Aiki da ikon lantarki

A kowane rufaffiyar kewaye compulsorily riqe biyu makamashi hira. A wani canji na yanzu tushen da aka yi da wani ƙarfi (msl, janareta - machining) a cikin na'urar samar da makamashi, da kuma mai kula da da'ira halin yanzu an sake tuba zuwa da adadin kuzari daidai da irin. Auna hira kewaye lantarki a kowane sauran iri makamashi - tamanin da na yanzu aiki.

Amma za mu fahimci cewa aikin da ikon lantarki halin yanzu shi ne aikin lantarki filin ƙarfi, motsi da zargin. saboda haka yana da sauki yin lissafi.

Aiki a kan canja wurin da wutar lantarki a cikin lantarki filin darajar ta kiyasta samfurin canjawa wuri ta adadin cajin m bambanci tsakanin maki a farko da kuma karshen canja wuri, Ina nufin a kan irin ƙarfin lantarki:

A = Qu.

Babu shakka, wannan rabo na iya zama zartar da kimantawa Concepts kamar aikin da ikon da wutar lantarki yanzu. Game da girman da cajin, elapsed a cikin sarkar, za mu iya yin hukunci da na yanzu suna gudãna a cikin kewaye, da kuma lokacin da ya faru, kamar yadda q = Yana.

Amfani da irin wannan dangantaka, za mu sami dabara bayyana darajar da na yanzu aiki a kan wani raba ɓangare na sarkar, da ciwon da irin ƙarfin lantarki U:

A = UIt.

Aiki da ikon da wutar lantarki yanzu auna a cikin wadannan hanya: idan na yanzu auna a amperes, lokaci a seconds, da irin ƙarfin lantarki a volts, da aiki - a joules (J).

Saboda haka, 1 joule = 1 volt amperes x 1 x 1 biyu.

Ikon da aka auna da watts (W):

1 Watt = 1 joule / 1 seconds, ko 1 Watt = 1 x 1 volt amperes.

The tambaya na kirga tamanin da na yanzu aiki a cikin wannan yanki gaba daya da alaqa da tambaya na abin da irin makamashi za su juya a shafin na'urar samar da makamashi. Wannan aiki ne da wani ma'auni da iko, ya canza kama zuwa wasu siffofin.

Electric halin yanzu dauke aiki iya zafi sama da filament kwararan fitila, dab karafa, juya da armature na mota, sa sinadaran hira, da dai sauransu Aiki da ikon da wutar lantarki yanzu a dukkan lokuta, sanin matakin da wutar lantarki na hira cikin sauran siffofin - inji makamashi, da makamashi na thermal motsi, da dai sauransu

Sanin cewa da ikon P = A / t, za a iya samu a dabara da wanda yanzu ikon da aka lasafta a wata guda site Chains

P = UI.

Aiki da ikon na DC za a iya lasafta ta yin amfani da wadannan dabarbari kuma tare da wani ammeter, voltmeter. A yi, da aiki da lantarki filin da aka auna ta musamman na'urar - counter. Wucewa ta cikin mita, cikin ta fara yin gudun hur aluminum faifai, da kuma ta juyawa gudun ne kai tsaye na gwargwado ga amperage da irin ƙarfin lantarki. Yawan juyin, wanda ya yi ga wasu lokaci, zai taimaka wajen zana karshe game da cikakke ga wannan lokaci na aiki. Wutar lantarki mita za a iya samu a kowane Apartment.

AC ikon da aka auna yin amfani da musamman na'urar - a ikon mita. A wani inji na wannan na'urar ana hada kai ka'idojin voltmeter da ammeter.

Mutane da yawa lantarki kayan da fasaha na'urorin nuna su iko. Alal misali, ikon iya zama wani lagwanin 25 W, 75 W, da dai sauransu, da ikon da injin tsabtace ko kuwa baƙin ƙarfe na game da 1000 W, wutar lantarki, za a iya isa sosai high dabi'u - har zuwa dama dubu kilowatts. A wannan yanayin, ka tuna da yanzu iya aiki, wanda ya wuce ta wani musamman na'urar.

Aiki da AC ikon aka lasafta daban. Saboda haka, yin lissafi da aikin yi da alternating halin yanzu ga wani lokaci, wanda zai iya amfani da dabara:

P = 1 / 2I₀U₀ cos φ. Sau da yawa wannan lissafi aka rubuta a cikin wannan tsari: P = Iu cos φ, inda na da U - dabi'u na ƙarfin lantarki da kuma na yanzu, wanda shi ne sau 2 karami fiye da daidai mawadãta dabi'u.

A dabara domin kirga wutar AC ne guda a matsayin ga DC.

Raka'a da makamashi da kuma aiki:

1 Watt-biyu = 1 J 1 WH = 3600 J;

Hectowatt 1 hour J = 360.000.

1 kWh = 3600000dzh.

Raka'a ikon:

1 ampere volt = 1 W;

1 hectowatt = 100 W;

1 kilowatt = 1000 watts.