Castle Palanok, Mukachevo: tarihi, labari. Ukraine jan hankali

Na da gidãjen - wannan wani bangare ne daga cikin labarin, wanda ko da yaushe janyo hankalin m ganinsu daga matafiya. Kila, wannan ne saboda da sarari na romance, da girma, da lambobin da suke muhimmi manya tsakiyar zamanai. Ba abin mamaki ba ya zuwa yanzu, a cikin shakka daga cikin magana "mai gaskiya ne jarumi," an yi amfani da lokacin da magana game da wani mutum wanda da gaske son.

Yau, game da wa anda sau da ayyuka na mutane yin tarihi, kawai tuna m gine-gine a kasashe daban-daban. Castle Palanok (Mukachevo) - daya daga cikinsu.

Transcarpathia

Domin da Carpathian duwãtsu na ƙarni kafa mutane ne haka na musamman da kuma asali cewa ya ƙarfin hali, kishin kasa da kuma bauta ga ĩmãninsu ya zama almara.

A tarihin Transcarpathia har abada hade da Slavs, wanda ya zo a nan da kuma fara samar da ƙasar a farkon 1 dubu. N. e. Kamar yadda archaeological tono, sun kasance mazauni ne na Volyn da Prykarpattya. Halitta ruhaniya connection, dasa a lokacin da samuwar Kievan Rus da samuwar kamar yadda mai girma jihar, ya iya ci gaba da al'umma daga assimilation na Transcarpathia da ta dan hanya al'adu, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da shi ya dade.

Kawai 3 ƙarni - daga 9 zuwa 11. - shi ne mulki ta hanyar Slavic shugabanni da mulki Orthodoxy, amma tare da 11 da kuma 13 karni, waɗannan ƙasashe ya zama wani ɓangare na Great Hungarian mulkin. A nan gaba, har da tsakiyar karni na 20th, Transcarpathia ya kananan canji a da yawa feuds da mulki daga daular zuwa wani. Daga cikin Hungarian zuwa Galicia-Volyn sarauta, sa'an nan da Turks da Habsburgs, wadannan da rundunõninsu, sun kasance Austria-Hungary da kuma Czechoslovakia, kuma kawai bayan yakin duniya na biyu, wadannan yankuna da aka sake cikin Ukraine, daga abin da suka kasance rabu for 10 ƙarni.

Yau da tsoho castle Palanok (Mukachevo) yawon bude ido zo daga ko'ina a cikin duniya don gane tarihi na biyayya ga al'umma daya zuwa asallanta, al'adu da kuma addini.

Mukachevo

A daidai ranar da gari ne ba a sani ba, amma na farko da aka rubuta ambaci aka same shi a cikin tarihin shekara 896. Location Mukachevo haka nasara da cewa Slavs wanda ya kafa garin, ba farkon wanda ya gane da kuma amfani.

Yarjejeniya a kan site na yanzu birni aka kafa 40,000 da suka wuce a cikin Paleolithic zamanin. Kamar yadda lokaci ya tafi a kan, wasu kabilu bace, su ajiye motoci rufe da ƙasa, amma a wannan wuri, da wadannan. Alal misali, a nan za ka iya samun shaida na rayuwa daga cikin mutane na marigayi Paleolithic (3,000 da suka wuce), Bronze Age (2000 BC. E.).

Kamar yadda bambance bambancen da kuma al'ada gabatar a nan. A kan dutsen Tupchiev gano Thracian kagara (10th karni BC ..), Kuma a nan kusa - Celtic Oppidum, kuma archaeologists sun ko an iya gano, a lokacin da Celtic kabilan fitar da irin kifi, a cikin wanda girmamawa da kuma aka mai suna dutsen.

Abin da muka yi nasara juna kabilan BC, amma an san cewa Transcarpathia ɓullo da kuma girma tare da Slavic kabilu, wanda a shekaru 700 da farko Millennium kafa wata al'umma mai girma Rusich, mulki ta hanyar Prince of Kiev. Wannan post, ta hanyar, shi ne zaben, da kuma mutane a matsayin Prince sa ga mulkinsa, don haka ya iya cire shi.

A farko katako, USAID bayyana a nan a kan tudu na Castle a 1086. Wannan dutse Mukachevo castle bayyana ne kawai a cikin 14th karni. Its yi ya fara a umurnin na Charles Robert - Hungarian bafadan, a cikin wanda mallaka ya sa'an nan a sansanin soja.

Yau, Mukachevo (Ukraine, Transcarpathian yankin) - a gundumar cibiyar, located game da hamsin kilomita daga Hungary da Slovakia da kuma 100 km daga kan iyaka da Romania da kuma Poland.

