Al'adu universals karfafa fahimtar juna tsakanin mutane na duniya

Culture, babu shakka, an haife tare da mutum. Da bukatar fahimtar duniya da kuma kansa, shafi da inganci, wajen samar da wasu kwarewa ga na gaba tsara bambanta mutum daga duk sauran wakilan namun daji. Culture in za'a fadada ma'ana shine hanyar da mutum zama a cikin wannan duniya, da kuma al'adu universals - shi irin amfaninsa.

al'ada code

Kowane al'umma na da halaye, da dabi'u, imani, ra'ayoyi da kuma stereotypes - a sa na code cewa ma'anar da ji na gaskiya, kuma ya nuna wani mutum halinsa , a wani yanayin da ake ciki. Mutane isar da wannan kwarewa da na gaba tsara - don haka gudanar da labarin. Amma a kowane al'ada (mutane, al'umma, jihar) ne gaskiya, kuma da alaka da Concepts da suke da na kowa ga dukkan mutane a duniya.

unifying

Al'adu universals - shi ne mai irin hakan na kwarewa da wayewa. Ko da abin da kabila ko wulakanta mutane, duk abin da lokaci, babu haihuwa, babu ra'ayoyi da kuma ra'ayoyin ya iya makale da kuma iya mallakar abin da zamantakewa yanayi, akwai wani tsarin da ãyõyi shigar da kowa da kowa a duniya ra'ayoyin game da duniya, kuma game da hulda da su. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa duk 'yan adam tseren aka shirya a kan wanda kuma wannan nazarin halittu dokokin, da wannan bukatu, sun kasance duk daidai a gaban kalubale shirya kai da yanayin su.

The kalmar "kowa da kowa" zo mana daga na da falsafa, kamar yadda karshe sages kaddamarda janar Concepts. Kalmar "al'adu universals" yana da guda ma'anar: general al'adu halaye halayyar dukkan yan Adam.

Misalai na al'adu universals

Dukan mutane a duniya da bukatar procreation da kuma kula na rayuwa da kuma aminci. A dangane da wannan al'ada akwai ra'ayoyi game da dangantaka, game da kiwon lafiya, game da yadda za a inganta da aiki. Ba tare da togiya, duk mutane suna haife kuma mutu: dukan al'ummai da hadisai da kuma ibada da bi wadannan biyu mai girma tsari. Mutane da bukatar tsira ba shi kadai, amma tare. Saboda haka, da dukan mazaunan duniya akwai kwastan alaka da rayuwa tare: .. A rabo daga aiki, hadin kai, da gaisuwa da kwana da, da dai sauransu Dukan mutane suna da ha ta da ikon yin dãriya, kuma kuka, barci, ci, zama jiki aiki, da dai sauransu Around wadannan Categories ƙara up .. wasu abu da kuma ruhaniya ayyuka na mutane. Its 'ya'yan - wani al'adu universals. Misalai - sunayen, iyali sadarwa, sadarwa, ilimi, sana'a ƙungiya, fasaha, cosmogony, masu duba, kalanda, kiwon lafiya, dafa abinci, wasanni, raye-raye, tufafi da kuma jiki ado, ado art, addini, zamantakewa da kai, siyasa, da dai sauransu ...

daya matrix - da abun ciki na daban-daban

Duk da haka, ya kamata a gane cewa, a cikin kowane al'adu da abun ciki na wannan ko da al'adu universals musamman. Dukan al'ummai da al'ada don fara iyali, amma wasu suna da shekaru domin aure shi ne shekaru 18 da haihuwa, da sauran 'yan mata za su iya aure a shekaru 8. Ko, misali, a cikin daban-daban al'adu iya bambanta ƙwarai a cikin yanayi jana'izar ayyukan hajji, ko da yake sosai zama na al'adun binne mutum, alamomin da dokoki zama a ko'ina.

Dzhordzh Merdok

Shahararren masanin tarihin mutum, kishin ta rayuwa ga nazarin mutum - ta asalin da kuma hulda da yanayi, farkon imbued tare da mafi girma da ban sha'awa a cikin al'adun mutanen duniya. The masanin kimiyyar ya game da ashirin da hudu da haihuwa sa'ad da ya yi a tafiya, a duniya, bayan da ya fara karatu a Jami'ar Yale, USA Research siffofin al'ada na kabilu da kuma jama'arsu. Murdoch da takwarorinsa halitta mai ban sha'awa database na duniya al'ada da kuma tallace abubuwa muhimmi a cikin duk al'adu, wanda ba kome ba ne fiye da al'adu universals. Jerin, wanda hada da fiye da tamanin Categories, tare da ci gaba da wayewa a kara girman. Karatu al'adu universals sani ethnographers, binciken burbushin da sociologists - Bronislaw Malinowski, Adolf Bastian, Lesli Uayt, Clark Wissler, Emil Dyurkgeym, Marsel Moss, Georg Simmel, Talcott Parsons.

zamani

Al'adu universals, ba shakka, dangi na dukan mutane a duniya, domin su ne kafuwar don hadade ainihi daga kowane al'adu. A yau babban mutum bukatun ne a kiyaye muhalli, da kuma kimiyya da fasaha ci gaba a ci gaba da kare hakkin dan Adam da zaman lafiya-tech ideas. Haka kuma, a cikin wadannan yankunan da ci gaba na zamani al'adu universals.