Beloyarsk NPP - Aiki da binciken

Ural, 40 km gabashin Ekaterinburg ne daya daga cikin na farko a cikin Tarayyar Soviet masana'antu makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke. Yana da aka fara a shekarar 1955 da kuma aka mai suna "Beloyarsk NPP." A shekarar 1964, ya ba na farko makamashi naúrar na AMB-100 "nukiliya Aminci Big" da damar 100 MW. Tun da 1967, na biyu - AMB-200. The uku block - BN-600 "da sauri neutron" 600 MW - sanã'anta a watan Afrilu 1980 Yau, ikon shuka yana uku nukiliya nukiliya. A shekarar 1981 da kuma shekarar 1987 na farko guda biyu da aka tsaya. A sauran uku. Masana sun kira azumi reactors "shayarwa", watau "Makiyayin". Suna amfani da samar da makamai-sa plutonium daga uranium. All kasashen turai daban-daban domin dalilai, irin reactors an tsaya. Kuma kawai Beloyarsk NPP ne latest a duniya da irin wannan m naúrar. AMINCI da tsaro na ta sosai high.

A takaice game da reactor. A ta aiki yanki ɗora Kwatancen man fetur majalisai - zirconia tube. Sai suka sanya nukiliya man fetur katsin, yawanci Uranium U235. Lokacin da rarraba man fetur a cikin da yawa daga zafin rana bututu wanda narkakkar azurfa sodium (ko gubar) ko ruwa a karkashin babban matsin lamba (ba Boiled) an samu daga cikin zafi zone (a farko kewaye). Sodium haka yana da babban radioactivity. to ta waje ba jure zafin rana da aka canjawa wuri zuwa na biyu madauki a cikin abin da wannan karfe ko high matsa lamba ruwa. A nan, kadan m heats up to reflux na uku ruwa kewaye da tururi kawota ga injin turbin. Daga baya, da gina ruwa a duk haihuwarka. Reactors karfe-karfe-ruwa a rubuce fi hatsari fiye da ruwa-sanyaya. Amma su ne mafi karami, don haka ba za ka iya amfani da su domin kai. Beloyarskaya nukiliya reactor BN-600 a cikin na farko guda biyu haihuwarka yana da wani ƙarfe coolant. Last - tururi-sodium superheater.

Beloyarsk NPP-2 - na biyu (kuma mafi musamman na huɗu) powerhouse a kan mataki na yi. Shekaru hudu samu naúrar BN-600 aiki da kuma sarrafa bayanai samu ya kai ga yanke shawara don ƙara biyu mafi - BN-800 da kuma BN-1200. Bayan da nuclear hatsari, wadannan ayyukansu sun tsaya, amma aikin ya ci gaba da daidaita. A shekara ta 2007, yi sake maido.

BN-800 naúrar ne aka yi nufi ga m aiki daga "azumi neutron" fasahar, da kuma tabbatacce sakamakon samu tare da shi, so:

- samar da wata rufaffiyar man fetur sake zagayowar na nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke.

- fiye da 50-Musulunci karuwa aiki riga ya ciyar a uranium, samar da man fetur da makamashin nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke na kasar.

- partially kamanta sharar nukiliya, da yin amfani da wadanda ba na rediyoaktif uranium U238 dumps.

- komai da man fetur wurare dabam dabam na plutonium daga dismantled nukiliya warheads.

Beloyarsk NPP tare da sabon ikon raka'a ta 2022 za a iya aiki na 2600 MW. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, za a fara gine-gine na block yawan 5 - BN-1200.

Commissioning dama BN-1200 reactors a cikin wannan da kuma sauran shuke-shuke, kuma ciki har da kamfanonin da sake zagayowar samar da makaman nukiliya man fetur, samar da wani tsarin masana'antu guda. Saboda haka Rasha za su samar da kansu da kuma sada kasashen wannan makãmashin daruruwan shekaru. Beloyarsk NPP zai dauki da rightful wuri a cikin wannan sake zagayowar, kamar yadda ta raka'a daban-daban na gwaji yi sabon mafita a cikin makamashi kansu na lumana zarra.