Constructivism a gine

Constructivism kira avant-garde trends a gine-gine, da kuma zane-zane crafts da kuma zane-zane, da kuma daukar hoto. Wannan salon da aka ci gaba a cikin lokaci daga 1920 zuwa farkon na gaba shekaru goma.

Fice fasali na constructivism - da rigor, laconic siffofi, geometrizm da monolithic bayyanar. Constructivists ko da halitta da hukuma m kungiyar da kuma ci gaba da nasu aikin zane Hanyar. A Hanyar cewa dogara ne a kan wani kimiyya bincike na aiki na Tsarin, gine-gine da kuma gidaje. Constructivism a gine kiyaye su a da hankula Monuments - kasuwanci kitchens, manyan gidãje daga aiki, ma'aikata 'kulake, municipalities, gidajen da aka gina a cikin waɗannan kwanaki.

Wadanda m kamannuna da hada da wani ra'ayi na "constructivism", aiwatuwa ba kawai a cikin gine-gine, amma kuma a cikin wasu duniyoyin da mutum aiki, misali, a cikin wallafe-wallafe.

Duk da cewa wannan yanki yana dauke da Soviet sabon abu, kamar wani for shi ba a tsare a cikin kasashen na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. Zai yiwu ga wasu shi zai zama labari, amma harbinger na style constructivism a gine ne ma da Eiffel Tower, wanda hadawa biyu constructivist da modernist abubuwa.

Irin wannan kwarara ta samo asali a ci gaba da search na wani sabon abu. Firtsi na cewa lokaci da aka miƙa da kin amincewa da "art for art ta sake", da kuma imani da cewa shi ya kamata a samar da. Mabiya wannan ra'ayi kira artists da kuma gine-ginen don ƙirƙirar kawai amfani abubuwa, haka samar da rayuwa mai kyau a cikin dadi birane. Kalmar "constructivism" kawo wa Rasha harshen theorists na "samarwa art", babban dalili shi ne m amfani a 'yan takardu da jawabai gine-ginen kalmar "sanyata", "zane", "zane".

The gine na Constructivism, kazalika da wani shugabanci, yana ta haske da wakilan. Yana Leonid 'yan'uwa, Victor kuma Alexander Vesnin, wanda ya gane uncluttered ilmi na wannan Trend, ya riga ya dandana kwararru a cikin zane na gine-gine, da zanen da kuma zane littattafai. 'yan'uwa aikin ya tsaya fitar a cikin gasar Labor Palace gini aikin a birnin Moscow. M shirin m ga m fuskar zamani ilmi, da yin amfani da latest yi da kuma kayan gini - duk wannan ya} ashin ga ci gaban shugabanci na "constructivism".

Architecture - da ra'ayi ne da wuya sosai, kuma na gaba mataki domin Vesnin ya da ɗan mafi rikitarwa da suka gabata. Saboda haka, da suka yi don tsara shirin wani gini na jaridar "Leningradskaya Pravda" a kan wani kankanin mãkirci na ƙasar. 'Yan'uwa da kafa wani kananan shida-storey gini, amma akwai kome: ofishin sarari, kuma da Editorial dakin, da kuma rumfan jaridu da zaure, da kuma karamin karatu dakin, domin shi ne ikon kungiyar da yawa da ake bukata sarari a abu daya - babban aiki na Constructivists.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, constructivism a gine da kansa aikin hanya. A cewar Constructivists, kowane aiki yayi dace da mafi m tsarin.

Akwai wani lokacin da Conservatives soki ga kare hakkin ya yi amfani da na gargajiya siffofin, daga baya da shi da aka haramta. Tarayyar Soviet ya da wani aiki gwagwarmaya da bourgeois takalidai da dama kusassari. Lokacin da Constructivists sun wulãkantuwa, wasu gine-ginen sun manta, kuma wasu - don daidaita da canje-canje. Wasu Soviet malamai jayayya da cewa "postconstructivism" zo a kan a lokacin motsa.

Constructivism a gine sake sanya kanta ji, a cikin 60s, a lokacin da gwagwarmaya tare da "gine-gine extravagances", da kuma a cikin farkon shekarun 1990s, wasu disembodied ra'ayin na 20 ta zama gaskiya. A yau shi ne a kan ƙara bayyanannu a cikin gine na manyan birane.