Papier-mache - abin da yake da shi? Papier-mache

A cikin Rasha da harshen shi ne ban sha'awa daga Faransa kalmar "papier-mache". Mene ne wannan? Fassara yana nufin "zhovanaya takarda." A gaskiya, shi ne wani abu da dogara ne a kan takarda ko kwali da m kaya masu nauyi. Kuma sau da yawa sosai hack kira papier-mache. Photo na abubuwan ban al'ajabi da ya yi a wannan dabara, kai wa ni'ima daga da yawa magoya na needlework.

Iri papier-mache

Akwai da dama bambance-bambancen karatu na wannan abu, dangane da fasahar a kan wanda shi aka yi.

1. Layer-gluing guda na takarda a kan wani template kira papier-mache. Abin da shi ne, su sani kusan duk abin da, saboda saba da wannan fasaha ne kunshe a cikin makaranta shirin na karatu a manual aiki.

2. A danko sosai kullu, sanya a kan tushen da takarda, alli, da manne, daga wanda Hanyar gyaren ko wanda ya canja simintin gyaran kafa sanya daban-daban abubuwa, wanda kuma ake kira da papier-mache. Abin da shi ne, ba a san da yawa sosai, kamar yadda wannan fasaha ne mafi hadaddun a zane da kuma aka tsara don lokaci mai tsawo na yi na taro kanta.

3. A lissafi siffar abubuwa sanya na dama yadudduka kwali, wanda aka gam a yadudduka da bushe a karkashin matsin - kuma a papier-mache.

Mẽne ne - Layer gluing?

Wannan shi ne irin wannan hanyar da za a iya yi sauri isa ga asali sauki kadan abu. Domin yin crafts daga takarda mache da hannuwansu, da maigida zai bukatar: a model template for pasting kai tsaye kansa manne da kuma guda na takarda.

Don model zauna uncorrupted, na farko Layer na takarda da aka moistened tare da bayyana ruwa da biyu yadudduka amfani da surface na template. Sa'an nan kuma, wadannan yadudduka an riga bonded via bonding qagaggun. A saboda wannan dalili, za ka iya amfani da wani Clerical manne, amma saboda saving halin kaka don dafa da manna na sitaci da kuma bayyana gari.

Yawancin lokaci da ake bukata domin sa har zuwa 100 yadudduka haka cewa handicrafts sanya na papier-mache, sanya da hannunsa, da isasshen ƙarfi. Sau da yawa, don inganta sansanin soja a kan rata tsakanin yadudduka na takarda bayar da damar gudanar masana'anta cewa an karfafa tare da samfurin. Amma idan muna magana ne game da wani papier-mache ga sabon shiga, da ƙarfafa zai zama wuce kima.

Yadda za a dafa da manna

Bayan da ya saba tari-m master saving sau da yawa amfani da wani gida fastening abu da samar da papier-mache. Manual shiri na manna - abun da ke ciki dangane da gari ko sitaci - shi ne quite sauki. A takaice, shi ne manufa na jelly dafa abinci.

1. A kwanon rufi an zuba ruwa (2 lita) da kuma sanya shi ga tafasa.

2. A wannan lokaci, a cikin wani karamin akwati kamar gilashin, zuga cikin 100 grams na ruwan sanyi 3 tablespoons gari sitaci ko al'ada (ba m flours tare da Additives kamar oladevaya ko fanke).

3. A cikin ruwan zãfi da aka zuba a cikin wani bakin ciki rafi da jujjuyawa a dakatar da wani aiki gari da ruwa da kuma zo a tafasa. Yawanci, bayan da manna cewa batu zama maras ban sha'awa fari tare da wasu m.

4. Manna bukatar kwantar da hankali, kuma za ka iya fara yin papier-mache daga jaridu.

Yadda za a shirya wani samfuri

Za ka iya amfani da shirye-sanya kayan wasa, masks, kwalaye da sana'o'i. Bayan pasting na takarda preform yawanci yanke tare da kaifi wuka ko sawing sawn halves, da halves bude da kuma dauki fitar da abun wasa template. Sai halves za a bonded zuwa juna tare da kabu.

