Nikolai harsuna: biography

A farko uku na XIX karni aka alama ta wani m "zinariya" lokacin da Rasha adabi, wanda ya ƙulla niyyar kasida da ake kira Pushkin ta lokaci. Yanzu suna cikin madawwami da ginshiƙai na hankali, ilimi na soyayya, alheri da kuma kyakkyawa, dangane da wanda ya yi girma fiye da daya tsara na mutane. Daya daga cikin wadannan kasida NM Harsuna - daya A. S. Pushkina kuma N. V. Gogolya.

Nikolay Yazykov: biography

A mawãƙi aka haife kan Maris 4, 1803, a wani karamin gari a kan Volga Simbirsk. Its arziki tsoho daraja iyali yana da tushe mai zurfi. Kamar yadda wani yaro, Nicholas aka kawo a cikin mafi kyau daga wadanda mutane hadisai. Ya samu kyau kwarai ilimi a gida, don haka sosai farkon fara rubuta wakoki, ko da azzaluman wannan zama.

A shekaru 12, a 1814, ya aka aika zuwa Cibiyar Mining Engineers a St. Petersburg, akwai aka horar da biyu mazan 'yan'uwansa. Amma wannan filin da aka ba a kan harshen rai, kuma ya lokaci-lokaci ya jẽfa karatu. Duk da haka, da adabi malami Markov, wanda ya ƙaunace shi kamar ɗa, wani saurayi ya yi nazarin aniya sanya bincike ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma Derzhavin University. A shekarar 1820, bayan samun digiri, harshen yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatunsa a Engineering gini, amma akwai shi nan da nan ya daina zuwa makaranta, kuma ya aka fitar.

Dorpat rashin kulawa

A St. Petersburg Harsuna Nikolai Mikhailovich su saba da sanannen marubuci ta da'irar da kuma a 1819 ya zama na farko buga. Ya ganin darajarsa da kuma karatu tare da babban malamai irin su Karamzin, Zhukovsky, uba, Byron, Pushkin da kuma matasa. Da farko poetic kyauta lura AF Voeikov wanda wallafa waqe a "Sorevnovatele". Ya shawarci Nikolai Mikhailovich shigar da falsafa Dorpat University, inda mawãƙi soma nazarin Yammacin Turai, Rasha wallafe-wallafe, kuma a zahiri ya fadi a cikin su 'yan qasar kashi.

Jami'ar dalibai sun shahara ga su fun Kasadar, binge-sha, shan songs, duels da rapiers. Rabe-raben harsuna abubuwa da aka zarar ya lura da falala a kansu daga Zhukovsky da Pushkin Delwig, wanda gayyace shi a 1824 to ya Mikhaylovskoye kuma a cikin aya ga AN ya rubuta zuwa Wolfe: "Eh Yazikova mawãƙi Ku zo mini da tare da ku!". Amma su taron ya faru ne kawai bayan shekaru biyu.

rai na da kyau

A wani sosai m lokacin da mawãƙi sunan zama da aka sani, ya sonorous ayoyi zarce zuwa music kuma sung a cikin dalibi mawaka. Harsuna Nicholas ya yarda Dorpat voluptuous rai, amma ya taba rasa ya mutuncin al'ummarta. Kuma duk da free kuma lush yanayi, ya ji for mahaifarsa girma karfi da kuma sung shayari.

Saboda haka, ko shirya wani da'irar Rasha dalibai. A Dorpat ya ciyar da mafi kyau 8 shekaru, amma saboda m m binges jami'a ya sauke karatu ba tare da wani diploma a 1829. Yazikova ajiye da cewa ya aka sosai karanta, da kuma lokacin da ya kafa wani babban dakin karatu.

Tun da ya sadu da Pushkin Trigorskoye a Wolfe a 1826. Wannan taron rinjayi shayari Yazikova, kuma Pushkin kansa yi farin ciki tare da kerawa na mawãƙi ne. Karshe na bayyana dukan kwaikwayo a m waka "Trigorskoye".

Moscow da kuma Office

Bayan samun digiri a 1829 ya koma Moscow da ya rayu a cikin gidan Elagin-Kireevskys a Red Gate. Zo da shi sau da yawa ya zo ziyarci Pushkin, Odoyevski, Baratynsky da sauransu. A mawãƙi tafi da sauri a cikin Slavophile da'irar "Moscow Gazette." A wannan lokaci ne ya rubuta yawa na da kansa, shi za a iya ce mafi kyau waqe.

Satumba 12, 1831 Harsuna Nicholas aka nada a matsayin wani ma'aikaci na Office of Land Survey, wanda ya daukarsa a matsayin mai hana zuwa ga kerawa. By cewa lokaci, da mawãƙi so su ja da baya wani wuri a cikin kauye, da kuma rubuta more. Amma a 1833 ya kamu da neurosyphilis - wata cuta daga cikin laka. Da ya yi murabus, bar Moscow da kuma koma ya Estate a Simbirsk, inda ya tattara Rasha songs da jin dadin da poetic lalaci. Amma cutar da aka hankali ci gaba, da kuma a 1837 Harsuna je Jamus, inda ya ba da samun mafi alhẽri.

A Hanau ya gana da litattafan Gogol, kuma a 1842, tare da suka ziyarci Roma da kuma Venice. Lokacin da haka shi ya fi sauƙi, ya sake gaugawa dauki sama da alkalami. A wannan lokaci Harsuna rubuta da waka "A cikin Rhine". A marigayi rani na 1843 ya yanayin ya m, kuma ya koma kasarsa. A Moscow, domin kiwon lafiya ya duba tsohon aboki Farfesa Inozemtsev. Amma harshen da aka sannu a hankali mutuwa, da makaɗaicin nisha ya zama mako-mako taron na abokai marubuta.

Wahayi zuwa gare ta da ra'ayoyi daga cikin abokansa slavophiles mawãƙi buga kasashen yammaci domin ta shahara m sako "ga ba-namu", a cikin abin da Westernized mambobi na kungiyar ya kira makiyan da fatherland. Sa'an nan, ya rubuta wani yanki na Harsuna "Girgizar Kasa" wanda Zhukovsky dauke da mafi kyau a Rasha shayari. Duk da tsanani da rashin lafiya, da mawãƙi ci gaba da rubuta wakoki da kuma bisa ga litattafan Gogol, shi isa mafi girma Jihar lyricism.

Mutuwa a kan gãɓar

A watan Disamba, 1846 a rago Yazikova bayyana bayan wani sanyi zazzabi, ya kuma fara shirya mutuwa. Mawãƙi gayyace wani firist ya yi karshe wajibi na Kirista, ya yi jana'izar domin, shirya jerin mutane da ya so ya gani a jana'iza da kuma bayar da umurnin da jana'izar abinci ga abincin dare.

Disamba 26, 1846 at karfe shida da yamma Harsuna Nicholas zare jiki ya mutu. Jana'izar a kan Tverskaya Street a cikin Church na Gaske Shelar, aka binne shi a cikin Danilov sufi. Yau cikin kabari, kamar litattafan Gogol ta kabari mayar da su cikin Novodevichy hurumi.