A tarayya jikin zartarwa iko. The ayyuka na gwamnatin tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon

Kowane mutum, a ba tare da togiya, jihar shirya da gudanar da muhimmanci ayyuka na al'umma da hukumomi. Wannan shi ne wani key kashi a cikin daidaituwa na wani dangantakar al'umma. Duk da haka, da hukumomi a cikin nau'i a cikin abin da mu duka saba ganin ta, kwanan nan ya bayyana. More musamman, da jihar form of management yau dogara ne a kan dokar. Wannan ya ba da yaushe. A zamanin da, da ikon kabilai, al'ummomi da kuma kananan kasashe a kusan dukkan lokuta da aka bisa na musamman kan rikicin. Duk da haka, wannan nau'i na al'umma daidaituwa ne kawai tasiri a hannun mai ƙarfi, kuma m shugaban. Tare da mutuwarsa, wani m tsarin kawai karya saukar.

Daga baya, mutane suka fara yin amfani da addini. Wannan nau'i na kungiyar mulki a cikin kasar ta samu karin kuma mafi tartsatsi ne. Amma a wannan zamanin na cikin haske, a lokacin da fore kimiyya da muhimman hakkokin ilmi, ko addinai fara da za a manta. Saboda haka, mutane suka fara yin amfani da wani karin dace nau'i na shugabanci kungiyoyin - wato, da dama. Ya kamata a lura da cewa saboda wannan rukuni, hukumomi a kowace ƙasa ne istinbadi da aka raba uku main sassa. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu duba daya kawai daga cikinsu, kazalika da ba da babban tarayya jikin zartarwa iko. Gaya game da iko da kuma ayyuka.

A ra'ayi na ikon

Ya kamata a lura da cewa kusan duk tarayya jikuna na zartarwa ikon da Rasha Federation akwai to tsara al'umma da kuma dangantaka a cikinsa. A wasu kalmomin, tare da taimakon, da tip na kasar aiwatar da siyasa shirin. Saboda haka, zartarwa gawarwakin dace da gwamnati hankali isa. Duk da haka, 'yan mutane san abin da rukunin. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da ta doka halaye. A mafi "classic" view daga cikin matsalolin jihar ikon bada amincewa da cewa wannan category ne ya sa ta da yiwuwar wani rukuni na jama'a, ko kuma mutum daya zuwa cikakken iko da ayyukan al'umma. Saboda haka, gwamnati - shi ne ba wai kawai wata guda ra'ayi, amma a dukan tsarin na bukatun, hakkoki da abubuwan da nauyi, hukumomi, a fuskar wanda category ne a zahiri gane.

Ãyõyin jama'a hukumomi

Don gane da aiki da kuma yanayin da key ayyuka na zartarwa hukuma ya zama saba da ãyõyin gwamnati. A ka'idar dokar yawanci kara fadi da dama na shugabanci fasali. Duk da haka, wadannan sun fi na kowa:

1. Jihar ikon da aka nuna a wurin da batun, abu da kuma abun ciki na shari'a dangantaka tsakanin su.
2. Dokokin key iko na jihar gawarwakin rattaba kalma daga daki-daki.
3. A yi, gwamnatin jihar ayyuka da ake aiwatar da cikakken kuma a fili kamar yadda zai yiwu.
4. A cikin Rasha Federation, kazalika da a wasu kasashe, da manufa na rabuwa da iko.
5. A jihar ikon ne istinbadi. Kawai a cikin wannan harka da shi zai fahimtar da su yi aiki mafi nagarta sosai.

Features na da manufa na rabuwa of management a kasar

Ya kamata a lura cewa gwamnatin tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon a Rasha Federation zama kawai saboda da zarar ya kafa manufa na rabuwa da iko. Paradoxically, amma wannan doka category an ci gaba a lokacin da haske da masana falsafa da gabascin: Charles Lui De Montesquieu da Yahaya Locke. Bisa wannan ka'ida, da hukumomi a kowace ƙasa ne zuwa kashi majalisu, shari'a da kuma zartarwa rassan. Wannan dabarar damar domin mafi cikakken da kuma da-raba duniyoyin da shugabanci tsakanin key ikon jikinsu. A wannan yanayin, da m reshe na da tsarin da kuma siffofin, kamar yadda za a tattauna daga baya.

A zartarwa reshe

Kamar yadda muka fahimta shi, tarayya zartarwa gawarwakin kunshi cikin wannan sunan a cikin tsarin da rassan gwamnati. Ta, bi da bi, shi ne wani tsarin na raba iko, wanda ba ka damar gudanar da harkokin kasar. Bugu da kari, da zartarwa ikon kuma sau da yawa da aka bayyana a matsayin tsarin na jikin wanda tsunduma a aiwatar da dokokin matsayin dukan da kuma ta mutum da tanadi. Wadannan hukumomin zama kamar mai jiwuwa tsarin dogara ne a kan manufa da mika wuya matsayi. Don gane yadda ayyuka na gwamnatin tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon, shi wajibi ne don su gane doka ma'anar. Ba shi da wuya a gane.

