Sculptor Nikkolo Pizano: biography, kerawa da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Wannan talifin zai mayar da hankali a kan rayuwarsa da kuma aiki na Italian sculptor kuma m Nikkolo Pizano. Ana gane matsayin kafa na Italian makaranta na gine-gine da cewa rinjayi m cin gaban dukan na Italiya.

asalin

Nikkolo Pizano aka dauke su kafa na makaranta na Italian sassaka kuma shi ne mahaifin shahararren talented sculptor Dzhovanni Pizano. Har ila yau shi ne a gane ta kafa Protorenessansa al'adu. A daidai ranar haihuwa ne ba a sani ba master. Masu bincike na aikinsa ya nuna cewa, mafi m kwanan za a iya bincika a 1219.

A sculptor aka haife shi a Puglia, a kudancin Italy. Idan muka juya zuwa archives na Siena, za ku ga cewa shi ne ake kira da dan Pietro. "Pisano" - ba real name, amma kawai wani sunan barkwanci da cewa m ya, dogon lokaci ya yi aiki a Pisa.

koyo

Nikkolo Pizano, wanda aikin a fili da babban matakin fasaha, koya daga Masters talakawa a garinsu. Akwai kuma jita-jitar cewa ya aka horar a cikin taron, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Brasco kafada Sarkin sarakuna Frederick II kuma ya mayar da hankali na gargajiya hadisin. Ya kamata a ce cewa ya isa a Pisa An riga an quite kafa sculptor. Kamar yadda lokaci ya nuna, ya sanya da dama yanke shawara, bada sama da Byzantine hadisin saboda dawo da roba na tarihin duniya. An yi imani da cewa a 1245 m-Nikkolo Pizano ueahal Tuscany inda wahala Castello Del Prato Sarkin sarakuna.
Bayan wani lokaci, da sculptor sake kaura: shi tasowa Lucca, inda ya ci gaba da sassaka. A kadan daga baya, sai ya motsa a Pisa (tsakanin 1.245 da kuma 1.250 shekaru). Shi ne a cikin wannan birni na Nikkolo Pizano hadu nan gaba matarsa, da kuma ya zama uba. Ya lover sani babu abin. Pisano dan ƙaunar da ya koya wa craft a wani wuri shekaru. Tun da motsi zuwa Pisa, shi zai fara zuwa ya bayyana a dukkan takardun karkashin sunan Nikkolo Pizano.

halittar

Masu bincike ba zai iya ce ga tabbatar da abin da irin aikin da yake na hannun sculptor Pisano. An yi imani da cewa ado na castle Castello del Sarkin sarakuna da aka tsunduma da shi. Shi ne mafi iya cewa marubucin zakuna wanda aka nuna a kan portal na castle, ma, shi ne ya. Domin aikinsa Tuscan lokaci hada da "shugaban yarinya", wanda aka nuna a Roma (Palazzo Venezia). A Lucca shi hulda ado na facade na St. Martin ta Cathedral.

farko fitacciyar

Nikkolo Pizano, wanda sculptures sun hadu a duk Italiya, a 1255 samu wani takamaiman tsari a Pisa, bisa ga abin da aka haifar da wata kujera da Baptistery. A wannan aikin da sculptor yi aiki tare da abokansa Lapo Di Richevuto da Arnolfo di Cambio. Da shi shi ne na farko da aikin da Pisano ya sanya hannu. An dauke farko da fitacciyar, a matsayin master ya iya hada gargajiya da kuma marigayi Roman style.

An yi imani da cewa kafin Pisano rayayye karatu sculptural al'amarin lokacin Augustus, don haka mai yawa da aka nuna a cikin Department na Baptistery. Shi ne mai 6-carbon tsarin sanya na fari, ruwan hoda da kuma duhu kore marmara, wanda ya ginu ne a kan arches. A karshen da aka sanya a cikin Gothic style a cikin nau'i na trefoil. Arch goyon bayan high ginshikan. A kusurwoyin kowane baka da aka sanya da adadi na wani daga cikin hudu manyan ayyukan alheri (mafi m adadi - image na Force a cikin nau'i na Hercules). An yi imani da cewa halittar kawai irin wannan baptistery Masters wahayi zuwa nasara arches na Roma, wanda ya birge, a lokacin da ya tafi zuwa Ostia.

