Macrolides - maganin rigakafi / General halaye da kuma aikace-aikace

Macrolides - maganin rigakafi, da tsarin da wanda ya saukar da macrocyclic lactone zobe. Su dangane da adadin carbon atoms rabu da 14-membered (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin), 15-membered (azithromycin), a 16-membered (josamycin, midecamycin, spiramycin). Wadannan abubuwa su ne mafi yawan aiki zuwa ga kwayuka parasites (chlamydia, wato Mycoplasma, Legionella, Campylobacter) da gram-tabbatacce cocci (aureus, piogenez). Macrolides - maganin rigakafi na zuwa kalla mai guba mahadi.

Kwanan nan, an yi wani karuwa da ake dasu juriya ga mataki na wannan aji na kwayoyi. Hujjojin kimiyya ya nuna cewa a wasu lokuta 16-membered macrolides (midecamycin, josamycin, spiramycin) riƙe aiki da pyogenic streptococci da pneumococci, resistant zuwa 14-membered (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin), da kuma 15-membered (azithromycin) pharmaceutical jamiái. Macrolides - kwayoyi da cewa aiki a kan diphtheria da pertussis, Legionella, Campylobacter, Moraxella, Listeria, Chlamydia, spirochetes, mycoplasmas, ureplazmu. Ya kamata a lura da cewa kwayoyin na a gidan Pseudomonas da Enterobakteriatsea da na halitta jure duk macrolides.

inji na mataki

Kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiyar warware da biosynthesis sunadarai a kan ribosomes da ake dasu Kwayoyin. Macrolides - maganin rigakafi, wanda ya nuna wani bacteriostatic sakamako. Lokacin da assigning iyakar allurai nuna bactericidal aiki da pneumococcus, diphtheria da pertussis. Wadannan kwayoyi iya nuna immunomodulatory da anti-mai kumburi sakamako.

Wadannan kwayoyi suna readily tunawa a cikin gastro-na hanji fili, a kan su adsorption sakamako na bioactive abu maida hankali a shirye-shiryen, da sashi tsari, kazalika da gaban abinci da adadin. Abinci muhimmanci rage da bioavailability na erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin da medikamitsina, tare da kusan babu sakamako a kan bioavailability na spiramycin, josamycin da clarithromycin.

Macrolides - maganin rigakafi, wanda taro a jini ne sosai ƙananan idan aka kwatanta da yadudduka. Saboda haka su ma kira nama maganin rigakafi. wani sabon ƙarni na macrolides sauƙi kisa ga jini sunadaran. The mafi girma mataki na jini da furotin da wajabci lura da rodomiksinom (90%), mafi ƙasƙanci - tare da spiramycin (kasa da 20%). macrolide kwayoyi suna sosai rarraba a ko'ina cikin jiki, da samar da wani matsakaicin maida hankali a daban-daban gabobin da kyallen takarda. Sun iya shiga ta hanyar da jikin tantanin, samar da wani m kwayuka jari.

rayuwa kayayyakin samu, yafi daga bile da fitsari. Bayan da yin amfani da maganin rigakafi iya samun illa kamar ciwon kai, tashin zuciya da amai, zawo, janar wani rauni, malaise, rashin lafiyan halayen. Maganin rigakafi ce kungiyar gudanar da cututtuka daga cikin manya (m sinusitis, streptococcal tonzillofaringit) da kuma ƙananan (atypical ciwon huhu, kullum mashako) airway, pertussis, diphtheria, syphilis, chlamydia, lymphogranuloma venereum, periostitis, periodontitis, mai tsanani kuraje, kampilobakterioznom gastroenteritis, toxoplasmosis cryptosporidiosis.

Shi ne a ke so zuwa rubũta wadannan maganin rigakafi a lokacin daukar ciki. Tabbatar ta hanyar kimiya mummunan sakamako na clarithromycin a kan tayin. Josamycin, spiramycin da erythromycin ba su da wata cutarwa sakamako a kan tayin, don haka za su iya a yi amfani da ko da a lokacin daukar ciki. Azithromycin a lokaci da ake amfani da idan na gaggawa. Mafi yawa daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi-macrolide shiga cikin madarar uwarsa. A lokacin da nono ne mafi kyau ga dena daga yin amfani da wadannan maganin rigakafi.