Colombia - a jamhuriyar ko a daular mulkinsu? Climate, jan hankali, photos

Wonderful yanayi, ciki har da m jungles na Amazon da majestic duwãtsu na Andes za a iya gani a cikin wannan indescribably kyau wuri. Ko da ya fi shiryayye yawon bude ido ziyarci kasashen da dama na duniya, rinjayar da kyakkyawa abin da ya gani a nan. Wannan wuri - Colombia, a cikin wanda ƙasa mafi kyau rairayin bakin teku da kuma duk na Latin Amurka.

A wannan labarin, za mu amsa wasu tambayoyi game da wannan ban mamaki kasar. Mene ne fasali na jihar tsarin? Colombia - a jamhuriyar ko a daular mulkinsu? Mene ne fasali na halitta da kuma sauyin yanayi? Mun gaya game da yawan da kuma ɓangaren da wani irin kasa abinci kuma yafi.

janar bayanai

Colombia - ƙofa ga Kudancin Amirka. Ta - kadai daya daga cikin Kudu American kasashen gaba an wanke ta Caribbean Sea (kanti zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic) da kuma tekun Pacific.

Gwamnati a 'yan shekarun nan, gagarumin} o} arin ga m ci gaban da yawon shakatawa da kuma tabbatar da lafiyar matafiya da vacationers. Kyau da kuma arziki a cikin halitta jan hankali jamhuriyar.

Gran Colombia - kasar da ta arziki yanayi da kuma al'adun da tarihi. Kowace kusurwa da kuma kowane gari na wannan jiha za su iya gaya wani m da da mazaunanta.

Colombia (Jamhuriyar): photos, Gwargwadon wuri

Colombia bautar da arewa maso yammacin yankin Kudancin Amirka. Daga gabas ta da iyaka da kasashe irin su Venezuela, da Brazil, da arewa maso yammacin - tare da Panama, da kuma da kudu - tare da Ekwado da kuma Peru. Its arewacin an wanke ta Caribbean Sea, da yamma - tekun Pacific.

A duka yankin na jihar - 1.141.748 sq. kilomita, tsawon iyakar - 6004 km. Ya rike da dama tsibiran Colombia.

Jamhuriyar ne a kan irin wannan ƙasa, ƙasa wanda yake shi ne iri-iri shimfidar. A yammacin ɓangare na Colombia ne Andes dutsen tsarin na gabashin - tare da savanna Filato, da kuma kudu maso gabashin - Jungle. Kwaruruka filayen budewa tare da bakin tekun, partially bautarka dutsen kewayon Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The girma ganiya nan ne Cristobal ciwon (tsawo 5775 mita).

Great Amazon River lullube a kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare na Colombian ƙasa, kuma p. Orinoco gudana zuwa gabas.

yawan

Colombia - Jamhuriyar, mafi yawan jama'a na zaune a cikin duwatsu a cikin yankunan yammacin ɓangare na kasar. Kuma mutane kullum shirya a kan kunkuntar da nisa da isasshen spaced daga juna kogin kwari. The yawan al'umma a kasar - fiye da miliyan 46 mutane. Uku, na yawan jama'ar - zaune a yankunan karkara, da kuma na shida ɓangare na Colombian yawan zaune a babban birnin kasar - Santa Fe de Bogota.

Da zarar babban birnin na most birane a Colombia Cali, Medellin da Barranquilla. Total a Columbia ne zuwa gida kamar 75% na jimlar jihar yawan jama'a.

A cikin sharuddan kabilu, game da 58% - metises, fari (Turai) ne 20%, mulatto - game da 14%, 4% - negros da kuma 3% da kuma 1%, bi da bi, da kuma Sambo Indiyawan. 90% na Colombia a cikin addininsu - Katolika, 5% -hristiane.

babban birnin kasar

A babban birnin kasar na Colombia - Bogota. A cikin wannan birnin mai yawan al'umma na fiye da 11 da mutane miliyan. Spaniards kafa shi a kan site na karamin Fort Indiyawan a 1538.

The hukuma harshe, ko na addini

The hukuma harshe ne Spanish a kasar. Bugu da kari, a Colombia ta zauna 75 Indian harsuna, amma da lambar da aka ragewa a kowace shekara.

harkar shugabanci

'Yancin kai daga mulkin mallaka, Spanish, Colombia ya samu a watan Yuli 1810, da kuma ta yanzu sunan (Jamhuriyar Colombia) shi ya samu a 1886.

Bisa ga kundin tsarin mulki (1991), Colombia ne a jamhuriyar karkashin jagorancin wani shugaba, zabe kowane 4 shekaru da duniya kuri'u. A daidai wannan lokaci da gwamnatin tana da wani zabe shugaban na Jamhuriyar.

Gran Colombia ne bicameral majalisar dokokin kasar, da ake kira National Congress, wanda, bi da bi, ya kunshi wakilai (na 166 mambobi) da kuma Majalisar Dattijan (a cikinsa 102 sanatocin).

A manyan jam'iyyun siyasa biyu ne da wadannan: Social Party of National Unity, m, ra'ayin mazan jiya, jam'iyyar National Hadewa, "m canji."