Bari mu tuna cewa Arch of Constantine ne ma ado da ginshikan da reliefs. A karshe aka nuna daban-daban scenes daga rayuwar Yesu Kristi: "The Last iyãma", "girmama da Magi," "Kawo a cikin Haikali," "The Crucifixion", da dai sauransu Har ila yau, aiki a kan baptistery ba zai iya watsi da bayyane classic tsoma cewa Pisano aka horar a .. kotun da sarkin sarakuna Frederick II. An yi imani da cewa mafi kyau ayyukan Niccolo - mai sauƙi "The Gaske Shelar", "girmama da Makiyaya" da "Nativity". A wannan aikin da sculptor nasarar hade da fasaha na zamanin da da kuma na zamani Masters na alfarma ma'anar Kirista kwastan. A wannan tsarki image ne ma reminiscent na aikin na zamanin d Masters, sun kasance da kwarjini da taƙama, ɗaukakakkiya kuma m.

Kashewa tare da dansa

Around 1264 Pisano gama aikin ya zama Dome baptistery. Da farko shi aka tsunduma m Diotisalvi, amma sai da aikin da aka bai wa Niccolo. A sculptor ya yanke shawarar ya sa Baptistery sama da kuma ado da shi tare biyu domes. Around 1278 don taimaka Niccolo zo dansa Giovanni, wadanda suka taimaka wajen kammala baptistery, Popular facade sculptures. A kadan daga baya, Niccolò ya fara aiki a kan wani aikin da jirgin kaya daga St. Dominic. Development Pisano amince, amma m aikin da aka hana. A kadan daga baya, har yanzu yana da hannu a cikin halittar kabarin ga Saint. Dominic a Bologna tare da Daga Guglielmo.

The Department ga Siena Cathedral

Around 1265 ya fara aiki a sashen ga Siena Cathedral. A cikin duka ya kashe a cikinta ga shekara uku. A kujera ya yi kama da na farko fitacciyar - da baptistery. Duk da haka, a nan ya canza da ikon yinsa, da kuma tsarin sanya ya fi girma a cikin size. Har ila yau, na lura shi ne cikin kayan ado, domin shi ne mafi yawa marmari fiye da a cikin ta farko da bincike. A wani aikin shi yana aiki tare da masu biyayya abokai - dan Giovanni, da Arnolfo di Cambio da Lapo Di Richevuto. Idan muka bincika da uku-girma siffa reliefs, zamu iya cewa su ne sosai rinjayar Faransa Gothic.
A karshe aiki na Nicola da Dzhovanni Pizano - shi ne wani marmaro, wanda aka yi nufi ga ado da babban square a Perugia. Affidavits tabbatar da cewa Niccolo gina coci na Santa Trinita a Florence, a matsayin tunatarwa na Cistercian Gothic, wanda ci gaba da bunkasuwa a Italiya.

Summing up zamu iya cewa Niccolo shi ne kakan na Italian makaranta na sassaka, wanda dade har zuwa XIV karni, da kuma tasirin da take da yada wa dukan of Italy. Yawa a cikin ayyukan Pisano nasa ne da suka m alamomin, da sarari da aka cika gaba daya, ba tare da bada sarari jirgin na zato. Amma aikin Nikkolo Pizano (ya zane-zane) da shirya da al'umma zuwa ga mai girma canje-canje a cikin filin na sassaka da kuma gine. Sun zama wani irin springboard for tsallake badake. 1260-1270 shekaru kasance sosai aiki ga master, domin ya aka samun umarni daga ko'ina Italiya.