Offer a rance

Sananne tayin bashi kasuwanci

A cewar h. 1 tbsp. 435 CC RF tayin jawabi ga daya ko fiye takamaiman mutane a karo cewa shi ne isasshe tabbataccen da kuma nuna niyyar da mutum yin shawara da za a shiga wani kwangila tare da addressee, wanda zai yarda da tayin.

Da tayin kamata dauke da dukkan muhimman sharuddan da kwangila.

Yana offers links to da dama na ta fuska daga lokacin da ta samu ta addressee.

A cewar h. 1 tbsp. 438 na Civil Code gane yarda da mutum amsoshi cewa wani tayin ne jawabi a kan ta yarda. Haka h. 3 tbsp. 438 na Civil Code wani mutum wanda ya samu wani tayin a cikin lokaci da aka kafa domin ta yarda, mataki don aiwatar da wadannan yanayi a ta kwangila (sabis, aiki da kuma biyan daidai adadin, da dai sauransu) an dauke su yarda, sai dai in ba haka ba ya bayar da dokar, sauran shari'a ayyukan, ko nuna a cikin tayin.

Saboda haka, doka ta tanadi ga wani Saukake hanya ga cikar kwangila - by yarda da tayi.

Wannan hanya ma zartar a cikin filin na banki da sabis.

Kamar yadda yi nuna, Banks sau da yawa amfani da wannan tsari a ƙarshe na aro yarjejeniyar. Kuma wannan tsari ne a mafi yawan lokuta a yi amfani da bayarwa da kuma don tare katunan bashi.

Shin akwai al'amurran da suka shafi na kwangila da yarda daga tenders a rance? Mene ne zama dole yanayi da za a bi domin amincewa da wata kwangila kammala?

Mene ne Bank warware da mutum da kuma yancin] an? Mene ne rikici na da hakkin ya yi la'akari da wannan al'amari?

Domin katunan bashi da banki abokin ciniki (borrower) daukan bankin sanarwa to, ka ba shi wani banki katin. Wannan aikace-aikace tsari, aikace-aikace siffan (a cikin daban-daban bankuna, wannan daftarin aiki yana da wani sunan daban) suna dauke bayar.

Lalle ne, wannan sanarwa za a iya daukarsa a matsayin wani tayin.

Haka h. 1 tbsp. 435 CC RF tayin dole ne dauke da dukkanin muhimman sharuddan da kwangila. Essential sharuddan na aro yarjejeniyar kunshe ne a cikin Art. 30 Tarayya Law "A Banks da Banking Activity".

Idan muka dubi wannan daftarin aiki (maganar da borrower), za mu iya ganin cewa daftarin aiki ya ƙunshi, da kuma adadin na aro, kuma na aro lokaci da kuma amfani kudi a kan rance, da kuma yanayi na aminci, kuma ko da ya hada da bayanan da mai ba da bashi da kuma borrower. Dauke da tayin ne ma nauyin da jam'iyyun a taron na tsoho.

Saboda haka, da bin doka ta kafa da kuma tabbatar da cewa aikace-aikace profile ko wasu daftarin aiki a ciyar da borrower don samar da bankin bashi za a iya daukarsa a matsayin wani tayin cikin sharuddan hours. 1 tbsp. 435 na Civil Code.

Abin da yake kunshe da tayin da borrower infringes ya} ungiyoyin da kuma kare hakkin dan adam? Me ya sa bankunan amfani da shi a cikin wannan tsari a ƙarshe na bashi yarjejeniyar bashi katin sabis.

Don magance wannan batu shi ne zama dole don magance da kuma nazarin tayin da borrower.

La'akari da tayin borrower CJSC Bank "Rasha Standard".

Da tayin ya bayyana cewa, borrower ya gane bayani kamar yadda da tayin da tambaya da bankin gama da shi a gauraye kwangila, da abubuwa na wanda su ne:

1. Bude ya banki halin yanzu lissafi.

2. Release a kan banki katin sunan.

3. Kuma ba shubuha da'awar credits ga wani bude bank account a cikin tsari na Art. 850 na Civil Code.

Mun la'akari da wadannan shawarwari a more daki-daki.

1. Opening na banki halin yanzu asusun.

A daidai da Art. 845 na Civil Code na bank account yarjejeniya da bankin ya amince ya yarda ya kuma Credit asusun da bude abokin ciniki (asusun mariƙin), da kudi cika da umarni na abokin ciniki canja wuri da kuma bayar da Game da yawa daga asusun da kuma gudanar da sauran ma'amaloli a kan asusun.