Amma wani lokacin da hannunka ba ta dace template for articles sanya na papier-mache. Manufacturing manual abu cewa maye zai yi amfani ga pasting, ma, ba sosai rikitarwa. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne gina daga samuwa kayan, bonded tare tsakãnin kwali cylinders daga Rolls na bayan gida takarda ko takarda tawul din, komai matchboxes ko cartons ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma madara.

Akwai har yanzu wani zaɓi samfuri shiri kamar yadda vyleplivanie shi daga lãka, lãka, har ma da yin amfani da balloons.

Yin tallan kayan kawa articles takarda ɓangaren litattafan almara

Idan kana so ka yi tsana daga papier-mache, sa'an nan za ka iya daukaka kara zuwa biyu na farko da na biyu zaɓi. Duka biyu da hanyoyin da ake bukata template. Idan babu irin wannan, wajibi ne a yi shi a kan nasu, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata a sama.

Akwai wani zaɓi lokacin da 'yar tsana da na papier-mâché smearing kerarre da nauyi bisa takarda template. Bayan da bushewa ne ma da shawarar a yanka da babba Layer, ba tare da taba da samfuri, su raba tsakanin halves daga juna, cire layout. Sa'an nan, papier-mache halves folded da gam tare.

Za ka iya sculpt sassaka takarda ɓangaren litattafan almara "daga karce", ta yin amfani da kawai da zane, photo ko hoto. Duk da haka, wannan hanya ne kamar kawai ga mutanen da suka yi a wasu iyawa.

Abubuwa da yawa ana yi na papier-mache a cikin wani gajeren lokaci - shi ne zai yiwu!

Papier-mache, wadda ta ƙunshi a kafa da simintin takarda da m taro, mafi dace domin samar da tsari na wannan abubuwa. Saboda haka, domin form kamata ka yi amfani silicone sealant. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu a yi shi daga plaster. A lokuta biyu, da tsari dole ne kunshi biyu halves.

A sealant ne amfani da greased template, idan zai yiwu a ko'ina. Plasticine layout ba zai iya rufe man fetur. Sa'an nan kuma, preform kamata bushe da kyau. Bayan cire mold daga layout shi wajibi ne don gyara a cikin wani akwatin da gishiri ko yashi up ciki. Sa'an nan voids gabatar da wani m Layer ba tare da iska sarari, nauyi da kuma sake yarda su bushe.

Bayan kau daga mold halves na guraben da kalmomin da aka gam, rufi da share fage da kuma fenti. A karshen shi bada shawarar saka Layer na varnish.

Filastar mold sanya a cikin akwatin, inda pre-kwantar da plaster isasshe m daidaito. A template kuma man shafawa, ko glycerine da rabin-kura idon a cikin abu. Bayan da bushewa, da farko mold layout ne cirewa. Hanyar domin samar da mold an maimaita, amma dips a cikin na biyu rabin plaster template.

Production na ɓangaren litattafan almara ga handicrafts kuma sculptures

Idan zaba master papier-mâché tushen tausasa takarda, bushe Additives da adhesives, to, shi yana bukatar ya san yadda za a yi nauyi zuwa ga wani gyare-gyaren da simintin figurines.

Akwai da dama formulations na wannan taro.