A ra'ayi na zartarwa reshe

A tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon da Rasha Federation - wani shugabanci tsarin, wanda kai tsaye gudanar da wani management na Rasha. Wadannan hukumomin an sanya takamaiman ayyuka ga aiwatar da yanzu dokokin. A gaskiya, wadannan Tsarin enforces bin doka da oda da kuma haramun ce na su aiwatar. Bugu da kari, akwai gawawwakin baiwa da takamaiman ayyuka. Daya daga wadannan shine don tabbatar da bin doka da oda. Ya kamata a lura da cewa Rasha tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon na da musamman fasali, tsarin, ma'aikata, da kuma na kwarai iko. Duk da haka, da ayyukan interconnectedness tare da sauran rassan gwamnati. Saboda haka, gwamnatin tarayya zartarwa jikin su ne hukumomin, Tsarin ko kungiyoyi da alhakin kisan yanzu dokokin. Mun zaton yana da m.

ãyõyi sassan

A tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon baiwa da yawan characterizing siffofin da cewa ba za a iya samu a cikin wasu hukuma Tsarin. Saboda haka, labarin ya gabatar a sashen da wadannan halaye:

• A zartarwa gawarwakin wani bangare ne na tsakiyar na'ura.
• Suna da nasu tsarin, wanda zai iya bambanta dangane da hukumar.
• Ayyukan tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon ake yada su sakamako a kan dukan ƙasar.
• Su samuwar daukan wuri daidai da na yanzu dokokin.
• A cikin aikin na zartarwa hukumomi na yanayin da hukumomin aiwatar da musamman hanyoyin da wajen tsari na zamantakewa tsakaninsu.
• A daidai da dokokin guzuri aiwatar da jagoranci a zamantakewa da al'adu, da tattalin arziki, administrative da siyasa duniyoyin.

The ayyuka na gwamnatin tarayya jikin zartarwa ikon

Kamar yadda riga aka ambata a baya, da zartarwa aiwatar da aikin da dama musamman ayyuka da kuma ayyuka. Wadannan Categories nuna da inganci da tasiri ake magana a kai a cikin Mataki na ashirin da hukumomin. Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa zartarwa reshe ne Mafi m reshe na jihar management na al'umma. The bayani dalla-dalla na ta aikin saboda gaskiyar cewa dukan tsari ne, a gaskiya, shi ne mai Hanyar kai tsaye aiwatar da jama'a sha'awa. Wannan sanarwa da aka tabbatar a hanyoyi da dama, idan ka bincika daki-daki ayyukan tarayya zartarwa hukumomi, wanda ya gabatar da wani musamman hanya ga aiwatar da daban-daban musamman ayyuka. A daidai da wannan hukunci, yana yiwuwa a gano mai yawan key ayyuka:

• Hakkin dan Adam. Yana nuna cewa zartarwa hukumomin yi a yi da manufa na girmamawa ga muhimman hakkokin yan-adam da abubuwan da yanci.
• Executive. Yana ba ka damar yi da RF Constitutional norms.
• An rikon kwarya. Ana rinjayar da yawa sassa na jama'a rayuwa. Godiya ta al'ada aiki na administrative-siyasa, zamantakewa da al'adu da kuma tattalin arziki kansu na Rasha Federation. Wannan tsaro ayyuka da alhakin overall alheri mutane iko.
• da bin doka da oda aiki kayyade halin yanzu yanayin da bin doka da oda.

Bugu da kari, da zartarwa hukumomin kafa doka ta iya fitowa musamman dokokin, wanda ya nuna gaban misali-saitin ayyuka. Da iko na tarayya zartarwa ikon daya ko wata shugabanci suna lalacewa ta hanyar m aiki a ko'ina cikin reshe. A daidai da ta kayan abinci, wadannan hukumomin suna da izini yin amfani da daban-daban irin matakan da doka effects a hali na take hakkin doka gwamnatin doka ko na halitta mutane. Kamar haka ne, waɗannan fasalulluka sun fi mayar da bayyana ƙayyadaddu na zartarwa reshe a matsayin dukan. Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa, tsari ne mai amfani a cikin jama'a gwamnati. Yana yana da halayyar fasali, sun fi mayar saboda da tarayya tsarin da Rasha Federation.

A tsakiyar zartarwa jiki

A tarayya jiki na zartarwa dalĩli da alhakin overall iko da dukan irin wannan shugabanci tsarin ne ga gwamnatin. Karkashin tanade-tanaden kundin tsarin mulki, shi ne mafi girman ko shugaba administrative zartarwa jiki na Rasha. A kan aiwatar da ta aiki tsarin aiwatar da manufofin jama'a na jiha a kowane fanni na mutum aiki. A ta aiki na musamman a karkashin iko da jihar Duma, ko majalisar dokokin kasar. Wannan dabarar yana mulkin demokra fara ginin management jihar. Saboda gwamnati ne da wani izini tarayya zartarwa jiki. Yana iya gudanar da wani kai tsaye aiwatar da dokoki da takamaiman dokokin karfi. Normative tsari na wannan tsarin da aka gabatar a Babi na 6 Rasha tsarin mulki.