Haka h. 2 tbsp. 846 na Civil Code banki zamar masa dole ya yi sayayya tare da wani abokin ciniki bank account, sanya wani tsari don bude wani asusu a banki ya sanar domin bude na asusun na da irin wannan yanayi da cewa sadu da bukatun da aka shimfiɗa doka ta kuma kafa daidai da banki dokoki.

Saboda haka, majalisar ba mu da ra'ayi cewa idan borrower na'am da tayin da bankin gama da shi kwangila na bank account, sa'an nan da bankin zamar masa dole ya yi sayayya tare da wani abokin ciniki bank account, jũya zuwa gare shi da irin wannan tsari. Saboda haka, a fili yake cewa a cikin wannan harka da tambaya ba a game da janar yanayin shiga kwangila a cikin ma'anar Articles 435, h. 3438 na Civil Code, da kuma tambaya da m ƙarshe na kwangila

M domin shiga kwangila ta mika wani tayin shirya Art. 445 na Civil Code.

A cewar h. 1 tbsp. 445 na Civil Code, a lokuta inda, daidai da Civil Code ko wasu dokoki ga jam'iyyar, wanda ya nẽmi da tayin (daftarin kwangila), kwangila ƙarshe, dole, cewa jam'iyyar zai ba da sauran jam'iyyar sanarwa na yarda ko ƙi na yarda ko wani yarda da tayin a kan wasu yanayi (yarjejeniya da sabani da daftarin kwangila) cikin kwana talatin nan daga ranar rasit na da tayin.

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin lokuta na musamman a dokar. A musamman harka a wannan harka ke kula da bin doka da oda (Art. 445 na Civil Code), don haka general dokokin shari'a (Art. 3 of Art. 438 na Civil Code) za su shafi musamman ma yadda ba su yi muwafaka da zaman nagartacce.

Saboda haka, shi dai itace cewa a cikin 30 kalanda kwana na bankin da aka zamar masa dole ya aika abokin ciniki a sanarwa na yarda a rubuce, na nuna yawan bank account na abokin ciniki (a cikin akwati a lokacin da bankin yarda da tayin na abokin ciniki-borrower).

Duk da haka, bankuna duk da wannan mulki na yakin dokar ba a sanar da abokin ciniki game da account number, a kan su yarda, da yarda za a yi la'akari da aikata wadannan hare hare, wanda aka kayyade a da tayin, wato mataki na bude bank account. Bugu da kari, da katunan kansu zo da abokan ciniki a cikin mail kawai wata wasika da kuma bayan 3-6 watanni, a kalla.

2. Don saki da sunan borrower ta banki katin.

Wannan abu ne a general - wani abu da kyau ne m ga wadannan dalilai.

Magana sake - har yanzu a JSC Bank "Rasha Standard". Yana yana da bankin Terms da kuma banki katin sabis. A nan, tsirara ido iya ganin cewa, ko da a cikin suna daga cikin daftarin aiki, kazalika da magana game da shi da kuma bayar da borrower, shi ne sunan banki katin.

Kuma abin da irin wannan katin? Bayan duk, katunan bashi zo a dama siffofin - receivables, bashi, albashi, rangwame, da dai sauransu Bugu da kari, wadannan da abun ciki na tayin a CJSC Bank "Rasha Standard" Bank na borrower ya tambaye su gama da shi a gauraye yarjejeniya a kan taswira. Yarjejeniyar a kan taswira - ba tare da wani bayani daga abin da irin wannan katin. Tuni a cikin yarjejeniyar da take, da lakabi na Gaba Yanayi na banki katin ne take hakkin doka, saboda abun ciki na takardu ne ba zai yiwu ba domin sanin yanayin da doka dangantaka da Bank.

Da tayin ya bayyana cewa, borrower ne gaba ɗaya sun yarda karanta kuma ya amince da bin tare da Kaidojin amfani da, jadawalin kuɗin fito da shirin. Duk da haka, ya saba wa ma'anar data slovochetaniya h. 1 tbsp. 435 na Civil Code, tun da tayin dole ne dauke da muhimman sharuddan da kwangila, maimakon muhimman sharuddan da kwangila dole ne a haɗe zuwa da tayin. Bugu da kari, a da tayin da aka ba a kayyade ba - abin da daidai Terms of banki cards sun karanta borrower, da abin da kwanan wata, abin da suka sa a cikin mataki da kuma tsawon inganci na wadannan Janar sharuddan da yanayi. Analysis na yi ya nuna cewa a lokacin da bankin istrebuesh wadannan takardu (da Janar Yanayi, jadawalin kuɗin fito shirin) ne, a mafi yawan lokuta, cewa wadannan janar yanayi, da jadawalin kuɗin fito da shirin ne ba daraja abokin ciniki sa hannu.

