Mene ne hydroponic tsarin? Description na main iri hydroponic tsarin. Hydroponics tsarin da hannuwansu

Girma sabo kayan - shi ne ba kawai da amfani, amma kuma wani riba da taron. Domin na zamani a birane yanayi yana da wuya su yi tunanin wani gargajiya ƙasar amfani. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne greenhouse noma. Bugu da ƙari, cikin ƙasar domin kayan lambu, ganye, furanni da kuma sauran sabo kayan ba a Vogue. Duk da more kowa hydroponic tsarin.

asali Concepts

Saboda haka, abin da daidai ne hydroponics? Magana ta samar da kalmomi, mun ga Greek "ruwa" da "aikin". Zahiri, shi dai itace - "ruwa aikin". A gaskiya, da ruwa mai tsarkakẽwa ba a amfani da. Shi ne game da mai ruwa-ruwa mafita tare da gina jiki. A hydroponic tsarin - wannan shi ne wani tsari na wucin gadi yanayi na namo kore kayayyakin gaba ɗaya ba tare da gona. Wani lokaci akwai wani takamaiman substrate shi ne cewa shi ya aikata ba. Dangane da wannan, gane da dama iri tsarin for hydroponics.

A karkashin substrate fahimtar abu, ko abu a cikin abin da tushen girma shuke-shuke. A substrate a hydroponics partially adawa da al'adun gargajiya na ƙasar. Wannan na iya zama wani yashi, peat, kumbura lãka, da kuma a wasu lokuta - ko da kawai iska. Yadu amfani ma'adinai ulu for hydroponic tsarin. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin substrate daga ƙasa cewa shi ba ya ciyar da shuke-shuke, amma hidima kawai a matsayin jagora ga feed bayani.

Muhimmanci ma'anar, iya koya hydroponic tsarin ne "alama abubuwa" da "matakin na PH». Micronutrients - abin da ake bukata kowace shuka a wani rabo. A kowane mataki na ci gaba da sa alama abubuwa da ake bukata domin kowane amfanin gona. A PH matakin na acidity damar domin ayyana da kuma haifar da zama dole ga ci gaban da sinadirai masu yanayi.

muhimmanci abũbuwan amfãni

Hydroponic tsarin da yawan abũbuwan amfãni a kan al'ada hanyoyin da aikin nomar, kamar:

1. A ci gaba da girma. Saboda da m abinci, da shuke-shuke ci gaba ba tare da katsewa. Akwai na iya zama babu fari ko ruwa kwana. girma yanayi da ake kiyaye a wani ganiya matakin da m.
2. Kara ci gaba da kuma maturation. Tun da ikon da aka kawota a ci gaba da yanayin, da kuma daukan la'akari da ci gaban sake zagayowar, shuke-shuke samar da wani heightened taki. Kuma idan a cikin yanayi akwai da yawa hani (ga yawan rana kwanaki a cikin abinci, a kan acidity na gwamnatocin), a hydroponics kusan m. Kuma shuka girma dabam suna iyakance kawai da dokokin dage farawa saukar genetically.
3. Ability don tsara. A matakai na ci gaba da maturation iya lissafta kuma hango ko hasashen da m daidaito.

A iri-iri iri hydroponics

Ganin iri-iri dalilai da tsara da matakai na shuka girma a hydroponics, akwai mutane da yawa da kuma tsarin da dabarun. A general, akwai shida babban yankunan, daga gare su, da "m" da "aiki".

A mafi sauki - lagwani. A tushen akai - da kalmar "lagwani". Wannan tsarin dogara ne a kan samar da sinadarin gina jiki bayani ta hanyar da wicks. Lokacin da wannan miya ne a raba jirgin ruwa da kuma ciyar da su da tushen da shuke-shuke da inji nufin a kan tushen da capillary sakamako. Wannan hanya na da wadata ne cikin sauki, kuma mafi arha. Wannan tsarin shi ne "m", da aka gudanar a ranar da kansa. Daya yana bukatar kawai wajen saka idanu da matakin na gina jiki bayani a cikin tanki, kuma duk.

drip ban ruwa

The aiki manufa ne kusa da wicking tsarin, kawai abinci ne bauta ba ta kanta, amma ta karfi na drip ban ruwa. A saboda wannan dalili, akwai kuma wani akwati daga cikin bayani da kuma tube haɗa da famfo tare da shuke-shuke. Domin iko da ya kwarara a can ne mai sauki da mai židayar lokaci. Akwai biyu bambance-bambancen karatu na drip ban ruwa:

• Reversible type, watau tare da ikon bayani da ake amfani da akai-akai. A zahiri, shi ne a aiwatar da kwatami daga tire da shuke-shuke da baya a cikin akwati tare da miya. Wannan embodiment, a hannu daya, shi ne mafi tattali, a daya bangaren - bukatar karin iko saboda canje-canje a PH nuna alama.
• Ba reversible irin. A wannan yanayin, da sinadarin gina jiki bayani wucewa ta cikin substrate da kuma ciyar da shuka tushen, har abada Fused. Yana bukatar kasa lokaci amma mafi m.

