Menene sunan Antarctica: camfin da gaskiya

Biyu daga cikin mafi m nahiyar duniya tamu - Arctic da Antarctic - ci gaba da kawo surprises ga masana kimiyya da masu bincike. An fara da bincike akan burbushin halitta saura kuma kammala burbushi na meteorite tasirin a cikin m baya. Amma abin da yake da sunan Antarctica da kuma inda shi ya faru, ba su sani ba kome da kome.

mythology bit

Menene lakabi na Antarctica, ba don samun amsar in an jima. Name mythologized da tsoho Greek matuƙan. The labari ya gaya yadda manyan bautãwa na Girkanci mythology, fadi cikin soyayya tare da nymph Callisto. Gumaka, m na soyayya, ya juyar da nymph cikin wani bear. Amma kafin wannan ta haifi wani dan - Arcade. Dan girma farauta da ya dauki nufin a bear, wanda ya mahaifiyarsa. Zeus tsĩrar da su duka biyu, juya cikin masaukai - Big da Small Dipper. Yana da wadannan taurari da kuma a yau - da babban sunã shiryarwa da waɗansu alãmõmi ga matafiya.

Philology bit

Zahiri, kalmar da aka fassara daga Girkanci matsayin "a gaban bear." Greek cartographers suna cikin garin kankara arewacin nahiyar "arktikos" girmama na ƙungiyar taurari Ursa Major, wadda ta kasance babbar alama ce a cikin sojan ruwa yakin. M arewacin babban yankin samu da prefix "tururuwa" - "a gaban". Saboda haka wannan na nufin sunan Antarctica, ya bayyana a gare kowa da kowa.

A kadan tarihi

Back a 350 BC, a cikin "Meteorology," zamanin d Girkanci halittu da kuma Falsafa Aristotle ya ambaci wanzuwar "Antarctic yankin." A geographer da cartographer na Ancient Girka II karni AD Martin Taya ya sanya wannan yankin a kan taswira. A marubuta na zamanin tsohuwar Girka, I-II karni BC Gayus Yuliy Gigin kuma Puglia buga da mythological sunan Kudu iyakacin duniya Pólus antarcticus, wato a cikin ma'anar na 'yan adawa Arewa. Irin wannan nadi na kudancin nahiyar, da kuma zama tushen zamani sunan iyakacin duniya antarctique, da ke rubuce a cikin takardun da Old Faransa a 1270 ta kuma wuce zuwa treatises Banasare Dzheffri Chosera a 1391.

Antarctic bambancin

"A maimakon haka Arewa" na dogon lokaci da ake kira mafi bambancin yankuna. Saboda haka, a cikin XVI karni a Brazil Faransa mallaka kira Antarctic Faransa. A karkashin kasa, wanda ke nufin cewa sunan nahiyar Antarctica, m duk tsibirin yankuna na cikin matsananci kudu. Kalmar "Antarctica" da aka yi amfani da zanen taswira na tsakiyar zamanai da aka denoted da kudancin duniya.

Yadda za a kira Antarctica Antarctica

Hukumance, da sunan makale ga babban yankin godiya ga wani Scottish cartographer John George Bartholomew. Shi ne ya yi a cikin 90s na XIX karni. saboda haka na kira ƙasar kudu na duniya da aka tsara kamar yadda Antarctica.

Af, ta discoverers F. F. Bellinsgauzen da MP Lazarev a 1820 da ake kira "kankara floe nahiyar" bude ƙasar. Kuma Charlz Uilks, navigator da kuma shugaban na da yawa expeditions sojan ruwa sojojin na Amurka, da ake kira ƙasar Antarctic nahiyar a 1840.

Amma ko ta yaya muke kira da kudancin nahiyar na duniya da kuma a cikin abin da hanyar da ba a bayyana abin da ya aikata da sunan "Antarctica", ta asirai ba ƙare a can. New hanyoyin da bincike, da tauraron dan adam hasashe da kuma radiation bugawa kai mu ga warware asirin wani sabon abin mamaki daga cikin kankara nahiyar.