Doka, game da bayani. data kariya

Nasarorin da kimiyya da fasaha ci gaba a yanzu mataki na zamantakewa da ci gaban nuna a fagen bayanai fasahar duniya nasarori daga mutãne. Daya daga cikin mafi girma da binciken a wannan yanki, babu shakka, za a dauki matsayin da fitowan da kuma ci gaban da Internet, da albarkatun da kuma damar da ake kullum girma.

Tabbatacce kuma korau al'amurran da ci gaban da bayanai da fasaha a cikin al'umma

A tabbatacce rawar da ci gaban da bayanai jama'a ne undeniable da wuya bukatar a bayyana ba, amma kada mu manta da cewa duk da nasarorin da kimiyya da kuma fasaha ci gaba, kamar yadda mai mulkin, akwai biyu tabbatacce kuma korau bangarorin. Har ila yau, mai raba batun ne da shari'a dokokin da suka shafi cikin bayanai.

Game da bayanai jama'a, yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa ci gaba da kuma kyautata na tsarin sadarwa links tsakanin mutane ba kawai optimizes aiwatar da samun da bayanai, amma kuma Halicci sabon makirci na sadarwa. A wannan yanayin keta wasu sirri iyakoki. Akwai matsalar tsare sirri a cikin samuwar da kuma ci gaban da bayanai al'umma, gina a kan bin doka game da bayanai.

The sabon abu na taro da al'adu da kuma samun bayanai "ikon"

A wannan mahallin shi ne kuma mai muhimmanci shi ne cewa ci gaban da ake kira taro al'ada - zamantakewa da al'adu al'amari a kanta shubuha. Bisa ga ka'idar da masana'antu Toffler, shi iya lura da cewa, yaduwar taro al'ada a Yammacin jama'a na XX karni shi ne saboda, a hannu daya, dalilai kamar ci gaban urbanization, salla rubuce-rubuce, da yaduwa da taro kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma a kan sauran - ci gaban da m? Unci da danniya, hade da intensification na mafi iri aiki, kazalika da yaduwa mabukaci dabi'u a cikin al'umma.

Saboda haka, sanannun al'adu da aka kai wani sabon matakin na kungiyar, nemowa sabon ilmi, da ciwon sabon bayanai ba mafi girma samun albarkatun da kuma dama da al'umma. A gaskiya, da talakawa da damar yin amfani da albarkatun da suke da dama daga cikin fitattun cikin al'umma. Haka kuma, Mastering da albarkatun da wannan irin, sanannun al'adu, da kuma samun wani sabon gwamnati, tare da daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da yanayi na da ikon ta wãyi da hurumin dacewa bayanai, kazalika da bayanai tsaro.

Motsi da amfani

Ya kamata a lura da cewa sikelin da motsi na da waɗanda data, wanda a halin yanzu ya rike da (kuma zai iya yiwuwar rike) da taro mabukaci, shi ne musamman high. A wannan yanayin, da kariya na bayanai ne kasa a yau. Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa samuwar irin wannan bayani na iya ba ko da yaushe a yi amfani da kyau nufi. Abin baƙin ciki, da zamantakewa da kuma halin kirki al'adu na zamani bayanai mabukaci ne kamiltattu ba ne. A wannan batun, sharply kiwata tambaya ba kawai na yiwuwar samun bayanai, amma kuma game da hani da sirrinka, musamman a lokuta inda kasancewa na mutum warware da hakkin ya tsare sirri da kuma suke da muhimmanci doka game da bayanin.

Matsalar data sirrinka a zamani al'umma

Daya daga cikin yanayi na rike da tsare sirri na bayanai sarari ne dukiyar ilimi -} unshi dokokin da hakkin ya dukiyar ilimi da kuma ci gaban wajen bayanai kariya.

Kamar yadda labarin 1228 na Civil Code, marubucin sakamakon na ilimi aiki ne dan kasa da wanda creative aikin halitta irin wannan sakamakon. Dukiyar ilimi dokokin da aminci a kan shari'a da dokokin da suka shafi cikin bayanai kafa wani kenkenewa mawallafa amfani da sakamakon ilimi da kuma m aiki a ta hankali da kuma ba da damar ko kãfirta da amfani ga wasu.

category copyright

Har ila yau, dukiyar ilimi ya hada da hakkokin da suka shafi hakkin mallaka. Daga cikin su - da yancin aikatawa aiki, phonogram kera, ko na USB watsa labarai kungiyoyi, wallafa, database kera, kafa dokar kare mallakar, daban-daban iri masana'antu kayayyaki, mai amfani model, cinikayya sunayen, alamar kasuwanci, alamomin, sabis da alãmarsu.

live batun

A lokacin, da m matsalar 'yan fashin teku na bayanai saboda gaskiyar cewa data kariya, samar da ci gaba na zamani da bayanai fasahar, ba za a iya ba a cika. A batun da wahala ba kawai ta ci gaba da iri daban-daban software, wanda ya samar da dama ga wadatacce Networking fashi. Mutane daya-daya mawuyaci ne rashin bayyana sharudda ga kayyade doka a kan data kariya. Daga cikin iri na ba bisa doka ba da yin amfani da software za a iya gano a matsayin ba bisa doka ba saye da kuma samar da bayanai kayayyakin. Data Kariya dokar da cewa, da kuma wani gaisuwa a matsayin tauye hakkin mallaka.

ba bisa doka ba saye

- Softlifting ( "shiru sata") - da saye da mai lasisi kwafin na software da kuma installing shi a kan mahara kwakwalwa a take hakkin da sharuddan da yarjejeniyar lasis.

