River kifi Rasha: jerin da kuma bayanin jinsunan

Duniyar mu ga miliyoyin shekaru da aka sanaki da yawa daban-daban dabbobi. Daga gare su akwai wata musamman irin - kifi. Suna cika koguna, Lakes, tekuna da kuma tekuna. Wadannan dabbobi taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin halitta abinci sarkar da kuma a cikin mutum mazauninsu. Dukansu marine da ruwa tare kifi ne tushen abinci ga mutane, magunguna da kuma takin noma, kazalika da albarkatun kasa domin haske masana'antu. Mene ne mazaunan waɗansu kõguna na kasar mu, yadda za su tsira, kuma abin da za su ci? Wannan batu ya cancanci ya dace da hankali, domin duk rayayyun kwayoyin halitta a duniya ne dole links yanayi.

Kifi na gudãna a Rasha

Mafi na kowa kifi da cewa rayuwa a cikin koguna na Rasha, ne sturgeon, Pike, burbot, catfish, sturgeon, stickleback, bream, kifi, irin kifi, perch, irin kifi, rudd. Kuma wannan ba irga na su. Domin ya fi sauri kogin kifi hada da kifi, Dace, nase, Chub da sabrefish kuma mafi brisk - rudd, bream, roach, bream, tench da kuma irin kifi. Wadannan na cikin ruwa vertabrate kasu kashi predatory da kuma zaman lafiya da mazaunanta. Daga wannan rabo ne kai tsaye related da kuma abin da ya ci kogin kifi. A farko feed karami wakilan wannan aji, da kuma na biyu shi ne su ciyar mafi yawan su lokaci a search na plankton da shuka abinci. A cikin ruwan Rasha, musamman a lokacin rani, hanzari girma iri-iri na algae, wanda suke gida crustaceans da molluscs. Kuma shi ne ba kawai abinci, amma a irin delicacy for kifi. Da yara guda (msl, Pike-perch, da perch), bi da bi, ci karami kifi.

The most wakilan kogin kifi

Yau da wani ruwa tare kifi, wanda shi ne tsayin fiye 1.80 mita da kuma wani nauyi na ba kasa da 90 kg, an dauke su manyan mutane. A rikodin ga mafi girma a yawan jinsunan wadannan su ne na cikin ruwa vertabrate. Daya daga cikinsu - da fari sturgeon. Ta nauyi kai 1400 kg, da kuma tsawon - game da biyar mita. Ba nisa a baya sturgeon kuma Pike size. The most daga cikin wakilan hadu a arewacin waɗansu kõguna na Rasha.

Turai (vulgaris) som ne yin la'akari game da 350 kg, kuma har zuwa 4.5 mita a tsawon. Ya zaune a kusan dukkanin manyan koguna na biyu Rasha da kuma CIS. Catfish ne sabon abu a cewa jiki kunshi wata babbar kai kuma, wata babbar wutsiya.

A mafi muhimmanci da ruwa tare kifi

Rasha River kifi da su mafi muhimmanci da samfurori. A mafi tsada da su ne Rasha Beluga. Saboda haka, misali, kama a cikin kogin shuru Pine mace, yin la'akari 1227 kg, 240 kg ba da sosai high quality qwai. Its darajar yau ne game da mutum ɗari biyu da dubu daloli.

Na biyu mafi tsada ne irin kifi. A nasa ne da category daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kasuwanci kifi. Alal misali, a cikin seventies, a cikin Volga River Delta irin kifi kama da aka yi ba kasa da dubu goma ton a kowace shekara.

