Abinci sarkar a cikin kandami a matsayin barga yanayin kasa

Abinci mai gina jiki taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wani yanayin kasa. Abinci ne tushen samar da makamashi domin ci gaba da rayuwa tafiyar matakai na kwayoyin. Haka kuma, a kowane muhalli tsarin suna kafa abinci sarkar. Idan ka ayyana su, mu samu wadannan: ko trophic abinci sarkar - shi ne dangantakar da take tsakanin dabbobi, da shuke-shuke, micro-kwayoyin a kan manufa da "abinci - mabukaci".

A tsari ne mai sauqi qwarai. Wakilai daga cikin wadannan mahada kwayoyin ciyar a kan m link. Matsayin mai mulkin, da yawan links kai 3-4, kuma kawai sosai da wuya - 5. samar da kayayyaki a cikin ruwa, musamman a cikin sabo ne, cikakken fada karkashin trophic da kuma na iya zama na biyu iri iri.

Nau'in abinci sarƙoƙi

Abinci sarkar a cikin al'umma kandami iya zama na biyu iri iri. A farko ya hada da kiwo, na biyu - detrital. Da iri na abinci sarkar kasu kashi dama matakan. Da farko zauna kera - shuke-shuke da cinye makamashin hasken rana. A na biyu matakin akwai farko masu amfani da - dabbobi da cewa cinye shuka abinci. The uku mataki ne shagaltar da sakandare masu amfani - dabbobi, wanda cinye kawai rastenieedov da parasites farko masu amfani da. A karo na hudu ne decomposers da consuments uku domin - da yara, parasites da kwayoyin.

Waje kiwo abinci sarkar a cikin kandami ne halayyar ga babba yadudduka, da kuma detrital - zuwa kasa. Amma a fili ba shi yiwuwa a raba su - su, kamar dukan abin da a yanayi ne m. Amma abin da kewaye ban kasance mahalarci a cikin al'ummar yanayin kasa, domin su akwai wani janar mulki. Kowane trophic matakin (naúrar) mafi yawan makamashi da aka tunawa daga abinci, ciyarwa a rike al'ada rayuwa.

Abinci sarkar a cikin kandami. misalai

A wani jikin ruwa yana da sauki ba wani misali da mafi sauki abinci sarkar. La'akari da yanayin kasa na Lake Baikal. Saboda ga bambancin da Flora da fauna a cikin ruwa kewaye an gabatar da ra'ayoyi. Saboda su ne m, wasu aka gyara iya maye gurbinsu da daya daga cikin sauran abubuwa. Trophic sarkar lake kasu kashi biyu - epipelegial da batipeligial. A farko matakin ne Marinjãyi a jihar bakin teku ruwa da kuma hadawa rabo na yadudduka, na biyu halayyar da kasa zone.

Furodusa (primary mahada) ne daban-daban na algae. Konsumentami epishura aikin farko domin. Wannan irin planktonic crustaceans protrudes babban mabukaci phytoplankton da algae, kuma shi ne zooplankton. Epishura hidima a matsayin abinci ga na gaba mahada - consuments biyu domin. Wannan kungiyar hada macrohectopus (zooplankton) da kuma omul a duk matakai na raya kasa. Amma idan kifi cinye kawai primary masu amfani da, shi ma jan makrogetopus kera. Bi da bi, wadannan crustaceans ne abinci ga omul, steers, golomyankas da kuma sauran kifaye. A karshe kashi ne a hatimi, wanda zai cinye da wakilan da suka gabata matakin.

Detrital abinci sarkar

Duk wani lake, kandami, ko teku da daban-daban zurfin a sassa daban daban na shagaltar yankin. Detrital abinci sarkar a cikin kandami cewa fi a cikin ruwa shafi, wanda ba ya samun hasken rana. Kamar yadda wani m ne burbushin shuka da dabbobi asalin. By masu amfani na farko domin suna crustaceans kuma tẽku mai zurfi, kifi, kazalika da kwayoyin. Wadannan su ne sau da yawa detritophages consuments abinci ga farko da na biyu domin trophic wadata kewaye.

Canzawa a kunsa

Kusan ba zai yiwu ba a sami wani jiki na ruwa, gishiri ko sabo ne ruwa, a cikin abin da kowane mahada a cikin abinci sarkar za a wakilta daya kawai jinsin dabbobi ko shuke-shuke. Irin wannan yanayin kasa ta halaka saboda babu daya kashi take kaiwa zuwa wani katsewa na da ikon samar da kewaye a tafki. Idan kowane mahada aka cika da dama jinsunan dabbobi ko shuke-shuke, da tsarin ne barga, tun da babu wani bangaren da aka maye gurbinsu ko kuma ru tare da wani. Shekara-shekara yawan kowace shekara lissafi ga wata lambar daban na mutane. Kuma kawai godiya ga iri-iri iri ne ba katsewa da abinci sarkar da kuma halakar ta kunsa.