A na'ura da kuma kewaye da kyalli fitilar

A kyalli fitila (LL) ne a cibiyar haske generated da lantarki sallama a wani matsakaici na Mercury tururi da kuma inert gas. Wannan kiwata ganuwa ultraviolet haske addashin a kan phosphor Layer mai rufi cikin gilashin flask. A hankula kewaye da kyalli fitila ballast ne a na'urar da electromagnetic ballast (EmPRA).

Na'ura bayanin da LL

Mai kwan fitila fitilu ko da yaushe yana da cylindrical siffar, amma yanzu shi zai iya zama a cikin wani nau'i na hadaddun adadi. A iyakar da wayoyin saka a cikin shi, da fasali mai alaka da wasu daga cikin karkace filament fitilu sanya na tungsten. Suna soldered da dari located a kan waje, to wanda wani irin ƙarfin lantarki yana amfani.

Gas conductive matsakaici ciki LL yana da wani mummunan juriya. Yana bayyana kanta a rage daga cikin irin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin bangaren wayoyin da wata karuwa da na yanzu wanda dole ne a iyakance. Students kunsawa kyalli fitila qunshi ballastnik (shaƙa), babban manufar da - halittar wani babban ƙarfin lantarki bugun jini domin ta ƙonewa. Bayan shi ne kunshe a EmPRA Starter - haske fitila sanya a cikin shi tare da biyu wayoyin a wani inert gas yanayi. Daya daga cikin su da aka yi da bimetal. A cikin farko jiha ne bude wayoyin.

The aiki manufa na LL

Starter kewaye da kyalli fitila aiki kamar haka.

1. A kewaye da aka kuzari, amma da farko ta hanyar LL halin yanzu shi ne ba saboda da manyan juriya yanayi. By spirals cathode halin yanzu ya wuce da heats su. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ne ma kawota zuwa Starter ga abin da wadata irin ƙarfin lantarki ne isa ya samo asali a cikin haske sallama.
2. Lokacin da dumama Starter lambobi ta wucewa halin yanzu bimetallic farantin ya rufe. Sa'an nan, da karfe shugaba zama, da sallama aka kare.
3. A bimetallic lantarki cools saukar, kuma ya bude lamba. Lokacin da wannan shaƙa jimloli wani babban ƙarfin lantarki bugun jini saboda kai-inductance, kuma LL aka kunna.
4. Ba sai an fada ta hanyar da fitilar halin yanzu to, wanda aka rage wa 2 sau, kamar yadda irin ƙarfin lantarki a fadin inductor da dama. Shi ne bai isa zuwa zata sake farawa da Starter lambobi wanda kasance bude a lokacin konewa LL.

A makirci na hada luminescent fitilu na biyu shigar a daya luminaire, shafi yin amfani da su domin kowa shaƙa. Su suna da alaka a jerin, amma kowane fitila shigar a kan daya a layi daya Starter.

A hasara na fitilar ne kashe na biyu bawul, idan daya daga cikinsu ya gaza.

Muhimmanci! Tare da kyalli fitilu bukatar amfani da musamman sauya. A kasafin kudi na'urorin fara igiyoyin ne manyan, da lambobin sadarwa na iya zama m.

Maƙura-free kyalli fitilu hada: tsari

Duk da low cost, electromagnetic ballasts da drawbacks. Sun kasance sũ ne dalilin ga halittar lantarki na ƙonewa (ECG).

Yadda za a gudanar da LL da lantarki ballasts

Maƙura-free hada da mai kyalli fitilu sanya ta lantarki iko naúrar, wanda ya haifar da wani jerin irin ƙarfin lantarki canji a lokacin da ƙonewa.

Abũbuwan amfãni daga e-drive kewaye:

• yiwu a fara daga kowane lokaci da bata lokaci ba.
• Ba mu bukatar wani m electromagnetic maƙura kuma Starter.
• babu buzzing da Ƙibtawa fitilu.
• high luminous yadda ya dace.
• lightness da Compactness daga cikin na'urar.
• mafi rayuwa.

Modern lantarki ballasts da m size da kuma low ikon amfani. Suna da ake kira direbobi, sa a cikin tushe na m fitilu. Maƙura-free kunsawa na kyalli fitilu damar yin amfani na al'ada misali harsashi.

Lantarki ballast tsarin sabobin tuba wani alternating ƙarfin lantarki sadarwa 220 zuwa high mita. Da farko LL wayoyin an kona, sa'an nan ciyar da wani babban ƙarfin lantarki. A high mita yadda ya dace ne ya karu da flicker ne shafe gaba daya. Students hada da mai kyalli fitila iya samar da wani sanyi fara ko mai santsi karuwa haske. A farkon yanayin, da aiki da lantarki rai da aka rage muhimmanci.

