Pisa Cathedral: The Story of wani musamman style. Jingina Tower na Pisa da Baptistery

Pisa Cathedral aka located a cikin kananan Italian garin Pisa. Cathedral tare da shahararrun jingina Tower da Baptistery ne hallmark na birnin, jawo dubban daruruwan yawon bude ido a kowace shekara. A birnin da aka kafa fiye da dubu biyu da suka wuce, a yau shi ne gida kadan kasa da 90 da dubu. Man. Ga aka haife ni da kuma sanar a gida jami'a sanannen Galileo Galilei, da kuma a Botanical lambu a birnin rightfully da'awar cewa su ne mafi kyau a duniya. Haikali kammala m na da look ban mamaki birni, wani mazaunin zai gladly gaya da kuma nuna inda babban coci da Pisa.

A tarihin Haikali yi

Pisa Cathedral ne babban coci na birnin da kuma daya daga cikin tsofaffin a Italiya. Yana da aka kafa a 1063, a wani lokaci na ci gaba da Pisa, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin manyan shopping sites a Italiya. Yi tsawon game da karni biyu, a lokacin da lokacin da babban coci samu da kansa musamman da Sankiran look.

Yana da aka gina da m Busketo Di Dzhovanni Giudice, wanda a kwanakin da aka sani ga m tunani da kuma sikelin yi. Kafin shi ya mai wuya aiki - ya zama dole don gina wani gini da cewa za a yi husufi da kyau na shirin da kuma Cathedral of St. Mark a Venice, wanda aka gina a lokaci guda. Pisa da Venice gasa da juna a dukkan, kõme, kuma Amfana hukuma ba rasa wannan shawara.

Busketo yi cikinsa quite a grand babban coci - a cikin wannan gini ya so farin dama gine-gine da yayi. Saboda haka Pisa Cathedral, wanda style ya sauyi ga lokaci, samu abubuwa na Byzantine, Lombard da kuma Musulmi. Busketo gudanar ba kawai don gina m kyau na coci, da ya halitta a fundamentally sabon shugabanci a gine - Pisan Romanesque style.

bayyanar

Zane na babban facade na Cathedral shagaltar da wani m, Rainaldo. Ya kuma ru da ra'ayoyin Busketo dauke da wani 'yan kama da zane abubuwa. Babban facade yana da wani sabon look - yanzu ya aka yi wa ado da semicircular arcades, sanya a cikin wani sauki hanya. Ya aka fuskanci baki, da fari da kuma shudi marmara a wani checkerboard juna. Wannan sauki bayani dubi sosai ban sha'awa, contrasting da haske rana da janyo hankalin admiring ganinsu.

Cathedral baka da kuma ginshikan da aka sanya na lokaci mafi kyau Masters cewa gani a fayyace daga cikin aiki da kowane bangare. Pisa Cathedral yana cikin siffar wani giciye a lokacin da kyan gani, daga sama - wannan shi ne gargajiya bayani ga Katolika Cathedrals. Its bayyanar aka karin yawon bude ido girma dutse arches, sculptures kuma, wata babbar yawan kankanin sassa sanya tare da wani mai yin kayan ado ta daidaici.

A ciki ado

Don wannan rana shi ba a kiyaye su primeval ciki siffar cewa yana da Cathedral of Pisa. Italiya a karshen na XVI karni samu wani iko da wuta, a nan ma akwai daya daga cikinsu, wanda ya hallaka katako tsarin. Bayan wannan bala'i, duk da ganuwar da aka yi wa ado da taimako na baki da fari marmara, da rufi da aka amfani da gilt da makamai na Medici.

Bayan wata wuta a 1302 tsira a mosaic, wanda ya siffanta da Almasihu, da kuma a lokaci guda ya kafa sashen, wanda ya zama a yau na musamman da nuna of na da sassaka. Its sama na nuna babban scenes na Sabon Alkawari cewa an sassaka daga marmara.

Jingina hasumiyar Pisa

Hasumiyar da aka kafa nan da nan bayan kammala ainihin gini na babban coci. A farko duwatsu a cikin tushe Tsarin aka dage farawa a karshen na XII karni, da gina ganuwar ta dade kusan shekara ɗari karkashin jagorancin daban-daban gine-ginen da kuma sau da yawa katse saboda da sakamakon karkatar.

A XIII karni, an yanke shawarar gyara gangara ta wajen musamman gina m balconies, amma wannan bai kai ga nasara, da gangare ne har yanzu ci gaba. Yana da aka gama a 1350, a total of 8 benaye da duka tsawo na 56 mita aka gina.

A karkata hasumiyar saboda da taushi ƙasa a karkashi. Kurakurai a cikin zane, ya sanya birnin ya shahara a ko'ina cikin duniya, da kuma sunan da hasumiya - a iyali sunan. Kowane yawon shakatawa ziyartar Italiya, da nufin yin hotuna daga wannan janye. A 2008, masana kimiyya ya bayyana cewa, aiwatar da fall kusan daina.

baptistery

Pisa Cathedral hada a gungu ne wani gini da ke shafar da kansa musamman style - Baptistery. Shi ne mafi girma a Italiya, da tsawon da karkara ne mafi girma daga mita 100. Kamar hasumiyar, shi hadawa biyu styles, Romanesque da Gothic, kamar yadda aka gina shi a daban-daban sau da daban-daban gine-ginen.

Ginin da aka yi da marmara. A farko bene da aka yi wa ado da arches, gina a cikin Byzantine style, ci gaba da zuwa fi gothic - karami baka-hakora, dual tsarin. A ciki na babban coci ne halin da hani. Ginin da aka yi wa ado da bijimi da zagaye Dome cewa halitta a cikin shi da musamman acoustics.

Abin da kuma ganin a Pisa

Hakika, yawon bude ido da aka aika zuwa Pisa ganin ganin an da gine-gine Masterpieces na tsakiyar zamanai da kuma ji dadin musamman ra'ayi na fadowa hasumiyar Pisa. Amma isa a Pisa, ya kamata ka kula da birnin kanta.

Kusa da hadaddun ne wani hurumi Campo Santo. An sanya su a cikin style a matsayin Cathedral of Pisa, photos da Gothic arches da Romanesque arches a cikin yawon shakatawa kundayen ne a kan wani par da hasumiya. Jingina kitchen ya bambanta daga mai gargajiya Italian yaji dandano da sharpness na kisa: Mutane da yawa gidajen cin abinci da kuma cafes suna bi zuwa classic jita-jita na yawon bude ido, wanda ya nemi shi tukuna Galileo Galilei nan.