Da iko na gwamnatin Rasha

Tun da farko, an bayyana cewa, gwamnatin kasar mu ne wani izini tarayya zartarwa jiki. Shi ne iya yi manufofin jama'ai da dokoki na jihar. Bugu da kari, tsarin yana da wani isasshen yawan wasu ban sha'awa matsaloli. Su, bi da bi bayyana kansu a cikin iko jarin a cikin gwamnati. Bisa ga rubutun, za mu iya ce cewa gwamnatin yana da wadannan asali siffofin:

1. Kai tsaye zuwa ci gaba da kuma samar da jihar kasafin kudin na Rasha Federation.
2. Samar da m da kuma hadade hali bashi, monetary, tattalin arziki, al'adu, da muhalli, kiwon lafiya da zamantakewa da manufofin.
3. Yi management na tarayya dukiya.
4. Ci gaba da matakan da tabbatar da tsaro na Rasha jihar, bin doka da oda, da aiwatar da yan-adam da abubuwan da yanci.

A daidai da na yanzu dokoki, gwamnatin na da hakkin ya zama ƙarƙashin tushe. Ta, bi da bi, damar domin mafi daidai aiwatar da doka gwamnatin da ta wanzu a cikin Rasha Federation yau.

A tsarin da zartarwa gawarwakin

A tarayya jikin zartarwa dalĩli, a 2014 wanda ya juyo cikin sharuddan da tsarin reorganization ne wani ɓangare na wani fairly manyan tsarin. Rarrabuwa a wannan harka shi ne dogara a kan mutum kai tsaye Hukumar hukumomin. Ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai kuma irin wannan jiki, a Bugu da kari ga gwamnatin, a matsayin ma'aikata. A tarayya zartarwa ikon wannan irin aka tsari. Yana yawanci kunshi wani tsarin sabis, hukumar da sauransu. N. Amma ga ma'aikatun, sun ayan kasance a cikin gwamnati.

Saboda haka, a yau a cikin Rasha Federation, da zartarwa ikon da aka wakilta a matsayin haka:

1. Ma'aikatun da kuma ayyuka. Su gangarawa shugaban Rasha Federation. Daga cikin wadannan sun hada da ma'aikatar cikin gida, da harkokin waje, tsaro, shari'a, Federal Tsaro Service, Tsaro da kuma sauransu. N.
2. Na biyu kungiyar na hukumomin kai tsaye biyaya ga gwamnatin Rasha. Matsayin mai mulkin, da ma'aikatun wani bangare ne na tsakiyar jikin zartarwa iko. A karami form (hukumomin da kuma Services) wani bangare ne na wata ma'aikatar. Yau akwai babban adadin irin wannan abubuwa na gwamnatin. Wadannan sun hada da ma'aikatar lafiya, da al'adu, albarkatun kasa da kuma muhalli, masana'antu, sufuri, kudi da sauransu. D.
3. Ban sha'awa da isasshen a kan ta core raka'a ne sabis da kuma hukumomin, hadewa da shugaban kasa. Su ne ba wani ɓangare na wani daga cikin ma'aikatu da su ne gaba daya m. Don kwanan wata, akwai kawai biyar daga cikin wadannan: Antimonopoly Service, Service na Jihar Statistics, Service for Duba na amfani Rights Service for Muhalli, fasaha da kuma sufuri dubawa, kazalika da Hukumar kasashe.
4. A cikin Rasha Federation, ba ta tarayya tsarin, akwai yankin tarayya zartarwa jikinsu. Amma suna da, a da ayyukan ne batun kasa, ko da yake a wasu gida al'amura suna dauke da cin gashin.

Saboda haka, gwamnatin tarayya hukumomi ne isasshe ban sha'awa tsarin cewa aiki a cikin wani rarraba biyayya. Wannan shi ne ikon da dukan zartarwa reshe da aka raba tsakanin shugaban kasar da kuma gwamnatin na Rasha. Its ayyuka gabatar a cikin labarin, hukumomi yi ta hanyar nasu dokoki. Alal misali, umarni na tarayya zartarwa hukuma akai-akai gwada majalisu gibba, wanda, ba shakka, ne mai matukar kyau factor.

Saboda haka, a cikin labarin da muka yi kokarin fahimtar abin da tarayya zartarwa gawarwakin zama a Rasha. A ƙarshe, ya kamata a lura da cewa msar tambayar al'amurran da zartarwa reshe bukatar a inganta. Bayan duk, shi ne daga gare su, a nan gaba za su dogara a kan inganci da tasiri na ta kai tsaye da ayyukan.