A ƙara ƙarfin lantarki a cikin wutan lantarki da aka halitta ta cikin oscillation kewaye, abu don rawa da fitilar ƙonewa. The jefa daukan sanya sauƙin fiye a cikin gargajiya makirci da wani electromagnetic maƙura. Sa'an nan, a matsayin irin ƙarfin lantarki rage-rage zuwa da ake so darajar da sallama riƙewa.

Awon karfin wuta gyãrawa aka yi ta diode gada, bayan wanda shi ne smoothed layi daya da alaka capacitor C _1. Bayan a haɗa da cibiyar sadarwa nan da nan cajin capacitor C ₄ da kuma karya dynistor. Runs a rabin-gada janareta gidan wuta TR ₁ da transistors T ₁ da kuma T _2. Lokacin da ya kai 45-50 kHz mita ne generated amfani da serial rawa kewaye c C _2, C _3, L _1, haɗa da wayoyin, kuma fitila ignites. A wannan makirci kuma yana da shaƙa, amma tare da sosai kananan girma, kyale ka ka sanya shi a cikin fitilar tushe.

Lantarki ballast yana ta atomatik adjusts da LL a matsayin halaye canza. Bayan wani lokaci da ake bukata domin sawa fitilar ƙarfin lantarki karuwa domin ƙonewa. A Students EmPRA shi kawai ba zai gudu, da kuma lantarki ballast aka shirya a karkashin canza halaye da kuma ta haka sa da na'urar ta yi aiki a sharadi gwargwado.

A abũbuwan amfãni daga zamani lantarki ballasts ne kamar haka:

• taushi farko.
• tattalin arzikin na aiki;
• adana wayoyin.
• togiya flicker.
• operability a low zazzabi.
• Compactness.
• karko.

A disadvantages ne mafi girma kudin da hadaddun kewaye ƙonewa.

Aikace-aikace na wani irin ƙarfin lantarki multiplier

A hanyar sa shi yiwuwa a hada da electromagnetic LL ba tare da ballast, amma an fi dacewa amfani tsawanta da rayuwa da fitilu. Circuit na kone-fita kyalli fitilu damar da su zuwa aiki don wani lokaci, idan da ikon ba ya wuce 20-40 watts. A wannan yanayin da filament iya zama ko dai m ko a cikin ƙaho. A lokuta biyu, da karshe na kowane filament wajibi ne don gajarta da'ira.

Bayan gyara irin ƙarfin lantarki ne ninki biyu, kuma fitila hasken wuta up nan take. Capacitors C _1, C ₂ aka zaba zuwa ga aiki irin ƙarfin lantarki na 600 V. Su drawback ne manyan size. A capacitors C _3, C ₄ saka a kan Mica 1000 V.

LL ba a yi nufin for kai tsaye halin yanzu wutar lantarki. A tsawon lokaci, Mercury accumulates a kusa da daya daga cikin wayoyin, da haske na weakening. Don mayar da canza polarity reversing fitilar. Yana yiwuwa a saita sauyawa haka da cewa shi ba ya harba.

Besstarternaya makirci na hada luminescent fitilu

Students Starter bukatar wani dogon dumi-up fitilar. Bugu da kari, shi ne wani lokacin dole su canza. A wannan connection, akwai wani makirci da tsanani da wayoyin ta hanyar da sakandare Tuddan na gidan wuta, wanda kuma ya yi aikin aiki na ballast.

Lokacin da canji da aka sanya na kyalli fitilu ba tare da Starter, ya kamata su zama RS nadi (azumi farko). Fitilar tare da Starter jefa zai yi aiki ba a nan, muddin ta wayoyin ne mai tsanani, da kuma karkace da sauri ƙone.

Yadda za a juya a kan fitilar ƙõne?

Idan karkace daga oda, LL za a iya kunna ba tare da wani irin ƙarfin lantarki multiplier, ta amfani da saba makirci EmPRA. Students dama da Fused kyalli fitila dabam kawai dan kadan idan aka kwatanta da na al'ada. A saboda wannan dalili, Starter capacitor da alaka a jerin, da kuma lantarki dari ne short-circuited. Bayan irin wannan karamin canji fitilar zai šauki don wani lokaci.

ƙarshe

Design da kewaye na kyalli fitila ne kullum ana inganta zuwa ga tattalin arzikin, rage girman da kuma kara da sabis rayuwa. Yana da muhimmanci a amfani da shi, su fahimci a wani iri-iri iri samar da sani tasiri hanyoyin da za a haɗa.