Hydroponics lokaci-lokaci ambaliya

Namo a wani hydroponic tsarin na irin wannan ne da isar da sinadarin gina jiki bayani daga shuke-shuke da substrate a kan jinkiri qaddara mai židayar lokaci. Hay famfo ma'adanai samar, da kuma bayan ƙarshe na feed bayani ne drained baya, sa'an nan kuma aka sake yin fa'ida. A lokaci tsakanin sa da tushen da shuke-shuke da sauƙi aerated, cewa an tare da cikakken oxygen. Daga cikin shortcomings irin wannan hanya ya kamata a lura a dogara a kan famfo, ya kuma inganta a kan wutar lantarki. Bayan duk, idan lokaci ba sa samar da lantarki, da tushen kawai bushe up. Wannan shortcoming rinjayar duk aiki hydroponic tsarin.

Gargajiya tsarin na gina jiki Layer

A Hanyar in hydroponic gina jiki Layer tartsatsi ne. A nan, sabanin baya version, ba ya bukatar wani ma'aunin lokaci. M ruwa gudana ta hanyar da substrate ga shuke-shuke a ci gaba da rafi. Bukatar acidity matakin nuna alama iko PH, tun da bayani ne kẽwayãwa a cikin da'irar.

Tsire-tsire girma da wannan hanya suna girma sosai da sauri, amma su ne mafi "m". A taron na miya da sauri zã kuma iya mutu. Don hana m lokuta kirki nema don halartar madadin tushen da wutar lantarki. Haka ma amfani don amfani da substrate, tattara a danshi da kuma abinci mai gina jiki, kamar kwakwa zaruruwa.

ruwa Al'adu

A Hanyar ya dace ga namo ruwa-m shuke-shuke. Domin nan da tushen da shuke-shuke suna samu duk lokacin da a cikin ruwa. Yana kama wani iyo dandali a gina jiki bayani na kumfa, wanda aka haɗe zuwa shuka. A tsarin ne kuma "aiki", kamar yadda famfo da ake amfani da aeration. Don nuna, zaka iya daidaita da da tsohon akwatin kifaye. Daga cikin shortcomings lura a kananan yawan shuka iri da za a iya girma a wannan hanya.

aeroponics

The kawai hanyar a hydroponics, inda substrate ne iska. Samar da wutar lantarki da aka yi a tushen ruwan hazo shuke-shuke. The shuke-shuke da kansu suna gyarawa a wani matakin daga surface da kuma duba rataye a cikin iska. Aeroponics bukatar m lissafi da kuma high quality-kayan aiki. A hali na ikon maye ko gazawar na wani kayan aiki tsire-tsire ne a babban hadarin.

A tabbatacce al'amurran da wannan hanya shi ne yiwuwar samar da wani cikakken sarrafa kansa tsarin. Har ila yau a cikin iska ne sosai iyakance shuka samu, wanda na iya faruwa a cikin substrate. Aeroponics gwada tare da sauran tsarin, ka lura da more tattali amfani da ruwa. Bugu da kari, wani karfi aeration inganta farkon girma da kuma maturation na shuke-shuke.

Hydroponics a cikin masana'antu

Industrial hydroponic tsarin da ake amfani da ko'ina a birane, da kuma ma a wuraren da babu yiwuwar yin amfani da gona. An kiyasta cewa, a kwatanta da wani misali hydroponic noma iya cimma 20-Musulunci karuwa a samar. Eh, a lokacin da ka gudu da halin kaka na tsarin zai kasance isa. A lokaci guda rike hydroponic noma na bukatar musamman da ilmi ba, ba tare da wanda mai haske da kuma exuberant ganye iya sauri zo a cikin disrepair. Duk da haka, duk da rashin nisa outweighed da kyau dalilai:

• high da ake samu a cikin wani gajeren lokaci.
• hanya tanadi.
• babu cututtuka da kuma weeds.
• m yawan ma'aikata.

Alal misali, da bukatar sabo kayan lambu ne don haka high a Amurka, duk da kasancewar nasu gonaki, da kayayyakin da ake shigo da daga kasashen Mexico da kuma Canada. A lokaci guda masana'antu hydroponic gonaki zauna cikin ƙasa na 25 kadada. Akwai kuma mutum mai zaman kansa gonaki, wadda ake bisa mafi suna fadin yankunan 0.5 kadada.

Hydroponics a gida

A halin yanzu gida hydroponic tsarin da ake samun shahararsa. Kuma shi janyo hankalin wata dama a gida zuwa sauri girma lafiya kayayyakin. An fahimci cewa hydroponics ba zai iya maye gurbin wani sirri mãkirci, wanda ya ba da mafi yawan shi ne halin kirki gamsuwa, ba fitar a cikin wani nau'i na amfanin gona. Domin fara girma shuke-shuke a gida, akwai akalla hanyoyi biyu: ko dai saya shirye-sanya kayan aiki su yi dukan abin da kanka. Hydroponic tsarin, halitta da hannãyensu - mai tartsatsi sabon abu, amma troublesome.

