Rasha ado: jawo. Ukrainian ado

Kamar kowane tsoho jama'a art, ado yana da nasa tushen sa. Yana da wani fasaha wajen isar da gaskiya ruhu na mutane. Gudanar da tarihi line, wadda ta bayyana da kasa haukan. Saboda haka, abin da yake a halin yanzu ornamental art?

Mene ne abin kwaikwaya

Tare da kalmar "kwaikwaya" mun haɗu da quite sau da yawa, kuma yawanci zaton cewa cikakken fahimta ma'anarta. Amma dai itace, shi ne ba don haka sauki. Hakika, ado - zane sanya a cikin wani musamman hanya a kan wani surface. Amma inda muka samu kalmar? Sai dai itace cewa shi ya zo daga Latin ornamentum, wanda ke nufin "ado." Wannan zanen da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a zamanin d kayan ado ga tufafi, makamai, iyali kaya, yadudduka. A mafi kusa ga wannan lokaci ne har yanzu dace 'yan qasar Rasha kalmar "kwaikwaya." A kwatankwaci da, da ornamental juna kusan sauti kimiyance, amma shi ne mai magana mafi kyau nuna jigon da harka. A ka'ida, da zanen ne mahara maimaitawa a juna a wani musamman jerin.

Ina mamaki da wani abu dabam: yamma ornamental juna ba a dauke mai raba aiki na gwaninta, wajen shi tana nufin kawai ga salo. A halin yanzu, a Rasha har cikin tsakiyar karni na 19th, wadannan alamu ba kawai da yanayin kayan ado, amma kuma yana da wani musamman abõkin muhimmanci.

Alal misali, an yi imani da cewa wasu ornamental alamu a kan tufafi iya kare daga mugayen ruhohi da kuma miyagun abubuwa - yunwa, makiya, rauni a wajen yaki ko mutuwa ... saboda haka, wadannan alamu da aka yi tare da matuqar kula da daidaici. Ko da iyayengijinsu ba quite gane darajar da suka haifar da zane-zane, suna maimaita ta a cikin daki-daki, abin da aka gada suke a gabãninsu.

Hakika, zane kayayyaki, alamu - shi ne wani ɓangare na zamanin d Rasha al'adu, da suka kawo da yawa daga Russia. A farkon wannan art ke mayar wa zamanin da, sai anjima, cewa shi ne domin tabbatar, idan aka haife shi a fasaha, shi ne kawai zai yiwu ba.

Ma'ana ado

Zane, kayayyaki, alamu, musamman ma wadanda suka zo mana daga tsufa, magana game da mahanga da kuma hadisai na mutane na zamanin d epochs. A wannan yanayin, duk abin da aka yi wa tsoho art ya ba zalla inji maimaitawa umarnin. Shi ya sa a farkon karni na karshe akwai wani hadisi daga abin da ake kira schitok. Yana shi ne cewa matasa Masters kawo aikin da haihuwa kauyen needlework for musamman taron. Ga 'yan mata magana a cikin daki-daki, game da abin da suka tsaya ga kõre da mai walƙiya, haka bada a kan, musamman "gwajin".

Sha'awa, da na lissafi juna-zane na lokaci zai iya zama quite mamaki ga wani zamani mutum hankalta. A musamman, daya daga cikin na kowa alama wani Swastika! An dauke da wata ãyã daga haihuwa, wata alama ce da na halitta hawan keke.

Yau, m "Hitlerism" a zamanin d ado iya zama da yawa gigice. Amma da makamashi da wannan alama ne sosai high. Saboda haka, kamar yadda suka faɗa, daga song kalmomi ba zai iya shafe!

Ado da alamu a kan jita-jita. Khokhloma

A cikin tsohon kwana a Lower Volga yankin akwai wani hadisin zuwa cin m alamu katako kayayyakinsa. Farko da maigidana kara bowls, kofuna da cokula na alder. Sa'an nan jita-jita da aka bi a hanya ta musamman, fentin alamu da samar da wani tempering gagarumar wuta. Haka ne ta zo da sanannen Rasha Khokhloma. Its "haskaka" shi ne cewa hardening kayayyakinsa, da alamu a kan shi samun wani musamman zinariya kyalkyali, wanda ya ba wani sabon abu festive katako kayayyakin da tsada bayyanar.

Yau, hohloma, musamman sanya ta Masters a Rasha hinterland, an yaba da a kasuwannin duniya. Buyers daga m kasashen wajaba a yaba Masterpieces na Rasha aiyuka art.

Ukrainian ado kayayyaki da kuma alamu

Ukrainian ado hadisin an ma kafe a tsufa. Yawancin lokaci amfani a matsayin dalilin da ganuwar gidaje, kayayyakinsa da sauran abubuwa. A wannan abin kwaikwaya shi ya ƙunshi arna alamomin da musamman alfarma muhimmanci. A wannan yanayi, musamman sha'awa samu tsafi - fentin da musamman m alamu, ainihin ma'anar wanda yake shi ne kawai 'yan sani.

A tsawon lokaci, duk da haka, alamu fara fenti ba kawai m crafts, amma kuma sauran abubuwa.

Ukrainian ornamental symbolism

Babban haruffa a kan wadannan ado sun siffar da rãnã da ruwa. Kuma shi ne wani daidaituwa. A rana aka dauke wata alama ce maza. Ruwa, kamar yadda mahaifiyar dukan abubuwa masu rai - mata. Wadannan biyu aka gyara su ne iya ba duniya wani sabon rai. Shi ya sa ba wannan ado aka dauke da nufin nemo rai aboki ko karfafa data kasance iyali haihuwar jariri.

, Zane aka yaushe sanya sosai m idan muka yi magana game da Ukrainian ado. Na bayar da muhimmanci shi ne image da tsuntsãye. Wadannan hotunan alamar mutum rai. Amma kurciyoyi, ko shaho in Ukrainian ado wakilci masoya da suke a shirye don ƙirƙirar wani biyu.

Petrikov zanen

Petrikov zanen ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau da aka sani, kuma mafi kowa iri ornamented Ukrainian art. Its sunan zo daga kauye Petrikovka da Dnipropetrovsk yankin, inda akwai mafi talented sana'a na harka. Suka har yanzu ci gaba da tsoho ta asĩri.

"Petrikovka", kamar yadda suka kira wannan irin art misali ne na ado da kuma ornamental jama'a art. Da zarar kan wani lokaci haka kawai fentin ganuwar da gidaje, amma a kan lokaci, biya haraji ga sabon salo da kuma abokan ciniki 'request, master fara ado iri-iri na iyali kayan, a gaskiya, su juya su a cikin ado abubuwa. Saboda haka, Petrikov zanen za a iya samu a cikin ƙirãza, jama'a kida, tawul din da smocks. Bugu da ƙari, ko da fentin hay da sleigh!

Dole ne in ce cewa Petrikov zanen kamar babu sauran irin ado art, da kuma nuna da yayi na 'yan lokutan. Yana suka yadu a yi amfani jiki art. Wannan Trend ya watsa a cikin wani nau'i na musamman makaranta na art da iyayengijinsu, su kuma hadisai.

Bugu da kari, a yau da fasahar ya iya mayar da ain zanen, gilashin, da kuma waɗansu da yawa, da farko duba, ba su dace da abubuwan ado.

A karshe, za mu lura cewa Rasha da kuma Ukrainian ado ko da yake suna da wani yawan siffofin kullum gani rai guda daga cikin Slavic mutane - ko da kuwa kasar su zama Masters.