Nazarin halin yanzu halin da ake ciki, tambaya taso a kotu - amma tare da wasu yanayi da kuma jadawalin kuɗin fito da shirin da aka yi bayani a kan borrower? Da tayin ba ce, a kan sosai kan yanayin da borrower ba sa hannu. Amma kotunan dõmin tsõron m soke su yanke shawara a cikin mafi girma kotu watsi da wannan bukata ne na shari'a, da kuma bayar da abokin ciniki da tayin (da borrower) inganci.

Duk da haka, kamar yadda za a iya gani daga sama ba, ba Gaba Yanayi ko jadawalin kuɗin fito da shirin da aka ba sanya hannu a kan abokin ciniki, wadannan takardu ba su ɗauke da kwanan watan da tallafi, wanda suka soma. Kuma bisa ga dokokin na fikihu da irin wannan daftarin aiki ba za a dauke shaida, tun da shi ba ya dauke da ainihin bukatun da ake hõre ta dokar domin irin wannan shaida.

3. lent bude wani bank account a cikin tsari na Art. 851 na Civil Code

A daidai da Art. 850 na Civil Code a lokuta inda, daidai da kwangila na bank account, Bankin sa biya daga cikin account, duk da rashin kudi (bashi account), Bankin aka dauke su samar abokin ciniki tare da bashi ga dace adadin daga ranar wannan biyan bashin.

Ga amsar dukkan wadannan tambayoyi. Bayarwa katunan bashi da kuma kammala tare da borrower yarjejeniyar a kan Card, da bankin yana amfani da mabanbanta halin da ake ciki fiye da halin da ake ciki na aro yarjejeniya.

A gaskiya, da rance yarjejeniya ba. Akwai kwangila na bank account, kuma crediting asusun.

Tsirara ido ne nan da nan tabbata cewa, babban kashi na wannan gauraye a kan katin kwangila ne a kwangila na bank account.

Saboda haka, a cikin ma'anar dokar zama bayarda kuma ya bayyana cewa borrower ba kome, bankin samu wani tayin da kuma yarda da aka sanya, watau, ayyuka a kayyade a da tayin. Borrower ba kome a lokacin da asusun da aka bude, a lokacin da canjawa wuri kudi don ya account. Main borrower a rubuta sanarwa daidai da Mataki na ashirin da 445 na Civil Code.

Duk da haka, bankin ba ya aika da wani jawo hankali. Abin da, sa'an nan, ya kamata a yi?

Abin baƙin ciki, a cikin wannan al'amari akwai mai yawa na tattaunawa, akwai daban-daban wuraren view. Doka ba ta samar da wani alhakin da cewa bankin ya rasa da wa'adin lokacin da aka rubuta sanarwar da borrower na account number. watau Banks, ba tare da sun sanar da abokin ciniki a saboda doka wa'adin, ba zai zama abin dogaro, da kuma kotuna tsaya a gefe na bankuna, amma kamar yadda za a iya gani daga bincike na wadannan sharudda - irin wannan yarjejeniya ba ya dace da tsari na ƙarshe na kwangila ba za a iya gane a matsayin fursuna, a rubuce.

Wannan ne evidenced kawai wani bayani wasika daga cikin RF daga 05.05.1997, № 14 "Review da ƙuduri na rigingimu alaka da ƙarshe, gyara da kuma karewa daga kwangila." A cewar wannan bayanai wasika, Tarayyar Antimonopoly Service na Rasha Federation ce cewa, idan wani sanarwa na yarda (da account number a cikin yanayin) aka ba samu kan lokaci - sakamako na da tayin banza da irin wannan yarjejeniya ba a dauke su a kammala.

Wannan ra'ayi yakan haifar da dokoki na yakin dokar da kasuwanci hadisai.

Duk da haka Newsletter jakar kwai ba za a iya dangana ga bin doka da oda ba shi da dokar, da kuma bin doka da oda, watau, Shari'a - ba gwada wannan batun.

Wannan shi ne babban rikici na doka a cikin al'amarin.

Duk da haka, aikata da tambaya daga abin da rance yarjejeniya, amma akwai crediting asusun banki.