Administratively kasu kashi sassan (da suka - a garuruwa) da kuma Capital District of Columbia.

sauyin yanayi Columbia

Ko da yake Columbia da kuma ayi kusan a ekweita, saboda da bambanci a tsawo yana hudu sauyin yanayi zones (yafi subequatorial da Equatorial). Duk cikin yawancin (83%) ne kasa da 1000 m daga teku matakin. Sea. A wadannan wurare da zazzabi Averages + 24C. Ragowar (9%) ne located a tsawo na 1000-2000 mita saman teku matakin, inda da talakawan iska zafin jiki na game da + 18C. Akwai tsawo da kuma har zuwa 3000 mita, da talakawan zafin jiki a da YAKE + 12C.

A kan Caribbean Coast rani - daga Disamba zuwa Maris, da kuma sauran shekara - damana. Kusan babu rani a cikin wannan Pacific Coast.

Biota

A babban iri-iri Flora da fauna ne Colombia. Jamhuriyar, inda Pacific filayen kwarinta, yana da Evergreen dazuzzukan kurmi, da kuma inda ne Caribbean Coast, mikewa mangoro. Savannah fi yawa, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, a arewa-maso-gabas da kuma gabas. Andes wakiltar Woodland kuma shrubs.

Kuma duniya dabbobi ne bambancin: da yawa jinsunan kwari, tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma kifi.

A mafi m jinsin dabbobi, musamman ban sha'awa ga masu yawon shakatawa: jaguars, malam, Humming birds, kuma piranhas.

Tekuna, tekuna, da kuma Columbia River

A arewacin kasar, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, an wanke ta Caribbean Sea da yamma - tekun Pacific. Oceanside yana da jimillar tsawon - 3208 km. da talakawan ruwa zazzabi a tudu - + 26C.

Uku ƙõramu sunã gudãna ta ƙasar Colombia: a kudu-maso-gabas - da Amazon, a yamma - da kogin Magdalena, a gabas - da Orinoco. Magdalena - babbar halitta janye daga m (1,600 km), wanda yana da Jamhuriyar Colombia.

Historical birane, su sake dubawa

A mafi girma a birnin na Colombia - Bogota, Cali, Medellin, Cucuta, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Bucaramanga.

Reviews na tafiya a cikin wannan ban mamaki kasa, a cikin wannan tarihi birnin, mafi kyau. Musamman rare da ziyartar birnin, kiyaye gine na mulkin mallaka sau.

Nan za ka iya ganin wata m birni da yawa kiyaye majami'u na zamani - Popayan. Yawon bude ido sha'awan shi m gine na gidajen lama da gidajen tarihi (16th karni).

A wannan ban mamaki gine-gine ginen da za a iya gani a birnin Cali. Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na wannan birni da aka sani ga dama Faralones de Kanaberaleho (National Park), inda bullfighting ne da za'ayi ci gaba.

Leticia aka located a kan gāɓar babban Amazon River (kusa da Peru-Brazil iyaka). TsarkinSa ya tabbata da ake kira Island na birai, a cikin abin da waɗannan dabbobi rayuwa a cikin adadin game da 1,000.

Cikakke ga dama tafiya da Jamhuriyar Colombia.

gani

A Colombia, za ka iya ganin kiyaye tarihi Monuments na iko da kuma m wayewar na Andean Indiyawan. Akwai ban sha'awa archaeological Parks Tierradentro da kuma San Agustin. Sun gano wani tsoho necropolis.

Yawon bude ido za su iya ziyartar kuma ganin tsohon Spanish gari da kyau-tsare har zuwa na zamani kwanaki m Monuments na na da gine-gine (Spanish). Shi ne birane kamar Tunja (Spanish kafa shi a 1539), Villa de Leyva (tushe - 1572) da kuma Santa Cruz de Mompoks (tushe a 1540.).

A Jamhuriyar Colombia yana da wani sa na kasa reserves kuma Parks inda za ka iya ganin kyakkyawan m dabbobi da tsuntsaye: da kasa Parks na Sierra Macarena, Tyrone, Farallones de Cali National Halitta Park, Chiribikete, Ensenada de Morning, Paramilo National Park a tsibirin Gorgon.

Vacationers a Colombia yawon bude ido suna miƙa ban sha'awa yawon shakatawa, a lokacin da za ka iya koyo game da rayuwar gida Indiyawan. Ga ku iya kai ziyara mahaifar shahararren marubuci - Colombian Gabriel García Márquez.

Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa fiye da 1,700 tsuntsaye a Colombia.

al'ada

Colombia - Jamhuriyar tare da wata al'ada dimbin yawa da tsofaffin al'adun da al'adu na Indiyawan Daji da mazauni ne na Afirka da kuma Turai (Spanish). Sai dai itace cewa da shi ne - a al'adu da dama kasar inda duk yankuna suna da nasu musamman fasali.

Al'adu na Andean yawan yana da karfi Turai tasiri. Da kuma Caribbean yawan - cakuda Afirka da kuma India. Pacific Coast kusa Afirka hadisai. Dalili na al'adu na Amazon tasa ne Indian kwastan.