Idan ya zo ga dafa kayan aiki ne abu daya. A wannan yanayin, muna iya kawai shigar da shi a cikin wani wuri dace, shirya wani bayani ga hydroponic tsarin da gudu. A cikin hali na kai-da samar da muhimmanci a shirya dukan abubuwa na nasu. Abin da za ta dauka? Mafi sau da yawa shi ne:

• ganga domin gina jiki bayani a cikin kudi na kimanin 3 lita shuka.
• famfo (dace akwatin kifaye sauƙi daidai iko).
• samar ga shuke-shuke.
• wani substrate.
• kafa na hoses.

A wani roba za a iya amfani da a matsayin marufi ganga. A lokacin da shirin wani babban tsarin da aka yadda ya kamata kafa mahara flasks har zuwa 50 lita, fiye da daya babban daya. Marufi ya zama opaque (ga hana flowering bayani). Idan wannan shi ne ba a hannunka, da taimakon zai zo launi. Tsire-tsire dace kulla a tukwane for seedlings. Don wannan bayani a cikin kwantena da machined ramukan da fata cewa bayan kayyade da seedlings tsakanin kasa da bayani zauna iska.

Da zarar duk da shirye-shirye da ake yi, ana harhada. Seedlings aka located a cikin kwantena da substrate, wanda, bi da bi, suna gyarawa a gina jiki bayani tanki. Amfani da hoses da aka kafa biyu-hanyar sadarwa a tsakanin famfo da ganga. Daya layin ke ciyar da wasu, haka ake kira "tank line" - to lambatu. A ganga a wadda abinci ne bauta dole ne a shirya tare da wani gangare na halitta magudanun ruwa da kuma wurare dabam dabam da cikakken tare da ma'adinai aka gyara daga cikin bayani.

A kadan daga sunadarai

Domin a daidai kuma ta dace ci gaban kowace shuka muhimmanci abubuwa kamar phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, alli, magnesium, kuma sulfur. A karami yawa kamata a cinye manganese, da baƙin ƙarfe, tutiya, molybdenum, boron, chlorine da tagulla. Ka tuna cewa taki ga hydroponic tsarin da hannuwansu ake yi a m rabbai. Shi ne m bayan dafa kamata saka idanu PH tamanin da mafita.

A kayyade factor a cikin hydroponic gina jiki bayani kamata a yi la'akari. Kan yadda za a yadda ya kamata a zabi hade da dukkan muhimman alama abubuwa, zai dogara ne kusan kome da kome. Domin daban-daban na irin wannan mai hade da abubuwa daban-daban. Haka kuma, a wani lokaci na ci gaba da kuma ci gaba na bukatar wani musamman kari karuwa da aka gyara.

Na gina jiki mafita a hydroponics

Akwai hanyoyi biyu. A farko kawai sayi dama sa na abubuwan da alama takin for hydroponic tsarin, da kuma duk abin da aka diluted a cikin rabbai nuna. Ruwa bada shawarar ya dauki Boiled ko distilled. A your own hadarin da ka iya daukar wani talakawa zaunar famfo. Sa'an nan kawai sarrafa abun da ke ciki canji, ƙara, da kuma wasu lokaci daga baya - maye gurbinsu. Wannan wani zaɓi ne sosai dace, amma yana da daraja a wasu kudin.

A cikin wani akwati, za ka iya shirya wani bayani ga wani hydroponic tsarin da hannuwansu. Daga cikin shirye-sanya girke-girke, za ka iya zaɓar biyu zabin da cewa su dace da daban-daban na shuke-shuke.

1. A bayani na shuke-shuke da deciduous jinkirin girma: 2 teaspoons potassium phosphate, 2.5 - potassium nitrate, 4.5 - alli nitrate da 4 - magnesium sulfate narkar da a 40 lita na ruwa. Don wannan bayani da aka kara narkar da in 1 lita na ruwa 1.25 teaspoon na boric acid, 1/10 teaspoon manganese chloride. A karshe bangaren da aka kara 4/5 teaspoon chelate baƙin ƙarfe a cikin 1.6 lita na ruwa.
2. Magani ga girma da kayan lambu da kuma m haske: 2 teaspoons potassium phosphate, 4 - potassium nitrate, 4.5 - alli nitrate da 4 - magnesium sulfate a 40 lita na ruwa. Sa'an nan biyu mafita da aka kara boric acid, manganese chloride da chelate baƙin ƙarfe kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.

ƙarshe

Hydroponics - mai alamar shugabanci domin samar da sabo kayan a cikin masana'antu da kuma a cikin gida. Hydroponic dabaru da waɗansu abũbuwan amfãni a cikin kudi na ci gaba da kundin na samarwa. A lokuta da dama, ba ka damar gaba daya sanya aiki da kai kan aiwatar da ko rage adam baki zuwa m. Complete sets ga ma'adinai gina jiki mafita da kuma takin for hydroponic tsarin da ake amfani da ko'ina har ma a na zama muhallin. Duk da bayyana wuya, da cikin hydroponic tsarin ne iya cetonku kamar yadda gama kayayyakin, da kuma da yawa daga fun ga lura da kuma kula.