A tsarin shari'a na Rasha Federation: ra'ayi, tsarin, asali ayyuka

A tsarin shari'a a halin yanzu wasa muhimmiyar rawa a ganin na da ra'ayin da bin doka da oda a cikin al'umma da take kokarin kafa kansa a matsayin wani dimokuradiyya. Daga cikin ra'ayi na daya daga cikin manyan ka'idodi na da ka'idar rabuwa da iko, wadda aka kirkireta fiye da ɗari biyu da suka wuce ta Faransa Falsafa Montesquieu, wato bangaren shari'a kamata dauki kan aiki na da iko a kan kiyaye doka ayyukan. Haka kuma, shi ne wannan reshe na gwamnati na da ikon sarrafa, don haka da cewa wadannan doka ba sabanin da muhimman hakkokin dokar da ke jihar.

A tsarin shari'a na Rasha Federation, kazalika da duk sauran jihohi cibiyoyin, dangane da kundin tsarin mulki a da ayyukan. A daidai da wannan daftarin aiki, da babban fasali na wannan tsarin ne cin gashin kuma 'yancin kai daga sauran jihohi jikinsu. Babban manufar kotuna ne su aiwatar da adalci a cikin m yarda da muhimman hakkokin procedural bukatun.

Trial tsarin na Rasha Federation, cikin sharuddan hulda tsakanin asali da aka gyara ne mai jiwuwa hulda da uku raka'a - primary, secondary da kuma manyan. A wannan yanayin, kowane mahada - a wasu sa na tasoshin tashi guda iko. Haka kuma, da farko mahada a cikin tsarin shari'a ne da ake kira fitina kotu - shari'a hukumomi, wanda aka kai tsaye da hannu a gudanar da bincike, kazalika da danniyan daga jumla ko a cikin yanayin definition.

A tsarin shari'a na Rasha Federation, ban da babban tasoshin hada cassation mahada. Cassation yafi tsunduma a cikin mafi girma da kotunan na RF batutuwa, wanda a karkashin roko na daya daga cikin jam'iyyun da aikace-aikace ne ko barin baya yanke shawara a halin yanzu tsari, ko don warware shi, ko kuma aiko da wani sabon bincike. Bugu da kari, tsakiyar matakin kotunan iya gaba daya soke jumla ko canza shi a cikin ni'imar daya jam'iyyar.
A karshe mahada a cikin tsarin shari'a na kasar mu ne kotunan] aukaka} ara. Babban bambancin daga roko na roko ta'allaka ne da cewa yanayin da ake sake nazari kawai a kan isa yabo, da kuma ba a kan wannan matsala.

A tsarin shari'a a Rasha ne mai wuya ba tare da ta babban tushe - da kotun tsarin na Rasha Federation. Wannan jiki ne ba kawai nominally gangarawa dukan wannan reshe na gwamnati, ta yanke shawara a kan al'amurran da suka shafi daban-daban kafa a vector na ci gaba da dukan jama'a. A cikin sharuddan da tsarin, da kotun tsarin na Rasha Federation kunshi mutum goma sha tara da alƙalai, wanda kowannensu yana da rike wannan post, ina da su gudanar da shari'a aiki domin akalla shekaru 15 da haihuwa, da wani impeccable suna da sha a hankali selection.

Babban aiki na kotun tsarin alaka lokuta a kan tsara wasu doka ayyukan da zartarwa ko majalisu hukumomi, kazalika da bayyana wannan tambaya na da tsara dokoki da suke riga a karfi ko kawai enforceable. Bugu da kari, kotun na da hakkin ya fassara kundin tsarin mulki, da kuma aiki a kan gama da mutum bukatun na jama'a.

Saboda haka, tsarin shari'a na Rasha Federation ne a hadaddun na shari'a cibiyoyin wanda primary aiki ne don sarrafa da kiyaye dokoki a cikin ƙasa na Rasha, a cikin gwamnatin da adalci da dubawa na jami'an.