Mene ne PCI bas?

Trends a cikin ci gaban da kwamfuta fasahar ne bayyananne - shi ne daidaituwa, simplification ga masana'antun (rage sama) da kuma hada mahara na'urorin a guda kunshin. Babu wani abu abin mamaki a gaskiyar cewa da yawa daga yau masu amfani, sabon shiga ba su ma san abin da a bas PCI. Wadanda suka samu lokacin da samuwar IBM-jituwa kwakwalwa a kan tushen da 286, 386 da sauransu. Sarrafawa, babu shakka, tuna da yawan daban-daban tayoyin da hardware musaya amfani da kwamfuta tsarin na cewa lokaci. Wannan shi ne sanannen 8-bit bas da ISA, sa'an nan ta ƙarshe VLB (da aka sani da VESA), PCI bas, mai kwazo connector for Intel software modem, AGP, da sauransu. Kuma su duka, tare da m ware, aka bukata. Amma yanzu a kan motherboard ban mamaki "talauci" - daya kawai bas PCI Express, duk da haka, daban-daban bita da kuma tare da daban-daban lambobin da alama Lines. Alas, biya domin irin wannan daidaituwa, a zahiri hankali, wajibi ne a karshen mai amfani. Bayan duk, ko da idan akwai shi ne, misali, high quality- sauti katin, wanda yake shi ne PCI-na'urar, shi ne kawai babu inda za a haɗa (m adaftan ba count), kuma suna da saya da version ga wani daban-daban hula ko, mafi kullum, tafi a kan, frankly ma'ana, Hadakar bayani. A halin da ake ciki ne reminiscent labarin da "tilasta" canja wurin duk AGP zuwa PCI-E.

Abin da yake haka shahara bas PCI? Its tarihi Dates baya zuwa 1991, lokacin da fitowan da m Pentium aji processor, da ya bayyana cewa wani na kowa 8-bit ISA ba zai iya samar da wani m kudi na hulda da duk aka gyara tare. Ka tuna cewa a lokacin akwai ba da DMI, ko wuce-wuri sufuri, da kuma dangane da gyara a kan motherboard aka za'ayi ta hanyar wani tsarin bas. Ko da yake yunkurin An yi da su domin kubuta da hani da ISA, misali, da kuma akwai da VESA bas, amma saboda da hane-hane su ba tsira.

A shekarar 1992, Intel PCI bas aka gabatar da version 1.0 a wani bude misali. Its Agogon mita ne mai girma a lokacin da 33 MHz (wanda mita hawa Sauki CPU), dangane da hardware aiwatar, da goyon bayan 32 ko 64 ragowa (idan aka kwatanta da 8-bit ISA). A irin ƙarfin lantarki data Lines ya 5 da kuma 3.3, da kuma bandwidth ya 133 MB. Kuma, mafi muhimmanci, shi ya kasance tana goyon bayan Toshe & Play (jumper kashe!).

akwai wani inganta version of 2.0 a 1993.

A PCI bas ya sami duniya daraja tun 1995 (version 2.1). Dangane da aiwatar da mita kasance 66 MHz. Lokacin amfani da 64 bit bambance-bambancen gudanar ta hanyar wannan hula canja wurin 533MB. Windows 95 zo da ceto, a karshe, to cikakken tabbatar da daidai aiki na PCI na'urorin da Toshe & Play fasaha. Signal Lines yarda don motsawa daga 5V zuwa 3.3V

Next shi aka saki bita 2.2 - 3.0. Connector a version 2.2 yana cikin "key" cewa tubalan da shigarwa na m na'urorin ƙarfin lantarki. Da nassi ya ci gaba 2.3 to 3.3 V, don haka da yin amfani da irin wannan na'urorin a versions zuwa 2.1 (5) sakamakon a lalacewar cards da kuma wani lokacin da taya. A 3.0 version 5 V an daina amfani da su.

A 1997, da PCI ya ninka har kamar guda Intel AGP bas da aka saki domin video, wanda ba su kai su full m kan PCI.

Yanzu da PCI bas, kamar yadda a baya ya bayyana, an kusan ba amfani, maye gurbinsu da magaji - PCI Express. The software magance inji shi ne guda, amma jiki da aiwatar da ya halartar gagarumin canje-canje. yawan conductors, da aiki da mita ne ta ƙara an canza (tare da ragewa halin yanzu). Hanyar harhadawa a ma'amala initiators (da alaka da na'urorin) kuma canza, barin more dace don rike su buƙatun bas.

Af, a kan wasu motherboards har yanzu yiwu ka sadu da PCI bas haši. Duk da haka, a kan 'yan qasar goyon bayan da chipset da processor ba magana - a cikin wannan Hanyar aiwatar amfani na musamman guntu ne gada cewa turawa buƙatun ga PCI PCI Express.