Kamar yadda wani multimeter zuwa zobe capacitor: Umarnin da tukwici

Daya daga cikin na kowa Sanadin gazawar da kayan lantarki ne gazawar da daya ko fiye capacitors, wanda ya samar da wani ~ angare na ta jirgin. Kuma zuwa ga gano abin da daidai kasance mai rauni mahada capacitor, shi wajibi ne su duba su yi. Wannan labarin ya bayyana yadda za a prozvanivatsya capacitor. Ko da ko da kuke tsunduma a Electronics da fasaha, ko kawai a fan, ku ne quite wani karfi. Don yin wannan, za ka bukatar wani multimeter. Kasa muka dubi yadda za a duba capacitor multimeter mallaka.

Iri capacitors da su tabbaci

Kafin mu fahimci yadda za a multimeter zuwa yi ringi capacitor, bari mu ga abin da iri capacitors wanzu. All capacitors kasu kashi na iyakacin duniya da kuma wadanda ba na iyakacin duniya. Bambanci tsakanin su ta'allaka ne da cewa iyakacin duniya, kamar yadda za ka iya tsammani daga sunan, da polarity. Dubawa su ya zama wajibi a daidai: "da" to "da", "debe" to "debe", kamar yadda in ba haka ba su za su lalace, kuma yana iya fashewa. Duk iyakacin duniya electrolytic capacitors ne. Idan capacitor Soviet zamanin, lokacin da fashewa daga cikin electrolyte iya samun cikin da ka fata. Modern capacitors domin irin haka yana da wani musamman giciye sashe a kan surface wanda ta kasance an tsãge a wani takamaiman shugabanci da kuma sa da conductive abu yayyafa a daban-daban kwatance.

Ta yaya wannan gwajin, shi ya dogara da yanayin da lalacewa a matsayin wani multimeter duba a kan wasan kwaikwayon na condenser a hanyoyi biyu: a cikin juriya ji yanayin, ta dielectric da kuma aunawa iyãwarsa.

capacitor fashewa

Mafi na kowa matsala ne capacitor dielectric fashewa. Dielectric - a Layer na kaya tsakanin biyu conductors cikin capacitor wanda yana da babban juriya su hana halin yanzu yayyo tsakanin conductors.

A dace capacitor yarda a kananan halin yanzu wucewa ta cikin insulator, shi ne ake kira "yayyo halin yanzu", kuma shi ne negligible. A fashewa da dielectric, ta juriya saukad da cika fuska, da kuma, a gaskiya, da shi ya jũya a cikin wani talakawa shugaba. A dalilin wannan fashewa, yawanci ne mai kaifi ƙarfin lantarki digo a cikin cibiyar sadarwa zuwa wanda da kayan aiki an haɗa. A halayyar ãyõyi hada da kumburi da rashin lafiya na capacitor jiki, ta duhun da kuma bayyanar baki aibobi. Kafin ka duba condenser don gyara, duba shi gani na waje lahani.

Duba maras iyakacin duniya capacitor a ohmmeter yanayin

Dubawa multimeter dielectric juriya a cikin condenser ne da za'ayi a cikin wani ohmmeter yanayin. A ba-iyakacin duniya dielectric capacitors iya sanya na gilashi, tukwane, takarda, ko ma a cikin nau'i na wani iska Layer. Wannan na samar da wani musamman high impedance, da kuma capacitor dace dijital multimeter so kusan iyaka darajar. Idan lantarki rashin lafiya ya auku, da matakin da juriya zai kasance a cikin 'yan ohms, a kalla da dama dubun.

Kafin multimeter ping condenser, kunna mita m yanayin, sa shi a kan mafi girma zai yiwu matakin da juriya ji. Matsa zuwa ƙarshen capacitor bincike multimeter kuma dubi nuni idan capacitor ne OK, edinichka akwai kamata bayyana, ya nuna cewa da juriya shi ne mafi girma fiye da matsakaicin. Idan mita bayyana a bangon nuni ga wani takamaiman darajar kasa da mita high, to, yana iya zama mai nuni da gazawar da capacitor karkashin gwajin.

Zama sane da aminci, kuma kada ku riƙe a lokaci guda kuma ga bincike daga cikin na'urar da capacitor tashoshi, kamar yadda saboda kasa jure lantarki halin yanzu ke ta jikinka.

Dubawa iyakacin duniya capacitor a ohmmeter yanayin

Idan aka kwatanta da nonpolar capacitors a iyakacin duniya dielectric juriya ne da yawa kasa, don haka matsakaicin juriya multimeter ne Dole a saka dace. Mafi yawan waɗannan capacitors da a kalla 100 ohms juriya, da kuma musamman m zuwa 1 Moma. Kafin multimeter zuwa zobe capacitor, rufe drive tashoshi to sallame shi gaba daya.

By saitin dace dokin ji na'urar gama bincike da capacitor, yayin da mutunta polarity. Electrolytic capacitors suna da gwada manyan iya aiki, sabili da haka, a lokacin da aka haɗa, su nan da nan za a fara cajin. A wannan lokacin, yayin da ake tuhuma, da juriya zai zama kai tsaye na gwargwado ga karuwa, wanda za a nuna a kan na'urar allo. A capacitor za a iya daukan serviceable a mafi yawan lokuta, a lokacin da juriya wuce da maki na 100 ohms.

