Hemostatic jamiái. Hemostatic jamiái a gynecology

Popular sau da yawa a cikin mu yi likita ma'aikatan tsakiyar manajoji da za a magance hemorrhages na daban-daban sarrafawa. A musamman, a cikin yara da manya - da baka, bayan da kau da hakora - tare da gingival da sauransu. Yau tambaya daban-daban hemostatics: igiyar ciki na jini, capillary raunuka na hanci da sauran shafukan. Kan bango da dama pathologies ci gaba cuta kamar jimlace. Alal misali, lokacin da aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura cuta, da kuma sauran kapillyarotoksikoz. Next, za mu fahimci, abin da su ne hemostatic kwayoyi a yau.

Overview

Abin da ya haddasa zub da jini? Wannan yanayin ne sakamakon wani warwarewarsu da aminci a cikin manyan tasoshin ko capillaries. Damage iya lalacewa ta hanyar ci gaban da marurai, rauni, rashi na jini clotting. Sau da yawa, a lokacin da mai kaifi ciki kwarara hemostatic kwayoyi suna gudanar kai tsaye a kan tabo ko a aiwatar da jigilar azabtar zuwa asibiti.

coagulation dalilai

Abun Lura nuna cewa a cikin ciki pathologies bango zub da jini cuta ne ya sa, yafi a cikin coagulation tsarin. The matakai a cikinta akwai quite hadaddun cascade na events. Yana daukan 13 dalilai da hannu, ba a jini, da kuma fiye da dozin - kunshe a platelets. A mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu akwai: fibrinogen, prothrombin, prothrombin hira factor, da factor na lamba kuma antihemophilic globulin. Saboda fibrinolytic (anticoagulant) jini tsarin yana kiyaye a cikin ruwa a jihar.

A Sanadin keta

Zub da jini a yi, yawanci suna lalacewa ta hanyar rashi ko kuma wani coagulation factor, misali, a cikin kwayar hepatitis, jaundice inji type, hemophilia ko rage platelet kirga (da ciwo Verlgofa, da aplastic anemia da kuma sauran pathologies). Sau da yawa karami mahara thrombosis a capillaries aiki a matsayin mai jawo. Su halittu farfadowa tare da kara overruns na wasu clotting dalilai da platelets. Wannan, bi da bi, take kaiwa zuwa wani hemorrhagic ciwo. A irin wannan tsarin da ake lura a bango na tsanani yanayin da tura (cardiogenic, traumatic), guba, sepsis (bayan m zubar da ciki a hada), babbar tiyata, musamman a lokacin da m transfussion. A baya can, wannan wani pathological yanayin bayyana a matsayin "fibrinliticheskaya zub da jini." A halin yanzu, shi ne ake kira da ciwo na intravascular kowa microcoagulation.

Jiyya: Overview

A da kyau-zaba hemostatic wakili a cikin igiyar ciki na jini, da na gida capillary lalacewar tasiri cikin damuwa farko hemostasis. A general, m far shafi yin amfani da daya, a rare lokuta, biyu kwayoyi a cikin mafi kyau duka dosages. Alal misali, lokacin da hemophilic zub da jini amfani da ko dai sabo jini jiko wakili "Kriopretsipiat". Kuma kwayoyi kamar "Vikasol" ko alli chloride, a irin haka ba su shafi. Shafa kashi a cikin hemostatic tsarin za a iya ƙaddara daidai da riga anamnestic data da kuma bayyanar cututtuka gano a lokacin jarrabawa na haƙuri. A wannan batun, kafin far, ya kamata ka gane Farawa na take hakki. Duk da haka hemostatic Topical shirye-shirye suna da damar amfani da a wani waje jijiyoyin bugun gini raunuka na mucous membranes. Medicaments iya zama m, ko da wani gwada da iyaka kewayon mataki. Akwai, misali, hemostatic kwayoyi for basur. Siffofin magunguna ne ma daban-daban. Lokacin da sarrafawa da lalacewa a cikin hanji yankin, msl, ya dace a yi amfani da hemostatic kyandirori. A wasu lokuta, mafi tasiri, mafita ko Allunan. Alal misali, hemostatics haila akai-akai samuwa a kwamfutar hannu tsari ko a capsules.