Tarihi na castle

Kamar yadda ya saba, ainihin ranar shiri na castle akwai, amma a records ce cewa a cikin 1086, ya ba kawai ta doke kashe kai harin, amma ya kasance da kawai unconquered sojojin Polovtsian Khan Kuteska kagara. A shatan na 1321 ambaci cewa Kwamandan sansanin soja a can a kan sunan Tomas.

Wadannan data for 1352 ambaci wasu Kwamandan - Dej, wanda ya ci da sojojin Khan Atlamosha. Cikin dukanin 13th da 14th ƙarni, da sansanin soja mallakar sarauta daular Arpadovichey Ugric da Anjou, amma real Yunƙurin da kuma sake fasalin kudin sansanin soja a cikin wata banmamaki kyau da kuma impregnable castle yana farawa daga lokacin da ya fara bayyana mai shi.

Mukachevo castle tafi ga ayyuka Fedor Koryatovicha - a 'yan qasar na zamanin d' ya'yan sarakuna iyali na Lithuanian Gediminas. Ya rasa abin da ya mallaka a lokacin yaki, da kuma 1 Sigismund a 1396 ba shi da sansanin soja a cikin rayuwar Bayelsa.

Duk da yake ginin ne a square bango tare da hasumiya, da wani moat a gaban su. Fedor Koryatovych gina a kan saman wani dutse castle, wanda ya zama mazaunin iyalinsa. A ko dai gefen tsohon ganuwar da aka gina iko hasumiya don 9 ma diamita da bango kauri daga 2.5 mita.

A 1401 da castle rataya zurfin bushe tsanya, a kan wanda towered goma-mita tsaron gida bango. Ciki da castle da aka haƙa wa mazaunanta iya tsira wani yaƙi ya kewaye, da kuma ba ji ƙishirwa ba. Castle Palanok (Mukachevo), daidai kiyaye to mu kwana. Yana ba zai shafi da mi} a mulki daga wanda gidan sarauta zuwa wani, ba da farko, kuma bã yakin duniya na biyu. A Soviet sau akwai wani aikin gona koleji, don haka da cewa ta dakunan da ganuwar da aka kiyaye a cikin lafiya, kuma a shekarar 1960 shi ya bude wani gidan kayan gargajiya.

Fedor Koryatovych

Wannan shahararren siyasa adadi na lokacinsa da kuma zo daga wani tsohon daraja iyali mallaki wani abun lura hankali da kuma mai karfi da hali, amma wasu masana tarihi sun sa wanzuwar hali aka tambaye ta a matsayin na gaskensu na da takardunsa ba a samu ba.

Da dama kofe na kiyaye takardun nuna cewa castle Palanok (Mukachevo) aka zahiri canjawa wuri zuwa rayuwa zangonsa Fedor Koryatovicha tare da birnin da m ƙasashe har zuwa Justa. Duk abin da ya, amma shi ya kasance tare da haske hannu a kan Castle Hill bayyana grandiose yi, ga wanda dubban mutane yanzu zo Transcarpathia.

Bugu da kari ga castle kuma Fyodor Koryatovych ya gina wani dakin karatu da kuma gina wani sufi, inda aka binne shi bayan mutuwarsa. Godiya ga shi garin na Mukachevo zama al'adu da kuma addini cibiyar na yankin. Yau kabari bafadan samu, amma an san cewa a cikin karni na 19th, a lokacin da, maimakon na katako coci sanya wani dutse, ya dutsen kabari da aka m. Inda shi tafi daga baya shi ne ba a sani ba.

Yanzu game da shi reminiscent na da wani abin tunawa a cikin tsakar gida na castle, wanda ya riga yana da kansa labari.

Description na castle

A lokacin da Fedor Koryatovych da aka gudanar a Transcarpathia, Mukachevo Castle (adireshin :. Per Kurucz, 5) sami nau'i cewa mu yanzu tsayar.

Manya da aka gina:

• babba kulle.
• tsakiya da kuma kasa kwa'di;
• tsaron gida bango a moat.

Domin gina Faransa ya zo da ita ex-ministan tsaron kasar da kuma part-time gwani a kufaifan Sebastien de Vauban, wanda ɓullo da wani tsaron gida tsarin na castle, sa shi impregnable. A wasu sassa na sansanin soja ganuwar ya kai 18 mita kauri, wanda ya sa shi sauki tsayayya da pounding data kasance a lokacin da kida.

A general, ya yi 4 baranda, wanda aka rarraba a Predvorotnyuyu, Lower, ta Tsakiya da kuma Upper Castle. Kowane matakin ya fi da sauran da kuma shi ne mai kare kai naúrar, don haka idan ƙananan tiers fadi, da kare iya boye saman da kuma tsira da kewaye.

