Alayyafo: Growing da kuma amfani da halaye

Alayyafo - mai shuka da iyali Chenopodiaceae, goosefoot zumunta. A cikin al'adun fara bayyana a Iran. A XVI a alayyafo shi aka riga aka sani a Turai, da kuma a cikin XIX karni baza a Rasha. Yau, an girma a ko'ina, amma a kananan yawa.

Alayyafo - mai alamar al'adu, musamman amfani da dace wa da rage cin abinci. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na baƙin ƙarfe da alli. Carotene a alayyafo ma fi girma fiye da karas, da sanyi ajiya adadin daga gare ta ƙara. Har ila yau, alayyafo ne mai arziki a cikin aidin, shi ya ƙunshi wani hadadden na bitamin da kuma ma'adanai. Saboda wannan da yin amfani da alayyafo nuna a cututtuka hade tare da aidin rashi. Alayyafo da amfani sosai ga jini domin ya ƙunshi mai yawa chlorophyll. A zafi magani, chlorophyll ne tuba zuwa cikin pheophytin, wani abu irin wannan a cikin abun da ke ciki to jini haemoglobin. Yana bada pheophytin Boiled alayyafo brownish ya dafa. A cewar wasu bayanai, a alayyafo kadan acid, don haka shi ne dace da cututtuka na ciki. Ko da yake shi ya ƙunshi ascorbic acid, folic, malic, citric, oxalic da sauran acid, amma a kananan yawa, don haka kiwon lafiya ne ba mai hana. Bugu da kari, shi ne mai arziki a cikin potassium, don haka shi ne mai kyau ga zuciya. Alayyafo wanke da hanjinsu, stimulates narkewa da kuma inganta harkokin nauyi asara.

The abinci amfani alayyafo bar a cikin sabo ne ko bayan zafi magani. Stow shi a lokacin da shuke-shuke zai zama 5-6 ganye, amma ko da yaushe kafin flower kibiyoyi, tun sa'an nan da ganye juya malosedobnymi. Dalilin da rashin shahararsa ta alayyafo ne cewa shi ba ya yi da kansa ya furta dandano, don haka shi ne mafi kyau a dafa tare da shi Multi-jita-jita. Alayyafo za a iya dafa shi mai girma omelette, miyan, za ka iya ƙara da shi zuwa ga pizza, pies, gefe yi jita-jita ...

Wannan inji - sanyi-resistant, da tsaba germinate mafi kyau a zazzabi na + 4-5 digiri. A girma lokutta (a lokacin da soket an kafa) zai iya tsayayya da zazzabi na 10-15 (a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara da -20). Wannan yanayin ba ka damar dasa shi a karkashin wani hunturu don samun a farkon spring baby alayyafo. Namo wannan amfanin gona ba ma rikitarwa, amma yana da wasu takamaiman fasali.

Yadda girma alayyafo? Ya kamata ka san cewa ganiya zafin jiki na ci gaba da shuke-shuke 15-18, a mafi girma da yanayin zafi shi hanzari arrow. Spring da kaka - mafi m lokaci don yayi girma alayyafo. Namo fara a farkon spring da kuma ci gaba da podseivat har sai lokacin rani, suna begen cewa lokacin daga germination zuwa girbi alayyafo ne 30-40 kwanaki (dangane da iri-iri). Girma seedlings, ma, zai iya samun wani sosai a farkon kaka. Shuka a cikin kaka, ko marigayi rani farkon lokacin da zafin jiki da dama a kasa 23. A kasar gona yana bukatar wani m, da-horar da. Yana da kyawawa da cewa duk takin da aka yi amfani a karkashin baya al'ada, ko a cikin fall. Ƙara kawai alayyafo phosphorus-potassium taki sa farkon bolting.

Alayyafo za a iya ciyar da ma'adinai nitrogen da takin mai magani, amma ƙwauro, kamar yadda zai iya tara nitrates (kamar duk shũka). A kwayoyin barbarar (slurry, tsuntsu sabili da kashin dabbabin) ne a ke so, suka rage da dandano. Acidity na kasar gona ya zama tsaka tsaki, dan kadan acid to dan kadan alkaline, kawai sai iya ka girma mai kyau alayyafo. Namo wannan amfanin gona a cikin acidic ko alkaline kasa, kuma ko da ba zai yiwu ba. Alayyafo yafa masa kadan, amma sannu a hankali, guje wa bushewa. Desirably mulched ƙasa tsakanin shuke-shuke. Alayyafo wajibi ne don haifar da mafi sharadi gwargwado, wani danniya (m watering, zazzabi swings, rashin ko wuce haddi na gina jiki da kuma musamman zafi) Yanã da saki da ya kibiya.

saukowa

Alayyafo sown a sahu guda, da nisa tsakanin su ya kamata a 15-20 cm, zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm. Lokacin da za a harbe thinned fitar sabõda haka nĩsa a tsakãninsa da tsire-tsire da aka 5-7 cm. Lokacin da alayyafo siffofin 3-4 ganye, shi sake thinned (fizge shuke-shuke amfani da abinci), da barin wani nisa na 15 cm. Yana yiwuwa "ya sanya hãtimi" alayyafo gadaje da sauran marigayi-maturing shuke-shuke, kamar kabeji. Wannan zai ajiye sarari da kuma kara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kafin babban amfanin gona maturation ka riga tattara alayyafo. Namo alayyafo da kuma watakila a lebur (a kan windowsill ko baranda).