Kamar yadda multimeter ping capacitor (analogue mita)

A wannan hanya za a iya yi ta amfani da akwatin tilbijin na analog (kiran sauri) mita. Da damar da electrolytic capacitor za a iya ƙaddara da gudun da kayan aiki akan motsi a cikin babban gefen. A hankali dabba ba a kanta kibiya, da ya fi tsayi caji capacitor da haka, saboda haka, fiye da iyãwarsa. Idan akwati ne daga 1 zuwa 100 microfarad (uF), da allura kai dama gefen kira na sauri kusan nan take. Lokacin da damar 1000 uF ta hanyar iya daukar 'yan seconds.

Kamar yadda wani multimeter zuwa zobe capacitor: don tabbatar da damar da kantin sayar da wa'azi

Ko da yake capacitors sukan bari tare da wani ohmmeter, mafi dogara hanyar sanin da serviceability ne dauke da ji na iya aiki. Wuce kima yayyo (ciki har da saboda rashin lafiya) a cikin electrolytic capacitor take kaiwa zuwa wani m asarar damar da ta ainihin darajar ne ba daidai da bayyana a kan drive gidaje. By aunawa da juriya na capacitor, yana da wuya a tantance da aibi, wannan na bukatar damar mita. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa ba dukan multimeters yana da irin wannan aiki, don haka ka tabbata cewa na'urarka ne iya yin irin wannan ji.

Kafin dubawa da electrolytic capacitor haka, shi ne cikakken zama dole don cikar sallame. Cajin capacitor iya kawai halakarwa your multimeter. Wannan shi ne musamman gaskiya iyakacin duniya tafiyarwa tare da babban aiki irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma babban capacitance. Yawanci, wadannan capacitors ana amfani da bugun jini raka'a kamar yadda tace tafiyarwa.

capacitor sallama

Domin low-ƙarfin lantarki capacitor sallama kawai short-circuited su karshe, amma a yanayin saukan high-ƙarfin lantarki da kuma high capacitance dole a haɗa tashoshi 5-10 kiloomny resistor. A resistor ake bukata don kauce wa tartsatsi a lokacin ƙulli. Zama sane da tsaro da kuma a cikin wani hali kada ku shãfe cikin tashoshi na capacitor, in ba haka ba da kewaye da zai faru da ku.

condenser breakage

Katsewa - a rare gazawar ga capacitors. Yana kullum faruwa a lokacin da inji drive lalacewa. A sakamakon ƙarshe capacitor wãyi cikakken ɗ en ta yi aiki, kuma yana da sifili iya aiki. A gaskiya, shi ya jũya a cikin biyu ware daga juna da shugaba. Gane breakage kusan ba zai yiwu ba tare da wani ohmmeter. A peculiar alama breakage a iyakacin duniya electrolytic capacitors a lokacin da juriya ji ne rashin wani canji a cikin kayan karatu. Tun da ba m da wadanda ba na iyakacin duniya, low-iya aiki capacitor yana da babban jure breakage gwajin shi ne kamar haka, ba zai yiwu. Kadai hanyar fita - damar ji.

A asarar capacitance

A don ƙayyade ko capacitor ya rasa iyãwarsa, Oddly isa, shi wajibi ne don auna wannan damar. Saita m iyaka a kan multimeter auna capacitance capacitor sallama binciki, gama da bincike don Game da mita kwasfa a kan shi, daidai polarity, kuma a karshe ta shãfe bincike zuwa cikin tashoshi na capacitor. Babu shakka cewa fahimtar yadda wani multimeter duba iska kwandishana ko wani iyali nema ga damar asara ba haka wuya.

Aunawa capacitor ƙarfin lantarki

Har ila yau, ya tabbatar da cewa kiwon lafiya na capacitor, shi wajibi ne don duba ko ta ainihin rated ƙarfin lantarki. Don yin wannan, za ka bukatar wani voltmeter yanayin a kan multimeter kuma wani ikon source to cajin capacitor. Danniya dole ne ya bayar da kasa da daidai ga drive. Haša gwajin kaiwa zuwa karshe da kuma jira a bit har da capacitor da aka cika da caji. Motsi da na'urar a cikin yanayin voltmeter, duba irin ƙarfin lantarki outputted drive. The darajar da cewa ya bayyana a mita allo a lokaci daya a farkon na gwajin, ya kamata dace da ayyana.

Ka lura cewa idan dubawa da drive hasarar da cajin da kuma irin ƙarfin lantarki, bi da bi, za su fada cikin sauri, don haka yana da muhimmanci ganin lambobin da ya bayyana a farkon sosai.
Akwai wani sauki hanya don gwada, amma shi ne tasiri ne kawai ga wani capacitor da isasshe manyan iya aiki. Cajin drive gaba daya, sha da na kowa sukudireba da wani makaran rike, kawo shi ga wani karfe, na daga cikin karshe da kuma kulle su. Idan a sakamakon ya slipped haske walƙiya, sa'an nan da aikin abu. Idan tartsatsi ne sosai rauni ko babu, sa'an nan da capacitor ba rike da wani cajin.

ƙarshe

A wannan labarin, za mu yi kokarin sa fitar da duk na fi na kowa gazawar capacitors, kazalika da hanyoyin da tabbaci. An muhimmin batu: da yawa novice master tunani kamar yadda ya zobe capacitor multimeter, ba vypaivaya shi daga jirgin, amma a cikin wannan hali a lokacin ji zai faru sosai manyan kuskure. The kawai hanyar a cikin wannan harka - shi ne mai gani dubawa na waje ãyõyi, kamar vzbuhanie, duhun ko discoloration na surface.

Sau da yawa "tashi" capacitors a cikin irin wannan nau'i na gida kayan, kamar injin wankin tufafin, talabijin, microwaves, da sauransu. Saboda haka, idan a gaban ka kasance cikin matsala da yadda za a ringi C condenser multimeter, za ka iya amince amfani da mu umarnin.