A 14th karni, kamar yadda a yanzu, don samun a cikin castle Palanok (Mukachevo, aiki - daga 9,00 zuwa 18.00, kashe -. BP) shi ne kawai zai yiwu a kan wani katako, gada a kan moat, kawai a lokacin da aka cika da ruwa da kuma palisade - Palanka, da abin da aka mai suna.

A farkon manyan tsakar gida housed barikin sojan. Kuma su ma suna da tiers - fiye da su ne mafi girma, da girma, da sakamako samu soja, dauke da sabis a can. Daya daga cikin mafi ban mamaki gine-gine na Upper Castle ne 75-mita kyau, wanda buga mike cikin dutsen zuwa Latorica River. Dangane da matakin da ruwa da abun ciki na da kyau ambaliya, to, shi ke nisa saukar da da a cire danshi daga invigorating zurfin. Amma shi tsira da mazauna a kewaye da sansanin soja, daya daga wanda dade fiye da shekaru 3.

Ilona Zrinyi

A lokaci daya da castle mallakar wani tsohon Transylvanian haihuwa Rakoczy, zo daga Vlad Dracula 3. Su daular mulki nan fiye da shekaru 100. A wani lokaci da aka ba su mafaka Transcarpathian Slavs, wanda ba ya so ya yarda da al'adu da kuma addini na Turkish invaders. Irin wadannan mutane suna kira karutsu, da kuma wakilan wani tsoho tseren jagorancin su.

Ilona Zrinyi ya zama wani labari ne a zamanin rayuwarsa. A bazawara na Ferenc Rakoczy gangarawa cikin tsaro na castle a lokacin da kewaye daga dakarun na Habsburgs kuma dade shekaru 3. Ta ya shahara ga m kyau. Akwai ma wani labari cewa a kan Hauwa'u na makiya hari a kan lady shiga ganuwar dubi ƙarfi daga cikin sojojin a ganuwar ta. A wannan lokaci, sai aka ga ta Austria general, da aka shirya sojojin kai farmaki. Firgita dubi kyau mata, ya aika da sojoji da kuma ya ce ya yi amfani da yaƙi da sojoji, da kuma kyakkyawa ba za ku yi yãƙi.

Idan ba a cin amana na ciki yanayi na Ilona, kashe shi da guba ruwa a rijiyar, wannan sansanin soja don haka ba za su taba daina. Yau, a wannan babban mace yayi kama da wani abin tunawa a gina a cikin castle. Ta tsaya tare da danta a kusurwoyi, da kuma matasa shugaban daular riko da wani takobi a hannunsa.

Shi ne wata alama ce cewa ya taba rusuna wa zo Habsburgs da kuma ci gaba da aiki na da mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa. Ga kuma akwai Palanok castle kuma da mai shi. A Mukachevo sabili da haka ya kasance a cikin karni na 19th ne da wani abin tunawa ga mace wanda ya halicci labarin da ya jagoranci juyin juya halin. Ta rasu a 1703 da kuma ta toka sauran a Kosice (Slovakia).

castle Tatsũniyõyi

Tarik Ukraine iya fariya da kyakkyawa da tsufa, amma watakila babu inda haka da yawa Legends matsayin castle Palanok.

Ga zamani camfe a na kowa da waɗanda suke ga ƙarni da dama. Alal misali, digging wani kyau a cikin dutse matsakaici ta haifar da wani walwala da annashuwa mukachevtsev wannan labarin.

Men digging wani da kyau, a ranar digging, biyu, goma, da kuma har yanzu ba ruwa. Prince kowace rana fushi ya yi tambaya: "Ina ruwa?!" Kuma duk lokacin da suka amsa masa: "Nope" ji game da shi da kuma yanke shawarar aikatãwa halaye. Ya zo zuwa ga sarkin da ya ce cewa ga wani jakar na zinariya zai yi haka a cikin da kyau ko da yaushe ruwa. Abin da ya yi? Prince amince, conjured shaidan, da maza haƙa, da kuma ruwa ya bayyana.

Ƙazantu zo ga sakamako, kuma ya bãyar da yarima mai kananan jakar na zinariya, kuma ya bayyana cewa, a cikin size, ba su yarda. A fili yake cewa dogon digging da kuma mai kyau walwala da annashuwa da kuma mazauna yankin sun halitta a labarin ga zamanai.