1. Tearing bayan gida takarda da tsomasu a tsanake cikin ruwan zafi don a rana.
2. Wannan ne bi da wani da-Knead da kuma mirgine da taro. Masana sun ba da shawara a yi wannan rawar soja da filafili a kan grinder.
3. Ƙara bushe plaster, game da shi, mai gida ta kawar da wuce haddi ruwa da kuma cinma taro yawa. Za ka iya cika up gari a cikin takarda angaren litattafan almara, amma to, akwai yiwuwar cewa lokaci bai yi amfani da abu za a iya lalace. Mutane da yawa ƙara alli gari, amma sai da samfurin ne mafi m fiye da shi ya aikata tare da plaster papier-mache.
4. Sake Mix da kyau bred taro joiner ta manne, shirya bisa ga wani girke-girke na ta samar. Zaka kuma iya amfani da wasu glues. Duk da haka, da kafinta zai ba da damar zuwa da sauri fahimci plaster, wanda yana da muhimmanci. Weight fitarwa kamata yayi kama da m lãka, ci gaba da siffar ne mai kyau, amma ba ya tsaya ga hannayensu.
5. A sakamakon cakuda da aka yi amfani da nan da nan ba, amma ya yale shi ya kwanta da dare firiji. Don wannan karshen, da taro ne zuwa kashi guda na wata kilogram (kalla rabin kilogram) da kuma cushe a roba bags.

Wasu artists bayar don ƙara zuwa taro wasu spoonfuls na kayan lambu mai.

Na biyu Hanyar bambanta daga farko a cewa bushe gyara (foda, alli, ko gypsum) da aka kara wa shi. Amma bayan soaking takarda matsi ta hanyar cheesecloth, cire wuce haddi da ruwa, amma ba tare da cimma ta da cikakken rashin ruwa.

A shiri lokaci na halittar sculptural fitacciyar

Hakika, shi duka fara da marubucin ideas. Lokacin da wani artist sa wani zane na gaba crafts papier-mache da hannunsa, tunaninsa ya zama real contours riga. Wasu, duk da haka, kai kamar yadda su akai riga data kasance zane ko hotuna, ko kuma wanda ake fara aiki.

Next, da master waya da kuma improvised nufin samar da firam sassaka. Bayan duk wadannan shirya ayyukan master Saide aiwatar da tallan kayan kawa. Kuma bayan wasu lokaci a kan site m kwarangwal fita a aikin na art.

Sculptures sanya daga takarda ɓangaren litattafan almara

Ba kowane mutum zai iya taimaka a fantasy su yi tunanin cewa gaskiya artists ne iya haifar da daga papier-mache. Photo mafi yawan wadannan Masterpieces na sculptural art fascinate kuma yi sha'awan da basira na Masters wannan harka.

Da zarar samfurin kera da kuma bushe, ya zo na biyu da manyan mataki na aiki. Yanzu master smooths surface na sassaka, tafiyad da wani bakin ciki Layer na papier-mache. Yawancin lokaci a cikin abun da ke ciki na yin tallan kayan kawa papier-mache crafts da hannuwansu kara wa ruwa (ruwa da kuma manne), don haka da cewa ɓangaren litattafan almara ya zama mafi m, don haka da cewa ba za ka iya yi quite m aiki.

Bayan wani bushe master Picks sama mai kaifi wuka, kuma a hankali ya kawar da dukan dole ba. Sa'an nan kuma, yin amfani da wani bakin ciki nazhdachki aka kwace duk magudi.

Priming da kuma zanen kayayyakin - karshe da karshe mataki na aiki. Za a iya rufe da lacquer gama samfurin.

Paint kayayyakin daga papier-mache

Ko da ya fi sauki samfurin kamar wani akwatin ko bango farantin, ado jita-jita da farantansa, da gaskiya artist iya juya a cikin wani kyakkyawan halitta. Magana game da litattafansu, artists haifar da gagarumin ayyuka. Palekh, Khokhloma da Gzhel, Fedoskino da kuma Gabas dada - duk wadannan yankunan a yau ake nuna a cikin papier-mâché.

A mafi muhimmanci ...

Abin da dabara na yin kayayyakin daga papier-mache zabi master, duk abin da ya m ra'ayin, yana da muhimmanci cewa artist ta hanyar aikinsa zuwa ta m, bayyana kansu, kokarin kai wa wasu abin da ya kula game. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, watakila, bayan ganin hotuna da Masterpieces na real Masters na rai zama haske da kuma farin ciki. Zama m da kuma haifar da, da za a gina, da kuma iya rinjãya a duniya na kyakkyawa!