Mai aikin kwaikwayo Alexei Gribov: bita, tarihin fim

Alexei Nikolayevich Gribov (1902-1977) - mai shahararren wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na zamanin Soviet, a shekarar 1948 an ba shi lambar yabo mai suna "'Yan Masanin' Yan Adam na Amurka."

Alexei Gribov: bidiyon, jariri

Alyosha Gribov an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 1902 a Sokolniki na Moscow, ba da nisa daga cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na Moscow-Kazan Railway. Mahaifinsa yana da kyakkyawar sana'a ga direba na lokaci, kuma mahaifiyarsa ta kasance ma'aikaci a ma'aikatar taba. Yarinyar yaron ya ƙare ne da wuri, kamar yadda mahaifiyarsa ta mutu daga tarin fuka, lokacin da yake ɗan shekara 3 kawai, kuma 'yar uwarsa ta wancan lokaci ya zama ƙasa. Bayan wani lokaci, mahaifina ya sake yin aure.

Tare da bayyanar mahaifiyar a gidan, iyalin sun fara girma, kuma ba tare da Alesha da 'yar'uwa ba, wasu yara hudu sun fito a cikin iyali. Iyali sun rayu cikin halin kirki, kuma sau da yawa sukan sauya wurin zama. Dole ne in ce mahaifin yaro yana da darajar direba sosai, wanda ya sa shi har ma ya shiga cikin shahararrun motar motar Moscow-Paris (1913). Alyosha yakan taimaki mahaifinsa kula da motar mai baban mahaifinsa, ya wanke mota kuma ya tsabtace shi daga datti, wanda yaron ya karbi kuɗin a matsayin sakamako.

Matsayin Alexey

Babban fahimtar juna tare da Alesha tare da kakansa, Gribov Mikhail Efimovich, wanda bayan kisan gillar, ya tashi daga ƙauyen zuwa Moscow. Kakan ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin jirgin ruwa. Don ya bashi, ya yi amfani da fasaha mai rikitarwa kuma kusan shekaru 40 daga baya ya ba da motoci don motsawa. Bayan rasuwar Mikhail Yefimovich Alexey tafi kakan ta icon na Nikolaya Ugodnika. A duk tsawon rayuwarsa Naman kaza bai rabu da ita ba, har ma a asirce tare da shi a yawon shakatawa.

Ainihin farko, wanda ya faru da ganin Gribov, an kira "Vanyushin's Children". Yaron ya kasance da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayon, bayan haka wasan kwaikwayo na yara na Alyosha da 'yar'uwarsa sun hada da nasu wasan kwaikwayo, a kan ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo. A 1916, an rubuta tsohon mahaifin Alexei zuwa gaban. Dan shekaru 14 da aka bari a baya ga dan tsufa a cikin iyalin ya sami aiki a ma'aikatar siliki. Dole ne aikin ya kasance mai wuya, na tsawon sa'o'i 12 a kowace rana akan shimfida kayan abinci.

Alexei Gribov: actor na gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Alexei bai daina aikin ba, koda kuwa mahaifinsa ya dawo daga gaban. Bugu da kari, ya shiga makarantar aiki na matasa a kulob a Ordynka. A lokacin wannan yarinyar, babban malami ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar saurayi - V.V. Baranovsky, godiya ga wanda Alexei kawai ya sami rashin lafiya tare da wasan kwaikwayo. Malamin ya kasance tare da shi a kowane lokaci, sau da yawa a gida, yana shirya wani saurayi don shiga jami'a. Bugu da ƙari, ya taimaka wa mutumin ya canza aikin ma'aikata a wurin wasa. An kammala shi a 1924, ɗakin na uku na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow, Alexei Gribov, tarihin rayuwa Wanda yanzu ya ci gaba a kan mataki, ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar Moscow Art gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

Wasan kwaikwayo da kuma tarihin mai daukar hoto

Wasan "Life of Life" ya zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga Alexei, ya buga wa Kregg wasa - aikinsa na farko. Tun 1935 ne saurayi ya fara aiki a fina-finai. Ba na da kyau ta bayanan bayanan waje, rawar da masoya-masoya Alexei Gribov ba ta taka ba. Amma, kasancewa mai yawa, mai laushi kuma mai sauƙi, ya yi nasara sosai a siffar mutum daga mutane. Alexei tare da irin wannan damuwar ya ba da kansa a wurin, har ma a cikin karamin aikin da ba zai iya yiwuwa ba. Masu sauraro sun faɗo da ƙauna da mai zane, 'yan jarida sun yaba da wasansa.

Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan matsayi, kamar Epikhodov daga Cherry Orchard, Sobakevich daga Dead Souls, Chebutykin daga Three Sisters, Shmagi daga Sans Guilt, da kuma Osip daga The Inspector General, Alexei Gribov ya yi wasa mai ban sha'awa da kuma irin waɗannan mutane, Sauran mutane, kamar Malyuta Skuratov da Fomu Opisina. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin shekaru 40, Alexei ya zama dan wasa na farko wanda ya ɗauko hoton Lenin akan al'amuran Mkhatov.

Kwarewa mai ban mamaki

Ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwarewa za a iya gani a fili a duk wani rawa da Alexei Gribov ya buga. Movies "Duniya", "Zama", "Maƙiyanci", "Mutanen Rasha" sun zama masu nuna alama ga wasan kwaikwayo na wani dan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya yi aiki sosai don samar da hotuna masu zurfi. Ta yaya zai iya yin biyayya da abin da ba a san shi ba a cikin sa'a, gaskiya da hikimar ruhaniya mai sauƙi na Rasha! A da tsare-tsaren, Alexei so su motsa kara a cikin mafarki da tabbaci zaunar matsayin kamar tsohon Karamazov, King Lear , kuma Aesop, wanda, da rashin alheri, sun kasance wani actor unsung song.

To, rayuwar sirrin Alexei Gribov ta kasance abin ban mamaki kuma ba sabon abu. Da zarar a titin, sai ya sadu da matar tsohon malamin Baranovsky. Matar da ke baƙin ciki da damuwa ta ce mijinta ya mutu, kuma kanta kanta ba ta san inda za ta tafi da abin da zai yi ba. Alexey ya yi rajista tare da Elena Vladimirovna, kuma sun fara zama tare a ɗakunansa guda biyu na ɗakin gari. Ko dai irin wannan aikin ne ya nuna ta wurin godiya ga malami ko Alexey ya ji tausayi ga mace da ta fi girma da haihuwa, ba wanda zai sani, mafi mahimmanci, duk da haka, duka sun kasance. Amma dukan rayuwarsu sun zauna tare, sai ya kula da matar.

Duk da haka, akwai litattafan Alexey a gefe, wanda Elena Vladimirovna, ya ba da bambancin shekaru, ya bi da hankali. Daga wani ɗan gajeren labari tare da Mataimakin Darakta Isolde, Gribov yana da ɗa, wanda ake kira Alyosha. Isolde ta yi duk abin da ta iya yi don ta dauki ƙaunarta daga cikin dangi, amma mai wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya yi alkawari zai kula da matar malamin har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa, ya ci gaba da zama tare da ita. Amma ya kuma ƙaunaci dansa, kuma, a matsayin mai kulawa, zai iya kula da shi. Bayan ya jagoranci kungiyar hadin gwiwa, Alexei ya sami Isolde da yaron ya karbi ɗaki.

Rana faɗuwar rana marar kyau

A matsayin dan wasan kwaikwayo Alexei Gribov ya bukaci sosai, yajin ya cika, kuma a cikin nauyin wasanni 11 a kowace wata yana da fiye da 20 a kowane lokaci. Wataƙila ya shafi lafiyarsa. Ko da yaushe ya dace, da farin ciki kuma ba a cikin marasa lafiya ba, Alexei a wani lokaci lokacin wasan kwaikwayon ya samu bugun jini, amma ya gama, wannan karshe shi ne wasan karshe.

Mai wasan kwaikwayo ya rayu bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haka, ya koyi yadda za a yi magana kuma ya sake tafiya. A shekarar 1977 bai kasance ba. Sun binne Alexei Gribov a cikin Cemetery Novodevichy. Yana da jaridar Hero of Socialist Labor da kuma Stalin Lambobin da suka dace a cikin fina-finai "Jami'in Fleet", "Fruits of Enlightenment", "Kremlin Chimes", "Solo na hours da yaki" da kuma "Mutum masu ƙarfin hali".