Aortic bawul: tsarin, aiki inji. Stenosis da insufficiency na aortic bawul

Aortic valvular cututtukan zuciya da aka yawanci halin da sayansu hali da kuma bayyana asibiti kawai a cikin tsufa. Kasancewarsu iya sa mai tsanani hemodynamic disturbances. A tsanani daga cuta ne cewa canje-canje da shafi bawuloli ne babu ja.

tsarin da zuciya: bawuloli

The zuciya ne m jiki wanda ya kunshi hudu da bẽnãye. Hagu da kuma dama halves rabu da partitions a cikin abin da babu tsarin, duk da haka, tsakanin atrium da ventricle a kowane gefe yana da wani rami sanye take da wani bawul. Wadannan Tsarin sa shi yiwuwa a gwada jini wurare dabam dabam, hana regurgitation, watau baya simintin.

A kan hagu akwai da mitral bawul kunshi biyu bawuloli, da kuma a kan daidai - da tricuspid, shi yana da uku leaflets. Bawuloli suna bayar agara zaren, wadda tabbatar da bude a daya kawai shugabanci. Wannan ya hana backflow na jini a cikin atrium simintin. A miƙa mulki na hagu ventricle cikin lakã, aortic bawul a can. Its aiki - don samar da wani daya mai gefe gabatarwa na jini a cikin lakã. A gefen dama ne ma a bawul na huhu jijiya. Dukansu abokai ake kira "semilunar" suka kowane da uku leaflets. Duk wani abnormality, msl, calcification na aortic bawul, take kaiwa zuwa rushewa daga cikin jini motsi. An samo lahani yawanci hade da wani cuta. Saboda haka, mutane da ake kira hadarin dalilai ya kamata a yi kariya a kai a kai: yafi echocardiogram.

The inji na aortic bawul

A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wurare dabam dabam taka aortic bawul. A bude yatsun aka rufe a kan ko taqaitaccen - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin babban pathologies. Yana zama cikin hanyar hemodynamic rashin zaman lafiya. The aiki na wannan sashi na jiki - don tabbatar da gabatarwa da jini daga hagu atrium cikin ventricle, hana regurgitation. A bawuloli aka buɗe lokacin atrial systole, lokacin da jini ne directed ta cikin aortic bawul a cikin ventricle. Bugu da ari, ta bude yatsun an rufe su hana baya da zaben 'yan wasa.

Zuciya lahani: rarrabuwa

By lokacin da ya faru za a iya gano nakasar zuciya lahani (aortic bawul da kuma sauran abokai) da samu. A canje-canje shafi ba kawai bawuloli, amma zuciya katangu. Nakasar lahani sukan hade, yin shi da wuya a gane asali kuma ku bi.

Aortic bawul stenosis

Pathology ya shafi takaita da miƙa mulki na hagu ventricle cikin lakã - rinjayar da bawul leaflets da suke kewaye da kyallen takarda. Wannan cuta, bisa ga ilimin kididdiga Manuniya, fiye da na kowa a cikin maza. Hatimcewa na ganuwar da lakã da aortic bawul ne yawanci a hade da rheumatic da degenerative raunuka. Har ila yau, a matsayin etiologic wakili za su iya aiki endocarditis, rheumatoid amosanin gabbai. Wadannan cututtuka haifar da Fusion na slats, game da shi, rage su sannan da bawul ba zai iya zama cikakken bude a lokacin systole na hagu ventricle. A tsufa, dalilin da gazawar ne sau da yawa atherosclerosis da calcification na aortic bawul leaflets.

A sakamakon da takaita da aortic orifice akwai gagarumin canje-canje a hemodynamics. Suna lura a lokacin da mataki na stenosis aka bayyana by - rage fili ta fiye da 50%. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa dan tudu da aortic bawul matsa lamba canje-canje - aortic matsa lamba da ya rage na al'ada, amma shi qara a hagu ventricle. Karuwan daukan hotuna a kan bango na hagu ventricle take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban compensatory hypertrophy, wato, to ta thickening. Daga bisani gaji da damuwa da diastolic aiki da cewa yana sa da karuwa a matsa lamba a hagu atrium. Hypertrophy take kaiwa zuwa ƙãra oxygen bukatar, duk da haka, da ya karu na tsokar taro asusun for baya jinin samar da ko da wani karu a concomitant pathologies. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban zuciya rashin cin nasara.