Haka kuma, kowane yankin na da Colombian holidays.

holidays

Colombian mutane ne sosai m carnivals. The most of su ne a watan Janairu (a Pasto) da kuma Fabrairu (Carnival na Barranquilla).

Na bikin, bukukuwa da kuma nune-nunen ya kamata ka lura da wadannan:

• Cali Fair.

• Flower Nuna a Medellin.

• International Music Festival Caribbean.

• Theater Festival (Latin American).

• Festival a birnin Cartagena.

Colombia - Jamhuriyar wanda ya ke son mutane da kuma sanin yadda za a yi fun. Da kuma motsa jiki a gare su, kuma, ba a karshe wuri. Kowace shekara akwai hawan keke "Tour of Columbia" (Maris zuwa Afrilu). Sau da yawa a nan gasa a tennis, kwallon kafa da sauran wasanni. Kuma bullfighting ne wani muhimmin ɓangare na al'ada na wannan al'umma.

Mafi yawa daga cikin bukukuwa ne addini a cikin yanayi, misali, na ɗauka cewa, idin alfarma Zuciya na Yesu, St. Day. Yusufu.

Colombian kasa abinci

A da ginshikin, kasar abinci na wannan kasa - hadisai kafa a nan kafin a bude ta Columbus. Yana ji duka biyu Turai da Asiya da tasirinsa.

Dalili na kusan dukkan su yi jita-jita sa up da wake, da kayan lambu, shinkafa da fadi da dama na kayan ƙanshi.

Colombian abinci ne sosai bambancin da kuma wani lokacin m. A duk ya dogara da yankin. Wasu daga cikinsu ma ci soyayyen tururuwa, wanda ba zai taba sauran yankunan.

Mai girma girmamawa a general a kasar don yin nama jita-jita. A jihar bakin teku yankunan, duk da haka, aka mamaye jita-jita daga lobster, kifi da kuma abincin teku, wanda aka sosai sau da yawa shirya tare da kwakwa madara miya.

A Jamhuriyar Colombia yana da wani peculiar, sabon abu ga mutane da yawa yawon bude ido na kasa abinci. Saboda haka, kamar yadda mai mulkin, a shawarwarin domin yawon bude ido kokarin kawai wasu daga cikin jita-jita. Wadannan su ne: kaza miya da dankali, capers, avocado, masara da kirim mai tsami. Masara waina kamar pancakes. shinkafa a kwakwa madara. mau kirim miya da kore da albasarta da kuma qwai. steamed abincin teku. naman alade da ja wake. gasashe nama tare da dankali da soyayyen plantains da kuma rogo. shinkafa-kwakwa pudding da sauran jita-jita na kaza, naman sa, 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu.

A gargajiya da kuma mafi yadu abubuwan sha a cikin wancan akwai kofi, zafi cakulan, rake da ruwa da kuma lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itãcen marmari juices, giya da kuma na - giya, Rum (Reed vodka).

giya: sayar da giya Aguardiente (sanya, daga rake da anisi da ƙarfi 29%), Chicha (fermented abin sha shinkafa, sukari da kuma madara), Canelazo (ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kirfa).

mura

Colombia - Jamhuriyar ciwon a kan Caribbean Coast wasu lovely babban mura - Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta. Ba da nisa daga tekun ne tsibiran, da wuri ne dace domin yawon bude ido: Providencia, Santa Catalina da kuma San Andres. Su kyau rairayin bakin teku tare da farin yashi da kuma tare da fabulously kyau murjani reefs ya ji dadin yawa yawon bude ido.

Duk wadannan bakin teku mura bayar da dama da sabis don yawon bude ido: hotels, kulake, shaguna da kuma gidajen cin abinci. The kawai ya rage underdeveloped yawon shakatawa Pacific Coast a yammacin kasar, ko da yake akwai kuma kyau rairayin bakin teku, kazalika a kan Caribbean Coast. A wadannan gaba da kyau lagoons da kuma tsibiran. The kawai korau - sau da yawa ruwa.

A ƙarshe - game da yadda za a samu to Colombia

M, kuma m mura ne Colombia (Jamhuriyar). Yadda za a samu mata, don ganin wadannan m wurare kuma su ciyar da holidays?

A Colombia daga Rasha kai tsaye flights akwai. Don samun a kan wani jirgin saman za a iya isa kawai a kan sufuri hanyoyi da canja wurin zuwa filayen jiragen sama a Amurka ko kasashen Turai.

Daga France akwai na yau da kullum kai tsaye flights zuwa Bogota, kazalika daga Amsterdam da Madrid.

Mutane da yawa North American (Washington, Atlanta, Houston, da sauransu.) Kuma Kudu American birane (Caracas, Buenos Aires, Quito, da sauransu.) Shin, kai tsaye nasaba da Bogota.

Colombian El Dorado Airport ne kilomita 15 daga cibiyar Bogota.

Domin ganin ban mamaki kyakkyawa da m hali na Colombia, shi wajibi ne don canja wurin mai kyawawan dogon gudu.