Banks riko da wadannan mukamai a kotuna. Suna jayayya da cewa katin zo a cikin mail zuwa gare ku, kuma ku kira banki, kunna shi, kuma suka riƙi kudi, kudi amfani. Yadda za a ba da kudi, don haka da zarar akwai wani - da almara, hali. Banks dauki matsayin cewa don kunna katin, ko da bayan da kunnawa da katin, amma kafin ta janye tsabar kudi daga ATM - babu riba ba a caje.

Duk da haka, wannan ƙin yarda Banks saba wa articles na Civil Code.

Bari mu bincika a cikin mafi daki-daki.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, bisa ga kwangila na bank account, Bankin ya amince da ya yarda ya kuma bashi da asusun bude abokin ciniki (asusun mariƙin), da kudi cika da umarni na abokin ciniki canja wuri da kuma bayar da Game da yawa daga asusun da kuma gudanar da sauran ma'amaloli a kan asusun.

Saboda haka, a lokacin da bankin Canza wurin ta samar da kudin da katin na abokin ciniki (ya bank account), an yi imani da cewa da kudi bayar. Kuma a karkashin irin wannan yanayi kunnawa katin - zama da ma'ana a duk. A banki yarda da abokin ciniki ta tayin, ya bude wani bank account tare da wani katin daura bude wani banki domin katin bashi, bank transfer zuwa banki katin (misali bank account), tsabar kudi (watau lent a bank account). . Bisa ga tayin, Mataki na ashirin da 438 Part 3 na Civil Code, an kira su da Bank - da yarjejeniyar a kan taswira an riga an sanya hannu, kuma ta haka an riga aiki duk da maki (sha'awa kudi, tara, bugun fanareti). Me ya sa a irin wannan yanayi bukatar a katin kunnawa, da kuma abin da shi na samar da? Don wadannan tambayoyi babu amsoshi tukuna.

Duk da haka, abin da ya faru na gaba, bayan duk ayyuka da cewa bankin ya, bisa ga borrower ta tayin. Kuma a sa'an nan da banki katin zo a cikin mail da talakawa wasika.

Abin da ya faru?

Bisa ga Rasha yanzu dokokin shi kwakwalwa gaba da cewa duk 'yan ƙasa san doka. Ba da sanin dokar wani uzuri. Saboda haka, bari mu ɗauka cewa kowa ya san doka. Sa'an nan, Azancin, da wadannan na faruwa. A borrower sami wani banki katin da bukletik - yadda za a yi amfani da wannan katin (umarnin don amfani). A katin ba ce cewa yana da wani bashi. A bukletik nuna a duk wani amfani da ATMs, ga tsawon lokacin da aka bayar, abin da ya yi idan ATM "warke" katin, yadda za a samu PIN - code, da dai sauransu Kalmomi game da bashi ne ba a duk.

Saboda haka, da borrower sani cewa ya sanya wani tayin zuwa ƙarshe daga cikin taswirar, amma rubuta sanarwar da asusun yawan bai sami. Saboda haka, borrower basira yi imanin cewa, da tayin kwace wata kwangila da aka kammala. Kuma wannan katin a cikin mail da borrower inherently Game matsayin bankin tayin da shi a kan cikar wani amfani-free aro yarjejeniya.

Me ya sa? Saboda da tayin kamata dauke da dukkan muhimman sharuddan da kwangila. A bukletik - tabbatarwa umarnin - ko game da sha'awa kudi ko na rai na aro ko na wata biyan bashin ba ce kalma. Saboda haka - ko da wani amfani-free aro.

Bugu da kari, bankin katin zo a cikin mail bayan 3-6 watanni na biyan bashin da borrower dauki wani mabukaci rance (Boats aro). Kuma da borrower samu wani katin a cikin mail, tun da cewa conscientiously ya cika da wajibai aukan da katin matsayin m abokin ciniki katin. A irin wannan yanayi, kuma ya ɗauka da rance ba tare da sha'awa.

Sake - sake, da kiran da Bank, da kuma kunna wannan katin (watau jajirce yarda). Saboda haka, dole ne borrower sãka da babba da kwangila za a riyãwa sun cika.

Saboda haka, da farko tayin na borrower ba shi da wani abu don aika da mail banki katin.

Wannan ne management na yaudarar kamar yadda da dũkiyarsu da kuma ingancin da banki ta sabis.

A ƙarshe ina so in ce.

Shi ne ya cancanci a duba ma cewa a yanzu lokaci bankers an daina aiko da post katin. Idan irin cards ba karya hakkokin masu amfani da - sun zama bankers ba up riba mai kyau a cikin kasuwanci? Amsar wadannan tambayoyi, ina zaton, ku m kanka.