To, a yau da castle Palanok a Mukachevo - da labari, ga abin da mutane zo nan tare da mafarki zo gaskiya. Wanda farko yanke shawarar cewa wani abin tunawa Fedoru Koryatovichu musamman nuna yatsa a cikin ƙasa, kamar an jayayya da cewa abin da aka yi nufinsu ya zama a nan - da cewa ba mu san, amma a yau dubban mutane jingina shi kamar karmami.

Abin sha'awa, da yawa daga cikinsu suna da'awar cewa su so zuwa gaske gane a lokacin shekara. Watakila shi aiki imani a cikin wani mu'jiza, ko kawai bayan da wani mutum amfani da velmozhny yatsa da kuma rufe idanunsa, gabãtar da ake so, daga karshe ya fara dauki wasu matakai domin ta aiwatar.

Duk abin da ya, amma mu'ujiza aiki. Yana ana zargin cewa labari fara a cikin rãyuwar m dalibai da zarar an located a cikin wadannan ganuwar selhoztehnikum. Amfani ga yatsa ja da kawai tikitin cewa ya sani, da kuma a yanzu miliyoyin masu yawon bude ido a gare shi, kuma grabs wani abu m waswãsi.

Castle a cikin karni na 20th

Tun farkon karni na 20th Transcarpathia mallakar Czech Republic, bi da Hungary (naman har zuwa karshen yakin duniya na biyu), shi yana nan cif, albeit karkashin kulawa na wani ta. A cikin 50s nan zaunar College da dalibai rayu a cikin tsohon barikin.

Kawai tun shekarar 1989 sun shirya wani gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin ganuwar ta. Yau ne wata jauhari a cikin abun wuya na jan hankali a yammacin Ukraine da kuma Transcarpathia. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa da yawa baƙi zuwa wannan yankin, musamman sha'awar a kagara, wanda shi ne na alfahari da Mukachevo (castle Palanok). ƙofar farashin ne kadan fiye da 35 rubles., da yawon shakatawa za su kudin 300 rubles. mutum.

Ina zama dole, na maido ayyukan da aka za'ayi, sai wani babban abin tunawa na tarihi da kuma gine dubi guda kamar yadda a cikin kwanaki na Fedor Koryatovicha. An kunshe a cikin jerin "mafi ziyarci jan hankali na Ukraine", kuma shi ne cancanta. A nan, duk abin da numfasawa tarihi, don haka da castle akwai wani kashe-kakar.

Amma duk da haka shi ne mafi fi so wuri domin honeymooners, suiting bikin aure photo shoot. Yana faruwa musamman a lokacin daga spring zuwa Oktoba.

Gidajen tarihi & Tarik

Yau, akwai bude dakunan da wani baje kolin na zane-zane da kuma sculptures, a karshen mako kida wasa, wani tarin yadu mazaunan rayuwa da kuma al'adun Transcarpathia abubuwa a lokacin daga 12th to 20th karni. A daya daga cikin dakunan yayi gumaka na 16-19 ƙarni. Yana sau da yawa runduna kide da bukukuwa, wanda mahalarta iya zama kansu da baƙi na castle.

Idan wani ne gaji na kwaikwayo, za ka iya shakata da kuma samun abun ciye-ciye a cafe, kuma zuwa ranar launuka taka leda haske, za ka iya sauka cikin duhu cellars na castle, wanda yanzu located dandanawa dakuna, kuma ku ɗanɗani ruwan inabi alama "Chizay".

A castle Palanok za a iya yi ba tare da wani jagora ba, amma shi zai zama kawai yawo a cikin shiru dakunan da farfajiyoyi. Shi ne mutane suke a soyayya tare da wadannan katangu enliven su da labaru na wadanda suka rayu a nan da kuma rubuta irin wannan ban mamaki Legends.

A view daga sansanin soja ganuwar - wannan shi ne wani damar ji dadin gida kyakkyawa ba za a rasa. Castle da dare dubi sosai ban sha'awa.

Tours na castle

Tour a Transcarpathia - shi ne mai matukar rare hanya, saboda yana da duk abin da:

• duwãtsu;
• kogi.
• mahara jan hankali.
• tsabta iska.
• m mutane;
• dadi da lafiya na gida abinci.
• dabam a cikin abin da za ka iya shiga a cikin wucewa.
• babban da kyau, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - a real castle.

Prices for wadannan yawon shakatawa ne quite m, mai yiwuwa, don haka akwai shekara-zagaye yawon shakatawa da kuma tafiya ke e da asirai da Legends na birnin Mukachevo kuma ta castle. Kowane bako na gari tabbata jefa wani tsabar kudin laifi line a cikin rijiyar kuma yi nufin dawo sake a nan. A wannan lokaci, akwai ma wani gida magana, da, kuma sun yarda da shi ga milyan lokaci zai gaya, yana da daraja tambayar.