Gogayya - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci Concepts na kuzarin kawo cikas. Me ka sani game da shi?

A lokacin da ya makaranta shekaru, a cikin bakwai ko takwas sa, kowane mutum ya saba da wani sabon ra'ayi na tsauri kimiyyar lissafi - gogayya. Amma da yawa, kamar yadda manya, manta da cewa irin wannan gogayya da kuma yadda wannan ikon aikatawa. Bari mu yi kokarin fahimtar wannan topic.

A definition

Gogayya - wani sabon abu da yalwaci da wadannan ma'anoni: Lokacin da biyu jikin su ne a lamba tare da juna a batu na lamba Forms musamman hulda da cewa ya hana gawarwakin ci gaba da motsa zumunta da juna. A bayyane yake, za mu iya lissafta da darajar da hulda da waɗannan jikuna. A frictional karfi kawai bayan wannan dauki da kuma characterizes quantitatively. Lokacin da gogayya ya auku tsakanin m jikuna (msl, da hulda da littafin da wani littafi shiryayye ko tebur da apple), sa'an nan irin wannan hulda kira bushe gogayya.

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa gogayya - shi ne ƙarfin wani electromagnetic yanayi. Wannan yana nufin cewa cikin hanyar wannan hulda sojojin tsakanin barbashi cewa yin up wani musamman jiki.

Mene ne gogayya?

Saboda bambancin data kasance a cikin duniyar abubuwa, za ka iya sanin cewa kowane daga cikinsu na da tsarin da kuma yana da mutum Properties. Wannan yana nufin cewa hulda tsakanin daban-daban batutuwa zai zama daban-daban. Domin a daidai fahimtar da jigon da m bayani da matsaloli da yawa a cikin kimiyyar lissafi ne conventionally raba nau'i uku na gogayya. Saboda haka, za mu bayyana kowane dabam:

• A farko gogayya - wannan gogayya da sauran, wanda ya auku a lokacin da babu wani zumunta motsi na biyu a jikinsu. Mun iya ganin misalai na da shi a ko'ina, saboda karfi generated da wannan gogayya, rike abubuwa a balance. Alal misali, dukiya a kan wani motsi na'ura mai bel, wani ƙusa kore a cikin bangon, ko da wani mutum tsaye a kan bene.
• Zamiya gogayya - mai matukar biyu gogayya. Zamewa darajar aka ƙaddara haka da cewa lokacin da jiki yayin da shi ne a cikin ma'auni, da karfi ne amfani da shi ne mafi girma daga karfi na canzawa gogayya, da karfi fara aiki zamiya gogayya, da kuma jiki ne koma daga wuri.
• A karshe, mirgina gogayya bayanin hulda na biyu jikinsu, daya daga wanda rolls a farfajiya na wani. Bambanci a cikin mirgina gogayya da zamiya saboda gaskiyar cewa ga wani yunkuri na jiki yanki suna gudun hijira tare da tsawon lamba surface, kuma maimakon karya sabon intermolecular shaidu suna kafa. Kuma a cikin akwati inda dabaran Rolls ba tare da slipping, kwayoyin shaidu da dabaran daga rabo karya da yawa fiye da lokacin da zamiya. Sai dai itace cewa da ikon mirgina gogayya ne kasa da zamiya sojojin.

Inda kuma yadda za ka iya amfani da gogayya?

Gogayya - shine sabon abu, ba tare da wanda za mu ba su iya yi na asali abubuwa: to tafiya, zauna ko kawai don ci gaba da abubuwa a hannuwansu. Sabõda haka, kada rashin sanin cikakken farashi da darajar gogayya. A cikin kalmomin da Faransa likita Guillaume: "Kada ku zama gogayya, mu duniya zai zama ba tare da wani roughness, zai zama kamar wani digo na ruwa."

Zai yiwu misali mafi kyau na cewa mafi daidai ya bayyana gogayya - shi ne aikin da ƙafafun. Ko a zamanin da aka lura da cewa sojojin na mirgina gogayya ne da yawa kasa da zamiya gogayya sojojin. Yana da wani undeniable amfani da mirgina gogayya shi ne dalilin da, cewa mutane suka fara sa wani log ko rollers don matsar da nauyi da kuma oversized kaya. A tsawon lokaci, mutane inganta ilmi game da ban mamaki Properties na mirgina gogayya, ya lura da motsi na abubuwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar frictional sojojin, kuma a karshe ƙirƙira da dabaran! A zamani duniya ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin rayuwa ba tare da wadannan muhimman sassa, saboda ƙafafun - wannan shi ne karo na biyu da "injuna" na wani abin hawa!

Yadda yin lissafi da darajar da gogayya da karfi?

Kamar yadda da wani karfi, da karfi na gogayya yana da lamba dabi'u. Domin a daidai ƙayyade nawa karfi ake bukata don matsar da ko sauran iri aiki, shi wajibi ne yin lissafi da karfi na canzawa gogayya. Wannan yawanci hannu injiniyoyi, a lokacin da, misali, gina masana'antu, ko ƙirƙira sabon na'urorin. Duk da haka, ko da talakawa dalibai fuskanci wani yawan kalubale, inda kana so ka lissafi da gogayya da karfi. Saboda haka, yin lissafi da darajar, ku kawai bukatar amfani da sauki dabara: F _gogayya = K * N, inda k - ne coefficient na gogayya. Ma'anar duk coefficients dogara ko da yaushe a kan surface daga cikin abu, wanda motsa ta ko interacts tare da jiki. "N" a jiki a cikin dabara ne ƙasa dauki karfi. Yana dogara da farko a jiki nauyi, wanda shi ne a lamba tare da goyon bayan surface.

Mun lissafta tamanin da karfi a cikin matsala

Ya ɗauka m = jiki nauyi na 3 kg ne a kan kwance jirgin. A coefficient na gogayya tsakanin itace katako da kuma jiki ne 0.3. Yaya za ka samu darajar da karfi na gogayya? Very sauki, kawai ya bukatar ya musanya mu dabi'u a cikin dabara. Kawai shi wajibi ne don la'akari da cewa a cikin wannan harka N ne daidai da jiki nauyi (na 3rd Newton ta dokar). Saboda haka, so da karfi ne daidai da (m * g) * k = ( 3 * 10 kg m / s ²⁾ * 0.3 = 9 H.