Lokacin da aka haife kuma mutu Pleshcheev. Plescheev Aleksey Nikolaevich: biography

Aleksey Plescheev wani m Rasha mawãƙi ne. An yadu a san shi da yawa fassara daga Ingilishi da kuma Faransa, kazalika da ban mamaki waqe yara. Mutane da yawa daga cikin ayyukan wannan marubucin an saita zuwa music by Tchaikovsky da Rachmaninoff, kuma sun zama quite rare. Amma a lokacin da aka haife shi kuma ya mutu Pleshcheev? Abin ban sha'awa events faru a rayuwarsa? Kuma sai ya samu da shahararsa?

Farkon shekara da kuma ilimi

A Kostroma, 22 ga watan Nuwamba, 1825 da aka haife kadan Alex, wanda zai zama ba kawai a Rasha marubuci kuma mawãƙi, amma kuma sanannun fassara. Ya aka haifa a cikin wani daraja iyali, da rashin alheri, matalauta, da kuma mallakar wani sosai tsoho iyali. Daga cikin magabatan Alexei Nikolaevich da aka ma St. Aleksey Moskovsky. Saboda gaskiya cewa iyali shi aka qaddara domin wasu marubuta, wadannan hadisai sun yaushe musamman waliyai.

Yaron nan da nan rasa mahaifinsa, da ilimi, yafi tsunduma uwa, Elena. Alexey samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi a gida, da kuma kawai sai, a nema da mahaifiyata, ya fara koyarwa a makaranta matsara tushe jami'an a St. Petersburg. Aleksey Plescheev sauri rasa sha'awa cikin aikin soja da kuma a 1843 bar makaranta ta fara nazarin Gabas harsuna, a Jami'ar St. Petersburg.

Saduwa da sabon mutane da matakai na farko, a cikin halittar

Abin da ya ke tsunduma a cikin shekaru na horo Aleksey Nikolaevich Plescheev? Biography of mawãƙi daga wannan lokaci ake dangantawa da wani da ban sha'awa sosai mutane. Wannan shi ne Andrey Aleksandrovich Kraevsky, Petr Aleksandrovich Pletnev, Maikov, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Saltykov-Shchedrin, da sauransu.

Kuma mafi farko da waqe Alexey aika zuwa karanta shi Pletnev, wanda ya ba kawai rector na jami'a, amma kuma da m na "Littafi". Kuma Petr Aleksandrovich warmly yi magana game da kerawa novice mawãƙi ne.

Interest a siyasa da'ira

A 1845 Alexey Pleshcheev zama sha'awar da ra'ayoyi na socialists kuma gana da membobin daga cikin da'irar, wanda aka kira Petrashevists. Suka tsunduma a shayari kuma ta ci gaba a Rasha. Alexei ba kawai ya dauki bangare a irin wa annan tarurruka, amma kuma ya fara rubuta farfaganda kasidu, kuma sau da yawa kawo haramta rubutum.

Sa'an nan, ya fara fassara littafin ideologue Felicite-Robert de Lamennais, wanda da mambobi daga cikin da'irar aka shirin daga baya buga a boye latsa. Saboda haka Plescheev Aleksey Nikolaevich, wanda biography ya zama sosai da dangantaka da ayyukan wannan siyasa da'irar, ciyar da shekaru na nazari a jami'a.

A farko tarin ayyukan, ko mawãƙi-jirgin saman soja

Abin baƙin ciki, a 1845-m Alexei aka tilasta katse karatu saboda rashin kayan tsaro. Eh, da kuma ilmantarwa tsari ba ya dace da shi. Amma da ya yanke shawarar shirya da kuma wuce da jarrabawa a matsayin waje dalibi, don kammala karatunsu a jami'a. Duk da cewa ya bar jami'a, dangantakar da mambobi daga cikin da'irar, ko Petrashevists, bai rasa. Sau da yawa suna ko za gidansa.

A farko tarin waqe Pleshcheeva da aka buga a 1846, akwai lokatan irin ayyukan da suna "The Call of abokai", "Tara! Ba tare da jin tsoro da kuma shakka ..." da "da ji na da 'yan'uwa muna tãre da ku." Suna da mai girma shahararsa, kuma na karshe biyu Lines ma ya zama da take da matasa. Da yawa daga cikin Sahaban fara yi wa Alexei matsayin mawãƙi-jirgin saman soja. Kuma wannan shi ne daya daga cikin babban ban sha'awa abubuwa game da labarin da ya biography. Aleksey Plescheev zahiri ya zama na farko mawãƙi to amsa kiran events cewa ya faru a Faransa. Shi ne wannan da kuma mutunta shi Petrashevzy suka yi kokarin kawo sauyi ideas a Rasha.