Medicine "Vikasol"

Wannan medicament ne a ruwa mai narkewa roba analog na K-bitamin. Wannan magani taimaka wajen dakatar da irin wannan zub da jini ne kawai, wanda shi ne saboda rage yawan abun ciki na prothrombin. Wannan, bi da bi, ya tsokani da rashi na K-bitamin. Medicament "Vikasol" stimulates kira na prothrombin da hanta Kwayoyin. By da alamomi ga yin amfani da wannan kayan aiki sun hada da hemostatic cuta a cirrhosis, hepatitis, hanta koda ciwo, obstructive jaundice. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi bada shawarar ga zub da jini a kan bango na wani yawan abin sama na anticoagulants na kai tsaye ba mataki (kwayoyi "pelentan", "neodikumarina" da sauransu). Magani ba ya nuna inganci a cutar thrombocytopenic purpura da hemophilia. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da wasu tasiri a climacteric da na yara igiyar ciki, zub da jini miki. A mataki na miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka lura ba a baya fiye 12-18 sa'o'i bayan gwamnati. Kamar da yawa hemostatic wakili ga igiyar ciki na jini, medicament "Vikasol" yana samuwa a cikin kwamfutar hannu tsari da kuma yadda wani bayani. Na baka magani shawarar da 0,015 g / 2-3 p / rana. Hemostatic injections "Vikasol" gudanar intramuscularly 1 ml na daya da kashi bayani ne 1-2 p / rana, a jere don har zuwa kwanaki hudu (saboda thrombosis m). Contraindications don yin amfani da medicament hada da tsokar zuciya infarction (m) thrombosis, ta ƙara coagulability.

bitamin P

Wannan kayan aiki ne mai sa na shayi catechins. Vitamin P slows hyaluronidase aiki (da shi dissolves connective tushe a cikin capillary bango), Munã rage da ɗan gaggautsa da kuma kananan zamo kamar jijiyoyin bugun gini permeability. Tare da wannan bitamin E hana hadawan abu da iskar shaka na ascorbic acid. Shi ne kuma firming sakamako a kan capillary bango. Mafi na kowa miyagun ƙwayoyi-miyagun ƙwayoyi bitamin P an dauke su "Rutin". Yana da wani ruwa-insoluble foda greenish-yellow launi. Medicine "Rutin" wasu har rage tsananin hemorrhagic rash a kan bango da cutar da kuma thrombocytopenic purpura kapillyarotoksikoz. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne nuna ga retinal hemorrhage, kyanda, kwayan endocarditis, da mulufi zazzabi. A cikin aikace-aikace na bitamin P wuya ya auku thrombosis, babu contraindications. Samar medicament a kwamfutar hannu tsari a tsarkake form ta 0.02 g, da kuma a hade tare da ascorbic acid (yana nufin "Ascorutin") (0.5 g na kowane bangaren). Manya medicament shawarar sashi na 0.02-0.05 gr / 3 r / d.

Epsilon-aminocaproic acid

Wannan wakili shi ne a cikin wani nau'i na fari crystalline foda. The abu ne m, kuma odorless, sosai narkewa a cikin ruwa. Epsilon aminocaproic acid yana da m haemostatic sakamako (na gida da kuma janar dabi'u), fibrinolytic aiki slowing Tsarin. Tare da wannan medicament rage tryptic aiki da nuna narkewa kamar juices. Epsilon aminocaproic acid da aka nuna ga gingival, hanci, hanji, ciki, na Tuddan, koda hemorrhage na daban-daban yanayi bayyana, a lokacin da Verlgofa ciwo, hemophilia, anemia da kuma aplastic bayan igiyar ciki curettage ciki har da. Karkashin kwari-jihar yanayi, magani da ake amfani da bayan tiyata a yankin na huhu, prostate, a bai kai ba detachment kullum ayi mahaifa. Nada ta hanyar da ciki na 3-5 g / 3-4 p / rana. Don wanke saukar da foda shawarar zaki ruwa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, epsilon-aminocaproic acid da aka gabatar da bolus da jiko cikin jijiya da 100 ml. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi nasarar amfani for gida hemostasis a zub da jini daga hanci mucosa ko rijiyoyin bayan kau da hakori. A wannan yanayin da foda aka yafa masa yalwa da abin ya shafa tabo. Kan bango da na baka medicament ba irritating da narkewa kamar fili. A sosai rare lokuta, marasa lafiya na iya kai ƙarar tashin zuciya. Bayan igiyar jini gwamnati, matsakaicin sakamako ne lura bayan 1-4 hours. Epsilon aminocaproic acid yana contraindications. Wadannan sun hada da, musamman, sun hada da na koda gazawar (m hanya), thromboses.

