Peter Theotokos: tsohon tarihin

A icon, wanda za a tattauna kara, shi aka sani, ta marubucin aka dangana ga Lardi na Kiev da kuma All Rasha Bitrus, wanda ya rayu a cikin XIII karni. Ya na farko Metropolitan, wanda dindindin wurin zama a cikin 1325, Moscow ya zama. Peter Theotokos - kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, kuma an girmama matsayin banmamaki. A bikin a Darajarsa ta faruwa a ranar Satumba 6 a cikin sabon kalanda, a kan wannan rana da Church juyayin tunawa da canja wurin da na ba mai sãkẽwa ba kaya daga St. Bitrus a cikin sabuwar gina Church na ɗauka (1479).

St. Bitrus Ratensky (ko Ratsky)

An haife shi a Volyn a wani taƙawa iyali na Theodore. Uwarsa - Eupraxia - ko da kafin a haifi ɗansa shi ya Ubangiji hangen nesa, wanda ya bayyana cewa, ta yaro zai bauta ga ɗaukakar Allah.

A cikin shekaru 12 da matasa Peter shiga Volyn Transfiguration sufi, inda ya kasance mafi yawansu ya lokaci kishin nazarin Littafi da iconography. Your icon ya ba zuhudu 'yan'uwantaka da kuma Kiristoci ziyarci su sufi. Daya daga cikinsu - Bitrus Theotokos dating baya zuwa 1327 shekara, bisa ga Rayuwa na saint. A icon da icon na ɗauka Maryama, St Peter, shan svjatitelskogo albarka, ya gabatar da kyauta ga Lardi na All Rasha Maxim ziyarci masu tsarki makõmarsu. Bitrus da icon ya aika zuwa Vladimir, wanda aka located sa'an nan Department of Lardi na Kiev, kuma kafin icon na ɗauka, ya yi addu'a da duk rayuwarsa.

The banmamaki image. Peter Theotokos: photo

A 1305, bayan ya koma ga Ubangiji Lardi Maxim, Vladimir sashen ya free shekara uku na lokatan wahala, sa'an nan ya tafi wani wuri Primate shawarwari. Bagalike prince Yury aiki Bitrus ya Konstantinoful, kuma Michael Yaroslavovich Tver da Vladimir - a Zaloti - mazaunin na Gerontius. Za a hanya zuwa Konstantinoful, Gerontius dauki tare da shi Bitrus da icon na saint da sanda. Lokacin da aka tafiya a kan teku, ya yi hangen nesa. The Mother of Allah ya gaya masa a banza da aiki, ga shi ba zai samu da daraja na saint, zai kasance a cikin mutum wanda ya rubuta ta image - wani bawan ta Dan - Ratsky mazaunin Bitrus, wanda zai dauki kursiyin Rasha archdiocese, ya faranta wa Allah rai zai tsira a cikin tsufa, da kuma farin ciki zai tafi zuwa ga Ubangijin kowa.

A Tsargrade Geronty saninsa ba da ya yi magana game da tunaninsa na sarki na Konstantinoful Athanasius, kuma ya dauki sandarsa, da kuma icon shige su Bitrus da albarka zama Lardi na All Rasha. Sai Bitrus Theotokos koma zuwa ga mahalicci, kuma ya tafi zuwa Vladimir. Kuma a lokacin da a 1325 Rasha Metropolitan koma daga Vladimir zuwa Moscow, ga Lardi Peter koma da icon da kuma sanya shi a cikin ɗauka cewa Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin.

veneration

Kullum tare da wannan icon ya shafi mai yawa ban sha'awa abubuwan tarihin. Alal misali, da sarki da Ayuba, sa'ad da na tafi Boris Godunov, ya dauki mulkin, shan tare da shi uku icons - Bitrus, Vladimir da kuma Don.

Kuma a cikin 1613, Petrov ya ɗauki gunkin da girmamãwa tawagar daga Ryazan Archimandrite Theodoret, wanda ya tafi zuwa Kostroma kira sarauta Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova da kuma kawo ƙarshen da matsaloli.

A tarihin Ikilisiya na XV karni icon na Bitrus da aka ambata a cikin labarin na ceto na Moscow daga invaders da aka kira "zhivotvorivoy" da kuma, mafi m, yana tsaye a bakin kabarin na St. Bitrus. Ta musamman girmamawa Moscow Primate, shi ya kawo da ibãda a kan wuraren bauta ko addini processions.

Zato Cathedral na Kremlin

Yau Peter ne Theotokos a ɗauka cewa Cathedral, yawancin masana a iconography ta bayar da hujjar cewa, wannan ne icon, wanda aka rubuta ta Saint Peter, ko da yake akwai da'awar cewa ta asali bace ko kafin juyin juya halin.

A lokacin XIX - XX karni, wannan tsoho icon gaske bace daga cikin babban coci, amma akwai wani icon-pyadnitsa, girman wanda amounted zuwa 30.5 a kan 24,5sm. Its asalinsa ba a sani ba, amma sai aka kwanan rana marigayi XIV - farkon XV karni da kuma aka located a cikin iyaka iconostasis a ɗauka cewa Cathedral. Ã'a, shi ne girmama tsoho hanya, kamar yadda evidenced ta m jerin sanya a 1614 Nazariem Savinym. Duk da haka dai, ya kawai ya mayar da ita, kuma rubũtacce a matsayin "Bitrus."

Peter Theotokos: game da addu'a

Bitrus icon ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girmama wuraren bautar na Rasha da kuma alama ce farkon samuwar Moscow. Godiya ta al'ajibi masu yawa da events ga Orthodox Kiristoci, da waraka da aka samu. Shi ya zama mai iko alama ce kariya daga Rasha daban-daban kufai.

Kafin cewa, hanyar mutanen da addu'a ga wani farin ciki da aure, da yara a cikin hali na rashin haihuwa da kuma taimakawa a wuya haihuwa, da kuma cututtuka daban-daban. A irin haka ne, kullum karanta Akathist ga Uwar Allah icon Bitrus.

Wannan icon nasa ne mafi fi so ga Rasha mutane, da irin Uwar Allah, kuma mafi kusa iconographic misalin wannan hoton ne Vladimir Icon.

iconography

A Bitrus icon na Virgin kuma Child aka nuna busts. Its halayyar alama ne cewa Virgin runguman baby da hannunsa na hagu da kuma dama ke nuna shi, wanda shi ne duk da True Way da Rayuwa. A hannun dama na Uwar Allah yana da wani ma'anar - mahaifiyar rungumi ta Ɗan. Hands na Kristi Mai-Ceto amsa zuwa ga uwar ta soyayya da kuma tausayi. Ya guga man a kan mahaifiyarka, a ta hagu riko da wani littafi, su kuma sa albarka a hannunsa na dama shimfida a kan ƙirji na Virgin. Wannan zafi ne canjawa wuri zuwa ga magana daga juna soyayya na Virgin kuma Child.

Addu'a Bitrus icon na Uwar Allah ta fara da kalmomin: "Oh, Mai jin ƙai Lady Uwar Allah, sarauniyar sama, salihi mu bege ...."