Bandwidth damar sadarwa

Tare da tartsatsi yaduwa na kwamfuta cibiyoyin sadarwa , da kalmar "bandwidth" ya zama sananne ga kowa da kowa. Kuma idan da a baya amfani ne zalla a msar tambayar, amma yanzu duk abin da yake daban-daban. Fahimtar abin da ya ta'allaka a baya da kalmomi "cibiyar sadarwa bandwidth" ba ka damar zabi mafi kyau samuwa bada sabis (nan tana nufin da na gida cibiyar sadarwa da Internet), kazalika da mafi kyau duka hanya zuwa kafa wani aiki tare da cibiyar sadarwa.

Kafin mu shiga cikin ka'idar, la'akari da wani m halin da ake ciki, wanda, alas, sau da yawa ta Internet masu amfani da suke zaune a cikin tsohon Tarayyar Soviet kasashen. Kamar yadda ka sani, a lokacin da ka haɗi zuwa cibiyar sadarwa damar samar da sabis a cikin jadawalin kuɗin fito da tsare-tsaren nuna gudun da prefix "up." Alal misali, "har zuwa 10 MB / s", "har zuwa 50 MB / s," da dai sauransu

A gaskiya, da damar da tashar da kuma ajiyar nasaba. Ka yi la'akari da halin da ake ciki da cewa a wasu batu a lokacin da mai bada sabis na cibiyar sadarwa ta haɗu da wani Subscriber. Matsayin mai mulkin, shi na samar da cikakken caji gudun. A bin tattalin arziki a raga, kamfanin bada ci gaba da samun sabon biyan kuɗi. A sakamakon haka, ta zama wata halitta halin da ake ciki, a lokacin da a lokaci guda wajen qaddamar da wani dangane da yawa online masu amfani. Daya jadawalin kuɗin fito "50 MB", wani, wani na uku ...

Da ma'ana sakamako - drop kudi na duk bayyana a kasa (tuna da prefix "up"). Fara kira disgruntled biyan kuɗi, kowa matsaloli tare da sadarwa da kuma sauransu. A mayar da martani, da goyon bayan da aka ambata cewa bandwidth yana da iyaka. Lalle ne, wannan shi ne saba wa da yawa masu amfani. Game da abin da yake da shi da kuma dalilin da ya sa gudun dama?

A 1920, an American bincike Ralf Hartli lantarki da kuma likita Garri Nikvist, magance al'amurran da suka shafi na bayanai canja wuri a cikin tangarahu, tsara babban fasali na data canja wurin tsari. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci - shi ne dangantakar da take tsakanin mita na watsa da kuma lokaci. Saboda haka, Hartley tsara dokar bisa ga abin da total adadin daukar kwayar cutar data gwargwado ga watsa mita amfani da aiki lokaci. A 1927 godu Nyqvist tãtacce cewa daukar kwayar cutar adadin darajar yana da iyaka zuwa sau biyu mita amfani (ma'ana baza ba tare da asarar data da naúrar lokaci). Kawai takaita sakamakon aikinsu, tsara ka'idar a 1940, Shannon data da kuma manufar "bandwidth connection."

A mita iyaka amfani ga watsa daga tashar bayanai da ake kira "bandwidth". Daga Shannon ta Theorem nuna cewa cimma iyakar gudu yiwu ta kara da sigina ikon, bandwidth, rage spurious amo. Karuwan gudun da daidaitowa siginar da take da wuya, tun lokacin da kara bugun jini rage-rage adadin da naúrar lokaci, da kuma a lokacin compaction ta rage tsawon wata guda sallama qara adadin asarar a cikin shugaba. Kullum, da bugun jini nisa da aka lasafta ta da dabara idan akai la'akari da zabi mita.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa tashar damar hada da ba wai kawai da ake so siginar amma kuma amo. Wannan na iya zama electromagnetic tsangwama, da kaddarorin da shugaba, gani gauss tsari da sauransu. A karža sami cikakken kwarara daga sakonni da kuma tace fitar da ake so bangaren.

Komowa zuwa Misali: lokacin da babban adadin biyan kuɗi hanzari kai iyakar daga cikin jimlar data rafi da watsa mita amfani da naka (Tantancewar line, rediyo mahada, jan waya). Don warware wannan matsala, kara da sigina ikon canza watsa mita da kuma yanayi (m kamar yadda na bukatar wani zamani daga cikin kayan aiki), ko don takura da ya kwarara daga data daga kowane saye da ake yi.