Sakamakon na hannu a cikin da'irar Petrashevists

Hakika, mafi masu karatu da sha'awar a, da kuma lokacin da ya mutu Pleshcheev haife, amma yadda mutane da yawa san wasu abubuwa da ya biography? Alal misali, a gaskiya wannan babban waƙen da kuma marubuci, kamar da yawa daga cikin Sahaban, kuma ziyarci mahada. Na dogon lokaci Alexey shirya a Petrashevists taron gidan. A 1849 da 'yan sanda intercepted wani wasiƙar daga Belinsky cewa Pleshcheev aika Fedoru Dostoevskomu.

Kuma a kan Afrilu 8, Alexei Nikolaevich aka kama bayan da aka tone ta provocateur. A karkashin tsaron fāda, ya aka aika zuwa St. Petersburg da kuma kurkuku a cikin Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja, inda ya shafe watanni takwas. A wannan lokaci, 21 mutane daga laifin da aka yanke masa hukumcin kisa. Daga cikin su shi ne, kuma Ales Nikolaevich. Amma wannan ba shine karshen da biography. Aleksey Plescheev da sauran fursunoni da aka dauka zuwa wurin kisa, Semyonov Platz. A nan sai ya karanta umurnin Nicholas I, a cikin abin da kisa da aka maye gurbinsu da daban-daban sharuddan da tunani.

Shekaru na gudun hijira, ko manhaja Vitae. Alekseya Plescheeva waqe a cikin wannan lokaci

Pleshcheeva ɗauke ni a matsayin mai zaman kansa a cikin wani nanata kamfanin, da kuma a 1850 da ya isa a Uralsk. A nan sai ya ciyar takwas dogon shekaru bakwai su bauta. A karo na farko da ya tsaya a cikin sabis na Alexey ya jimre da wuya. Da farko saboda korau hali na jami'an. Vacation ya aka ba a yarda, da kuma iya dan lokaci manta game da kerawa.

Da yawa ya canza tun Alexei hadu tsohon aboki na mahaifiyarta, Count Perovsky, wanda ya Gwamnan-janar. Ya fara rika Pleshcheyev. Alexei ba kawai tsiwirwirinsu samun wallafe-wallafe, amma kuma ya hadu ban sha'awa mutane - da iyali na Laftanar Kanar Victor Deziderevicha Dandevilya, wasu zaman talala daga Poland, da mawãƙi Taras Shevchenko da Mihailom Mihaylovym.

Rubuta a can wani samfurin a wannan lokaci Aleksey Plescheev? Brief biography, wanda ya gaya game da tsawon reference, ya ƙunshi bayani game da wasu daga cikin waqoqi, wanda ya sadaukar da matarsa da kuma Dandevilyu. An kuma rubuta da labaru. Lokacin da Alexey shiga yakin sabis, da yawa daga cikin ayyukan da ya aika zuwa St. Petersburg, inda suka buga a cikin "Rasha Gazette".

Farfado da kerawa da kuma ha] in gwiwar tare da wallafe

A 1857, ya auri Alex Elikonide Rudneva, kuma a watan Mayu da wadannan shekara da aka aiko da ita zuwa St. Petersburg a lokacin watanni hudu hutu. Sai suka taƙaice koma zuwa Orenburg. Kuma a nan shi ne mai yiwuwa a amsa tambaya masu karatu da dama a lokacin da Aleksandr Alekseevich Plescheev haife. Yaron da aka haife shi a 1858-m. Daga baya ya zama zai san matsayin 'yar jarida da kuma wasan kwaikwayo mai zargi.

A watan Agusta 1859 farko iyali Pleshcheeva karshe settles a Moscow. Ga Alexey an tsarkake addini a kansa rubutu. Yanzu da ya rubuta ba kawai shayari, amma kuma labaru da dama litattafan. Wannan "wasiyya", "Uba da 'yar", "Yau da kullum" da sauransu.

Alexey rayayye musanyar taimakekkeniya ba kawai tare da "Littafi", ya kuma zama da rabo takara da aka sani jaridar "Moscow Gazette". A Moscow gida, ya sau da yawa shirya m da kuma wallafe-wallafen maraice. Su za a iya gani Antona Grigorevicha Rubinshteyna, Petra Chaykovskogo, da Maly wasan kwaikwayo 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, kazalika da Turgenev, Tolstoy da Nekrasov.

