American Lion: giant m na zamani Cats

Na dogon lokaci, har sai da lokacin da wani mutum kuma ya zama mafarauci da kuma samu wani makamin, a saman abinci sarkar na duniya tamu sun wakilai daga cat iyali. Hakika, shi ya ba mu na zamani da na zakoki, jaguars, damisa da damisa, da dadaddun kakanninku, kamar saber-toothed damisa ko American Lion. Ididdigewa ne ga prehistoric kusan dadaddun American zaki, ko kamar yadda masana kimiyya kira shi, Panthera Leo atrox.

nazarin halittu description

All zakokin da jaguars, damisa da kuma damisa ne mambobi na da cat iyali (Felidae), ya kasance a cikin subfamily Pantherinae - babban Cats, da kuma HALITTAR Panthera (damisa). Bisa ga binciken da juyin halitta daga wannan nau'in faru game da 900,000 da suka wuce, inda zamani Afirka ne a yau. Daga baya wakilan wannan nau'in karkashin mulkin mallakar wani babban ɓangare na Holarctic. A farkon ragowar dabbobi masu cin nama a Turai da aka samu a kusa da Italiyanci birnin Isernia, kuma su shekaru m, a 700 000 shekara. A cikin Eurasian nahiyar game da 300,000 da suka wuce zaune a kogon zaki. Saboda da Isthmus a haɗa yayin da Amurka da kuma Eurasia, wani ɓangare na alƙarya da wadannan yara kogo samu ta hanyar Alaska da Chukotka a North America, inda, saboda tsawo kadaici kafa wani sabon subspecies na zakoki - American.

iyali dangantaka

A sakamakon haka, na tsawon lokaci hadin gwiwa aikin da za'ayi da masu bincike, daga Rasha, Birtaniya, Australia da kuma Jamus, an gano cewa, duk da muke da a duniya akwai iri uku zakoki. Yau, da m kananan mazauninsu zaune da wani zamani zaki. Amma kafin shi akwai biyu prehistoric da kuma dadaddun nau'in yau. Da farko, wannan kogo zaki (Panthera Leo spelaea), suka zauna a yammacin Canada da kuma a cikin ƙasa na kusan duk na Eurasia a lokacin Pleistocene. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma wani American zaki (Panthera Leo atrox), wanda ya rayu a cikin abin da yake a yanzu Amurka. Kuma a wasu yankunan Kudancin Amirka. Ya kuma yi kira da North American zaki ko wata katuwar Jaguar Negele. A sakamakon nazarin da kwayoyin abu na m dabbobi da kuma na zamani da yara sun iya kafa da cewa duk iri uku na zakoki a cikin genome ne sosai kusa. Amma a nan ne abin da muka iske kuma fitar da masana kimiyya: a subspecies na American zaki yana cikin kwayoyin kadaici da fiye da 340 000 shekaru, da kuma a lokacin wannan lokacin ya kasance mai daban-daban daga wasu subspecies.

Daga ina suka fito?

Da farko, da na zakoki, da suka zo daga Afirka karkashin mulkin mallakar ƙasar Eurasia sa'an nan suka haye Beringia ƙasar gada da cewa alaka a cikin waɗannan kwanaki da Eurasian nahiyar, North America, kuma suka fara samar da sabuwar nahiyar. Masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa abin da ya faru na biyu daban-daban nau'in a North America saboda da wariya daga wakilan wadannan biyu alƙarya a sakamakon glaciation. A cewar wani jarrabawa daban-daban: kogo da American zakoki - ne wakilan da biyu taguwar ruwa na hijirarsa daga Eurasia, quite m daga juna a lokacin.

Ta yaya ya duba?

Kamar sauran prehistoric da yara, American Lion bace game da 10 000 da suka wuce. A cikin lokaci ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi hatsari na dabbobi, da tsawon iya isa mita uku, har ma fiye, da kuma nauyin kai 300 mãtã, kuma su maza da har zuwa 400 kg. Daga cikin masana kimiyya a can shi ne har yanzu babu yarjejeniya a kan tambayar ko wannan dabba ta mane kamar yadda ya na zamani, a zuriyarsu, ko ba. Duk da haka, ta bayyanar da suke siffantãwa quite a fili: a kan m Ƙafafunsu m, murdede jiki, lashe tare da babban shugaban, da kuma bayan wani dogon wutsiya. launin fata, da masu bincike bayar da shawarar, ya m, amma zai iya canja seasonally. A mafi morphologically kama da American zaki Ligers - zurriyar zaki da kuma wani tigress. Yana da wuya a kwatanta daga bayanin kama American Lion. Photo maimaitawa bayyanar taimake mu mu fahimci yadda ya kama da zamani "zumunta".

Inda ya rayu?

A sakamakon da archaeological site na ragowar wannan dabba da aka samu a kan wani babban yanki daga Peru zuwa Alaska. Wannan yarda da masana kimiyya gardamar cewa American zaki zauna ba kawai a Arewa amma kuma a wasu yankuna na kudancin Amirka. A yawa na wannan dabba ragowar da aka samu ba da nisa daga Los Angeles. Ko a yau, duk da gagarumin ci gaba na kimiyya, da masana kimiyya ba zai iya ba daidai da takamaiman Sanadin bacewar da predator game da 10 000 da suka wuce. Akwai shiriritar game da depletion na forage ƙasar da mutuwar dabbobi, da bauta American abinci ga zakuna saboda glacial da yanayin canje-canje. Akwai kuma wani version na hannu na zamanin da mutane da wargajewa wannan karaya predator.

Abinci da fafatawa a gasa

American Lion a lokacinsa iya farautar magabatan zamani Elk da bison, kazalika da dadaddun daji bijimai, da yammacin raƙuma, daji bijimai , da na dawakai (Equus). A lokaci guda, a Arewacin Amirka rayu da sauran manyan da yara, kuma dadaddun.

Domin da kariya na ganima da farauta filaye da zakoki a iya harhada tare. Kare da abinci da ƙasa suka yi yaƙi da American Lion saber-toothed Tiger (Machairodontinae), da mummunan tsoho Wolves (Canis dirus) da kuma gajeren-fuskanci bear (Arctodus simus).