Medical gelatin

Collagen hydrolyzate ne a colorless, gelatinous salla ko yellowish ganye. Kan bango na igiyar jini miyagun ƙwayoyi inganta jini danko, platelet stickiness. Wannan na tabbatar da isasshe m da kuma pronounced haemostatic sakamako a lokuta na ciki na jini. Wadannan sun hada da, da sauransu, hada da intrapleural, kuma gastrointestinal. The karami sakamako ne lura a cikin vasculature na mucous raunuka. Kamar yadda wani gefen dauki abubuwa a matsayin wani alerji. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi, yafi sanya drip intravenously a kashi na 50-100 ml pre-warmed zuwa 37 digiri bayani. Samar medicament a ampoules na 10 ml na goma bisa dari gelatin a kashi biyar bisa dari sodium chloride.

Fibrinogen K3 ko M2

Wannan magani an adam jini, na clotting factor. Ana amfani da a afibrinogemicheskih zub da jini. Drip gudanar intravenously (rana zuwa 1.8-2 gr. Dry abu). Nan da nan kafin amfani da foda an narkar da a Saline (bakararre) bayani, wanda zafin jiki ne 25-30 digiri. Jiko aka yi tare da m kasancewar wani tace tsarin kamar yadda a cikin bayani za a iya gano ta hanyar abubuwa na insoluble gina jiki. Ba sanya jiko a tsokar zuciya infarction (m), thrombophlebitis.

Medicine "Trasylol"

Wannan shiri da aka samu daga dabbõbi parotid gland. A medicament ne iya slowing da ci gaban intravascular microcoagulation da trypsin manne. Sanya ga zub da jini rakiyar m nama rauni, post-kwamin na tara da zubar da ciki, da m da cutar sankarar bargo irin (promyelocytic, misali) da kuma sauran jihohi. Sashi 10-20 dubu. Ed igiyar jini jiko da rana domin 1-2 sau a kashi biyar bisa dari glucose bayani (ko Saline). Yawanci, gwamnati na medicament ne da za'ayi a cikin keken yanayi. Magani ana amfani da kullum da kuma m siffofin pancreatitis, mumps. Daga cikin mafi kowa illa ne: alerji zuwa anaphylactic buga, kazalika da phlebitis a shafin na gwamnati.

protamine sulfate

Wannan gina jiki wanda aka samu wanda yake iya kafa tare da heparin da thromboplastin insoluble gidaje. Prescribers jinni bayan haihuwa tsokani hyperheparinemia. Ta, bi da bi, shi ne sakamakon wani yawan abin sama ko ya karu samar da na ciki heparin. Magani na samar da wani isasshe m (a cikin 1-2 hours), dakatar da jini ya kwarara. Yawanci, a daya bisa dari bayani ne allura a cikin wani juz'i na 5 ml intramuscularly ko intravenously. Idan ya cancanta, da allura da aka yi a sake bayan minti 15. A lokacin far amfani da protamine sulfate kamata samar da iko clotting lokaci. A medicament kerarre a ampoules biyar milliliters na daya da kashi bayani.

Magani "Gemofobin"

Wannan shi ne gwada da rauni styptic for basur. Yana yana amfani intramuscularly, da baki ko topically. A sashi a lokacin gudanar da baki 1 tebur. cokali 2-3 p / rana. Intramuscularly sanya 5 ml 1.5% bayani. A medicament "Gemofobin", kamar sauran hemostatic kwayoyi, akwai a 5 ml ampoules kuma vials na 150 milliliters.

Medicine "Adrokson"

Wannan medicament ne orange foda da ciwon wani dandano da wari. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi farfado inganci a capillary zub da jini saboda kananan raunuka bayan da hakori hakar, tonsillectomy. Used 0,025% bayani daga wetting tampons da intramuscular injections akai-akai kafin, a lokacin da kuma bayan da shisshigi. A miyagun ƙwayoyi ne tasiri da kuma LCD zub da jini. Samar medicament a ampoules na 1 ml na 0,025%.

Medicine "Etamsylate"

Wannan magani taimaka wajen inganta platelet aiki, Munã rage capillary permeability. Shawarar medicament domin lura da kuma rigakafin da jijiyoyin bugun gini cuta bayan hakori hakar, tonsillectomy. Don hada da karatu da kuma na hanji da kuma huhu hemorrhage. Matsakaicin tsawon na sakamako na 1-2 hours lokacin da allura a cikin wani jijiya, da kuma 3 hours - ingestion. A prophylactic magani gudanar intramuscularly ko da baki. Don kawar zub da jini a cikin jijiya ko tsoka gudanar 2-4 ml, sa'an nan kowane 4-6 hours a 2 ml. Samuwa magani a kwamfutar hannu tsari da 0.25 grams. a 2 ml ampoules a wani 12.5% bayani.