Ci gaba na siyasa da ayyukan

Plescheev Aleksey Nikolaevich, wanda biography ne har yanzu da alaka da siyasa aiki, ya ci gaba da kallafad da ayyukan da yakin da kuma matsalolin zamantakewa. Daya daga cikin manyan sabubban a cikin shayari zama sauyi feat. Ya sosai m game da wani taron cewa ya faru a 1861 (a lokacin da taro kama daga dalibai da aka yi). Ya ko da tattara kudi ga wadanda ke fama.

A asirin 'yan sanda na ci gaba da kula da Alekseem Nikolaevichem Plescheevym. An har yanzu ake zargin na] a siyasa ideas cewa conflicted tare da ra'ayoyi na gwamnati. Duk da cewa shi aka ba caje wadannan zato sun dalilai, bayyane zargin.

Period na takaici, ko da zaran samun kudin shiga kamar yadda wani marubuci

Tun da wallafe-wallafen aiki ya kawo wani sosai kananan samun kudin shiga a kan abin da ya ciyar da iyalansu ne kusan yiwu ba, Alexei ke da sabis kuma zama binciken. Wanne, ba shakka, shi ne rashin iyaka depressing. A karshen shekarun 1960s. a cikin ayyukansu ya zama musamman m, a wani mummunan yanayi. Dalilin wannan ba kawai yawa kama daga abokai Alexei Nikolaevich, amma kuma mutuwar wasu. Kuma wani nauyi duka da mawãƙi a wannan lokaci - yake da mutuwar matarsa, wanda ya mutu a kan Disamba 3, 1864.

A 1868. Nekrasov ya zama shugaban "Notes da Fatherland" da kuma kiran Alexei Nikolaevich ga post na sakataren Editorial jirgin. Pleshcheev koma St. Petersburg sa'an nan da dama a cikin naɗi. A "Notes da Fatherland," mawãƙi ya ci gaba da aiki har sai 1884, kuma bayan mutuwar Nekrasov zama shugaban. A wannan lokacin, Alexey ya taimaka masu yawa novice marubuta da kuma Ivan Surikov har ma da ceto daga kunar bakin wake da staging ta farko ɗaba'ar.

A kwanaki na arshe na Alexei Nikolaevich da waqe

Hakika, mutane da yawa masu karatu da sha'awar a kawai wani al'amari na lokacin da kuma haife mutu Pleshcheev, amma zama sane aiki da biography na wani Rasha marubuci da muhimmanci a matsayin ranar da ya rasu da kuma haihuwa. Amma ga m aiki na Alexei Nikolaevich, bayan motsi zuwa St. Petersburg, ya rubuta, kusan ba tare da tsayawa har mutuwarsa. Amma, ya fassara shayari daga Faransa da kuma Turanci. A nan ya bayyana wa babban fasaha na mawãƙi ne.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a raba wuri a karshe tsawon rai Pleshcheeva fara zauna yara shayari. Kuma da yawa sukar sun nuna cewa, wadannan ayyukan da aka cika da musamman so ga rayuwar. Wasu waqe sun kasance a cikin littafi collections, kuma ya kasance rare da ƙaramin masu karatu, wanda ba kawai son wannan mawãƙi, amma kuma san biography, da kuma cewa a lokacin da aka haife shi kuma ya mutu Pleshcheev.

Fiye da dari romances da songs

A waka Alexei Nikolaevich Sahaban da composers na sauran al'ummomi da shi da aka rubuta a kan wani mutum ɗari songs, kuma ban mamaki songs. Babbar sha'awa a kerawa Pleshcheeva sa Peter Tchaikovsky, wanda Alexey dogon aka hadu da duk rayuwarsa ya kasance mai sosai dumi dangantaka. Ba kome abin da shekara da aka haife shi kuma ya mutu Pleshcheev, mafi mahimmanci, cewa aikinsa wata babbar gudummawa ga Rasha wallafe-wallafe.

Kuma a lokacin da, a cikin 1893, 26 Satumba, ya mutu da wannan babban waƙen da kuma marubuci, da yawa daga cikin Sahaban ji wani babban rashi. Oktoba 6, lokacin da aka gudanar Pleshcheeva jana'iza, wata babbar yawan mutane suka hallara a bikin. Daga cikinsu akwai matasa marubuta, suka yi ta maimaita nemi taimako daga wannan ban mamaki mutum.