Girgijen kwamfuta

Kwanan nan, cikin cibiyar sadarwa more kuma mafi kowa da maganganu kamar "girgijen" da "gajimare sarrafa kwamfuta." Da alama cewa Trend zuwa da yin amfani da irin wannan ayyuka ne samun lokacinta. Bari mu yi kokarin gane abin da ake nufi da wadannan Concepts.

Saboda haka, abin da yake girgije sarrafa kwamfuta (girgijen sarrafa kwamfuta)? Wannan duka ra'ayi da ya shafi kaddamar da kuma aiwatar da aikace-aikace a wani taga wani misali web browser a kan na gida na'ura, yayin da shirye-shirye da kansu da bayanai zuwa aiki a kan wani m uwar garken located wani wuri a cikin sararin cibiyar sadarwa.

A wasu kalmomin, girgije sarrafa kwamfuta - shi ne mai software da kuma hardware, wanda shi ne samuwa ga mai amfani da ta cikin gida ko na waje duniya cibiyar sadarwa a matsayin mai hidima, wanda ya sa ya yiwu don amfani da kasaftawa albarkatun (data, software, sarrafa kwamfuta albarkatun) ta amfani da yanar gizo ke dubawa da kuma m damar.

A gida kwamfuta mai amfani da zama a cikin wannan hali wani al'ada m cewa an haɗa da cibiyar sadarwa. Wadanda sabobin cewa yin girgije sarrafa kwamfuta, da ake kira girgije sarrafa kwamfuta. Load a kan inji, wanda suke kunshe a wani "girgije", an rarraba ta atomatik. Saboda haka, girgije sarrafa kwamfuta wakiltar wani supercomputer, wanda wani lokacin hada da manya-manyan yawan inji.

A sauki misali na girgije sarrafa kwamfuta ne tsara networks (P2P, ko tsara-to-tsara). A ra'ayin nasa ne John McCarthy. Shi ne ya yi farko da shawarar da baya a shekarar 1960 cewa "m kayan aikin" Za a yi amfani a nan gaba ga kwamfuta lissafin. Duk da haka, kamar kowane fasahar, girgije sarrafa kwamfuta ne undeniable matsayin amfani ko rashin amfani m.

abũbuwan amfãni:

• rage bukatun ga PC sarrafa kwamfuta albarkatun (shi wajibi ne kawai da ciwon daman amfani da cibiyar sadarwa).
• tsaro.
• laifi haƙuri.
• gudun data aiki.
• Ajiye sarari a kan rumbun kwamfutarka.
• m makamashi ta halin kaka, tabbatarwa, software da kuma hardware.

"Cloud sarrafa kwamfuta" Disadvantages:

• fitowan monopolies, samar da ayyuka a cikin wannan yanki.
• dogara da bayanan mai amfani aminci daga girgije, kamfanin.

A halin yanzu, girgije sarrafa kwamfuta ne yadu amfani da daban-daban kamfanoni. A karin misalin wannan shi ne aikin Google Docs, wanda shi ne sanannen domin giant offers da masu amfani. Yana da damar web browser da aiki tare da wani ofishin takardun.

A halin yanzu, kamfanin Yahoo!, Intel kuma HP sun kafa wata duniya Cloud kwamfuta Test Bed bude kwamfuta Lab, wanda yake rufe da yawa yankunan. Manufar wannan aiki - bincike da ci gaban a filin na girgije sarrafa kwamfuta.

Yana ba ya zama a yayin da kuma Microsoft. Tun Yuli 2012, Rasha fara aikin hukuma tallace-tallace na Windows Azure girgije tsarin aiki. Google ma fito da ta girgije tsarin aiki, da ake kira - Google Chrome OS.

Daga cikin sauran irin wannan OS kamata a lura da ido OS, iCloud, Cloudo, CorneliOS, Ghost.cc, Glide OS kuma iCube OOS. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2012, a jami'ar Tsinghua, wanda aka located in Beijing, girgije TransOS aka ɓullo. A banbamta alama ce ta wannan sabon samfurin shi ne cewa shi ne, kamar yadda suka faɗa, developers za su iya sarrafa ba kawai kwakwalwa, amma kuma masana'antu kayan aiki da iyali kayan, kamar injin wankin tufafin da refrigerators. shi ne kuma cikakke ga hannu da na'urorin.

Cloud ajiya na samar da wani kyakkyawan zarafi ga masu amfani da suka rasa sarari a kan rumbunka don adana duk da bayanai a cikin cibiyar sadarwa. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da dama mai iyaka da yake da cikakken free. Ka lura da waɗannan m ajiya kamar Dropbox (2GB free), wani e-Disk (rumfa flash drive 4GB), Google Drive (5 GB free), iCloud (for Apple magoya), Microsoft SkyDrive da Yandex.Disk.

Kamar yadda zamu iya gani, girgije sarrafa kwamfuta tare da girgije ajiya sun zama wani bangare na rayuwar mu. Hujja da wannan shi ne gaskiyar cewa bisa ga TAdviser, a 2014, kudaden shiga daga daban-daban girgije sabis adadin zuwa dala biliyan 148,8.