- Unlimited Client Access - sayen kungiyar lasisi software da za a shigar a kan daya ko fiye kwakwalwa (ko da za a shigar a kan uwar garke wata iyaka adadin abokan ciniki kamfanoni cibiyar sadarwa), amma ainihin shigarwa na kamfanin ta uwar garke kuma bude damar shiga da masu amfani sama a kayyade a cikin lasisi yarjejeniya.

software Distribution

- Internet satar - tunzura wasu kasuwanci software kayayyakin a kan Internet (haka da cewa duk wani mai amfani da yanar gizo yana da ikon sauke ko kwafe software), kazalika da bude samun pirated software (ko sayar da mai fadi da yankin cibiyar sadarwa).

- jabu ko na jabu - An bayar da rubanyawar da doka kwafin lasisi software (a cikin wannan harka irin wannan kwafin na lasisi da aka bayar da izini).

- Haramtacciyar kwashe na software zuwa kafofin yada labaran waje (woje, memory cards) domin rarraba (ko sayar), amma a cikin wannan hali wani kwafin ba za a bayar ga asali.

- Kwafi da kuma sayar da software sassa na su m aiwatar da hardware (ko bundled da wasu shirye-shirye).

- Sales na sirri kwamfutar shigar unlicensed software.

- The yin amfani da wadanda ba kasuwanci software kasuwanci dalilai. A bukatarsa software saya tare da wani ilimi lasisi ko wani lasisi da wata iyaka kasuwanci amfani (a cikin wannan harka keta lasisi sharuddan). A wannan tallafi, jawabi zuwa makarantun, kamar yadda mai mulkin, musamman da rangwamen.

- Factory satar - for sale unaccounted domin surpluses da kuma "halaka" da gudanar da shuka ta fitarwa. Wannan irin satar faruwa a lokacin da shuka samar da mafi yawan kofe na samfurin, fiye da da dama (ko a yanayin saukan extinguishing remnants consignment). Irin kayayyakin da ake gani ba, da daga baya ba bisa ka'ida ba a sayar.

Legal Dalili na fasaha data kariya

Fasaha kariya na bayanai dangane da wadannan dokokin:

- "The kariya daga samun dama marar izini ga bayanai da ma'anar sharuddan.". Shugaban Rasha Jihar fasaha da Hukumar yanke shawara (30.03.1992).

- "sarrafa kansa Systems Technology Information Kariya a cikin hali na samun dama marar izini ga wani mai sarrafa kansa rarrabuwa tsarin da bayanai tsaro bukatun ..." Shugaban Rasha Jihar fasaha da Hukumar yanke shawara (30.03.1992).

- "Computer kayan aiki Firewalls Kare da samun dama marar izini kariya Manuniya da samun dama marar izini ga bayanai ...." Shugaban Rasha Jihar fasaha da Hukumar yanke shawara (25.07.1997).

- "kariya na bayanai tsarin alaka samun dama marar izini zuwa software kayayyakin aiki na bayanai tsaro rarrabuwa matakin na iko da rashi na undeclared siffofin ..." Shugaban Rasha Jihar fasaha da Hukumar yanke shawara (04.06.1999).

Ya kamata a tuna da cewa fasaha kariya na bayanai a halin yanzu an talauci dai da aiki. A wasu kalmomin, da karshen yana da wani m hanyoyin warware yau.

Bayani dalla-dalla na matsaloli a shirya da fasaha kariya

- The manyan yawan abubuwan da tasiri da gina wani tasiri bayanai tsaro.

- Matsalolin a kafa ainihin asali shigar da bayanai.

- Matsalolin a ilmin lissafi da hanyoyi samu ganiya results for da tara shigar da bayanai.

da definition manufar dukiyar ilimi matsala

Anchored da dokokin shari'a na bayanai da kuma hikimar haƙƙoƙin mallaka na iya ba mayalwaci tilasta su. Bugu da kari ga na farko zamba akwai wasu yanayi inda wani bayani da tsare wannan dama in cika ne kawai ba zai yiwu saboda ta shubuha.

Alal misali, daya daga cikin matsala al'amurran da suka shafi cewa sanin da doka matsayin na kariya da bayanai ne a baya da aikin injiniya da software xa'a (shirin gyara, samun keys, da yin amfani da lissafi mai tsauri da kuma fitarwa, da kuma sauran masu zaman kansu bayanai). A daya hannun, kuma baya da aikin injiniya da software da hidima a matsayin mai amfani ilimi kayan aiki, a kan sauran - shi ne a matsayin wani tauye hakkin mallaka to software code. Don kwanan wata, babu bayanai game da yunkurin tabbatar a kotu da inganci na la'anta daga baya aikin injiniya. Wadannan rikice-rikice ba a warware a kotu, kuma idan dai halin da ake ciki bai canza, da muhawara game da, haramun da kuma xa'a na feedback software ci gaba zai ci gaba.