ganye

A warkar Properties na shuke-shuke da aka sani tun lokacin da. Magani ganye a cikin nau'i na ya'ya gabatar a da yawa hemostatic magunguna. Aiwatar da wannan hemostatic jamiái a lokacin nauyi haila cuta, sarrafa a wasu yankunan. Samuwa a cikin da dama daga tinctures, ruwa da kuma barasa, kwayoyi, saukad. Masana sun sau da yawa amfani hemostatic jamiái a gynecology. Musamman a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma a lokacin lactation. Duk da haka, su yi amfani da hemostatic a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma lokacin da ciyar kamata ya mai da hankali kada su cutar da ba a haifa ba.

tincture lagohilusa

Wannan kayan aiki ya ƙunshi tannins da latohilin. Tincture yana da wani ya haramta motsa (matsakaici) sakamako a kan coagulation tsarin da haske kwantad da hankali. Yana shafi shi a matsayin hemostatic a lokacin haila, nosebleeds. An shawarar zuwa ingest wani teaspoon na wani goma bisa dari bayani daga ruwa (0.25 kofuna waɗanda) a rana 3-4 sau. Kamar yadda wani gefen sakamako yana bayyana laxative moderately. A rigar bayani tampons iya amfani da ko dai da hemorrhoidal epistaxis.

Tsantsa daga nettle ganye

Wannan yana nufin qunshi wani bitamin K, ascorbic acid, tannins. Shawarar tsantsa hanji, koda igiyoyin a cikin ciwo na thrombocytopenic purpura. Nettles dauke da yawa hemostatic jamiái, da nauyi sananniya kuma sauran jijiyoyin bugun gini raunuka amfani.

A ganye milfoil (ruwa tsantsa)

Wannan bayani ya ƙunshi resins da kuma tannins, ascorbic acid, alkaloids. Don bunkasa sakamako, a wasu lokuta a hade hemostatic kwayoyi. Lokacin da nauyi hailar lokaci ne da muhimmanci musamman. A irin wannan yanayi, mai matukar tasiri ganye Yarrow kuma nettle tsame.

The ruwa tsantsa daga barkono

Ya ƙunshi rutin, quercetin. Kamar wasu sauran hemostatic jamiái a lokacin nauyi haila, barkono tsantsa ƙunshi tannins. An shawarar zuwa 30-40 saukad da sau uku a rana. Pepper tsantsa aka dauke a cikin medicament "Anestezol" (kyandirori).

gida magunguna

Yawanci, yin amfani da irin wannan hemostatic jamiái for cuts. Su ba ka damar da sauri kuma yadda ya kamata su kawar da take hakki. Su za a iya amfani da gaggawa. Akwai liyãfa hemostatic jamiái ga raunin da ya faru. Next, la'akari da wasu daga cikin gida magani.

hemostatic soso

Wannan shiri na mutum jini. A hemostatic soso ne ba thromboplastin da alli chloride. Karshe yana da kyau sakamako a gida gingival, hanci, hemorrhoidal zub da jini. Daga bakararre soso yanki da aka raba da kuma amfani da abin ya shafa pre-bushe rabo. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne tam guga man wani gauze kushin. A rana daga baya remnants kafa fibrin fim da gefuna a hankali cire. Zauna soso warware da kansa don 20-30 kwanaki. Sauran sharan daga bude akwati da soso za a iya amfani ne kawai bayan resterilization. Contraindications da miyagun ƙwayoyi samuwa.

thrombin

Wannan shiri na mutum jini ne mai sako-sako da fari-m taro. Gabatar da wani canji mai kara kuzari dauki na fibrinogen zuwa fibrin, da medicament exerts wani kai tsaye hemostatic sakamako. Thrombin aka yi amfani ne kawai ga gida capillary lalacewa daban-daban yanayi bayyana, bayan da kau da wani hakori da. Bakararre vial ne ya bude kafin amfani, shi an saka a cikin Saline (10-15 ml) a dakin da zazzabi. Da zarar thrombin bayani, wani tampon impregnated tare da wannan cakuda da kuma tam ga lalace yankin. Bayan da tsayawa da zub da jini na ta a hankali cire by soaking da Saline don kauce wa sake rauni.

Fibrin film

A shirye-shiryen da mutum ko dabba (shanu) jini. Ya ƙunshi thromboplastin. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da wani matsakaici hemostatic sakamako. Fibrin film da ake amfani a gida raunuka a mucous membrane. Kafin amfani da bakararre gwajin tube aka bude, da fim an cire. Next, shi an wanke da Saline ko abin hawa "penicillin" ko "rivanol". Bayan nan, da medicament ne amfani da lalace surface. Lokacin amfani fibrin fim na iya ci gaba da wani alerji.