asibitin

A farkon matakai na shafa aortic bawul iya ba bayyana kanta. Clinical canje-canje faruwa a lokacin da bude ƙuntatawa to 2/3 na al'ada. A tsanani aikinsa marasa lafiya fara zuwa damemu da zafi, sarrafa baya da breastbone. Pain ciwo a rare lokuta, ƙila a hade tare da asarar sani saboda tsari vasodilatation. Samuwar na huhu hauhawar jini manyan zuwa shortness na numfashi, wanda da farko damu kawai da kaya, amma sai akwai a sauran. Protracted cuta hanya zama dalili na kullum zuciya maye. Pathology na bukatar m magani, kamar yadda akwai wani hadarin tabarbarewar, da kuma kwatsam cardiac mutuwa.

bincikowa da

A jarrabawa, marasa lafiya da halayyar pallor hade tare da rage cardiac fitarwa. Radial jijiya bugun jini a kawai detectable - shi ne mai rare da kuma mai rauni. Auscultation lura weakening na 2 sautuna ko tsagawa. ECG ba isasshe m - ãyõyin hypertrophy aka ƙayyade ne kawai a cikin tsanani stenosis. A mafi bayyananniyar echocardiography domin tantance aortic bawul. A bude yatsun da aka hatimce da kuma thickened, quntata bude - ne babban bincike sharudda, wanda taimaka wajen gane da wannan binciken. A mataki na stenosis da kuma matsa lamba dan tudu yadda ya kamata domin sanin catheterization cavities.

magani

Domin m-to-matsakaici stenosis bukatar kawai gyara salon - guje wa matsanancin motsa jiki, magani na comorbidities. Tare da kara mita abbreviations designate blockers, kuma a zuciya rashin cin nasara tasiri diuretics, cardiac glycosides. Bayyana hatimi ganuwar da lakã da aortic bawul bukatar m magani. Yawa ana gudanar da prosthesis ko balan-balan dilatation.

Aortic bawul insufficiency

Sunan da aka ba Pathology halin nesmykaniem fuka-fuki. Wannan sabon abu take kaiwa zuwa sama na jini a jefa hagu ventricle da ya auku a lokacin diastole. Eastern Alkawaran ne yawanci a wahala na infective endocarditis da rheumatic. Kadan sau da yawa shi take kaiwa zuwa syphilis, aortic aneurysm, da lakã, hauhawar jini, Marfan ta ciwo, na tsari lupus erythematosus.

Aortic bawul taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wurare dabam dabam. Bai cika ƙulli daga fukafukinsa sa regurgitation, watau, da dawowar jini zuwa hagu ventricle simintin. A sakamakon haka ne ya wuce kima jini girma na ta rami, wadda take kaiwa zuwa obalodi da stretchability. Damuwa systolic aiki da kuma hawan jini take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban hypertrophy. Retrograde ƙaruwa matsa lamba a cikin kananan da'irar - dimbin yawa na huhu hauhawar jini.

asibitin

Kamar yadda stenosis, Pathology sa kanta ji kawai a mai tsanani mataki na gazawar. Lokacin da aikinsa nakasa auku, shi ake dangantawa da na huhu hauhawar jini. Pain gaji da damuwa kawai a 20% na lokuta. A lokaci guda ya nuna auscultation da kuma cututtuka na Pathology:

1. Pulsation na carotid jijiyoyi.
2. Alama Duroziez ko aukuwan systolic gunaguni a femoral jijiya. Yana faruwa a lokacin ta pinched kusa da sauraro matsayi.
3. Alama angioedema - canza launi da lebe da kuma kusoshi daidai da pulsation na arterioles.
4. Traube biyu sautunan, m, "igwa" cewa taso kan femoral jijiya.
5. Alama de Musset, bayyana girgiza kansa.
6. Diastolic amo bayan 2 sautunan faruwa a auscultation na zuciya, kazalika da raunanar 1 farar.

bincikowa da

M hanyoyin hada echocardiography da catheterization cavities. Su ka damar tantance aortic bawul, kazalika da waƙa da ƙarfi na regurgitated jini. Bisa ga wadannan karatu m tsanani daga mataimakin kuma jawabi da batun na bukatar tiyata.

magani

Mai tsananin rashin wani da manyan girma na regurgitation, m symptomatic bukatar m magani. Mafi kyau duka yawan amfanin ƙasa - wucin gadi aortic bawuloli, wanda ba ka damar mayar da zuciya aiki. Idan ya cancanta, sanya symptomatic magani.

Stenosis da aortic bawul - ya fi na kowa zuciya lahani, wadda yawanci sakamakon wani gida ko na tsari cuta. A Pathology progresses wajen sannu a hankali, wanda damar lokaci don gane asali da shi. Hanyoyin zamani na magani don taimaka mayar bawul aiki da kuma inganta haƙuri da yanayin.