Kifi Primorye kõguna

Rasha yana a sararin ƙasa, wanda yake cikin ruwa da sanaki yawa jinsuna daban na kifi. Saboda haka, idan akai la'akari da mazaunan sabo kududdufai na Primorsky Territory, za ka iya ƙidaya game da ɗari da hamsin iri. Wasu, kamar Sakhalin taimen ko da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Sauran kogin kifi Primorye iya fariya da mafi m sunayen - misali, maciji catcher, doki-Gubarev Elopichthys Bambusa da skygazer. Bugu da kari a wadannan kifaye a cikin gida sabo ruwa sanaki da Amur Pike, catfish, irin kifi, irin kifi, kifi, Lenka, kunzhdy da Grayling. Daya daga cikin sosai Hardy, kuma kowa kifi Primorsky Territory ne rudd. Ko da yake da yawa yan unguwa la'akari da shi ma fitar kasusuwan jikinsu, amma da dandano halaye, shi ne kwazazzabo. Rudd ne na iri biyu: melkocheshuychataya da krupnocheshuychataya. Yawanci, wannan kifi ke tsiro zuwa rabin mita a tsawon kuma ku auna nauyi zuwa shida kilo.

Fishing a cikin unguwannin bayan gari

Ga masoya na kifi shekaru da yawa, Moscow da ya rage a fi so wuri don wani m hutu. A ban mamaki yanayi, m marece, sabo iska da yalwa da kifi a cikin tafkunan - duk da ka bukata don Rasha kama kifi. River Pakhra, Severka, Ruza, Istra, Nerskaya River, Protva, Nara, Besputa River, Dubna, 'yar'uwar da sauransu boye a ruwa, da dama rare da kuma dadi kifi. Wannan perch, da kuma irin kifi, da kuma irin kifi, da kuma roach, Pike da gudgeon da bream, kuma Chub da bream, kuma Chub da kuma damuwa. Moscow kogin kifi an kama kamar yadda ta hanyar sandunansu, kuma tare da taimakon spinniga, tashi kama kifi, jirgin ruwan da tyukalki.

Pike - Garuruwa Sarauniyar kõguna

Da yake jawabi na kifi, wanda ake samu a yankin na Rasha, ba a ma maganar da hali na Rasha tatsuniyoyi - da Pike. Yana zaune ba kawai a cikin ruwan kasar, amma kuma a cikin waɗansu kõguna na Turai, Asiya da Amurka. Pike size aka qaddara abinci: da ya fi girma da talakawan size of kifaye a cikin kogi, da more iya girma da kuma Pike. An dauke da daya daga cikin mafi predatory ruwa tare kifi. Its bayyanar shi ne gaba daya ya shaida wannan: dogon Tapered shugaban tare da wata babbar baki da kuma kuri'a na kaifi hakora dubi razanarwa. Mutane da yawa kogin kifi sun zama ganima ga wannan agile predator. Launi Pike mafi yawa launin toka-kore, da speckles. Saboda da m cylindrical jiki, su motsa da sauri da kuma sauri. Pike ciyar da yafi finer kifi (roach, perch da sauransu), amma sau da yawa akwai lokuta cin da mutane daga cikin wannan jinsin. Bugu da kari, rage cin abinci na wadannan yara da kuma ya hada da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, da kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe da manyan kwari, da kuma daban-daban ragowar, da kuma kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da kuma ko da kajin na waterfowl.

Rare da miyagun kifi

Yau a kan ƙasa na Rasha a cikin mutum hannu da kuma kula bukatar da yawa kogin kifi, cikin jerin abin da aka kara a kowace shekara. Wadannan sun hada da Azov sturgeon, sturgeon, Volga herring, Volkhov whitefish, black irin kifi, farin Baikal Grayling, Baikal sturgeon, Bullhead, Kamchatka kifi da sauransu. Duk wadannan kifaye ne a kan gab da nau'i nau'i. Samun a kalla Volkhov whitefish cewa a baya, kafin yi na Volkhov hydroelectric iko tashar (1925), taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sana'ar kamun kifaye da aka kora a cikin manyan yawa a cikin koguna Volkhov, Syaz, Svir.

Baikal sturgeon kama a cikin karni na sha tara ya kai dubu uku quintals, kuma a cikin nineties karni na ashirin da aka rage wa mutum ɗari biyu da kilo. Yau, mafi yawan ruwa tare kifi samu a Lake Baikal da ƙõramu sunã gudãna a cikin shi - da Angara, Kitoe, White, Selenge, Barguzin da Khamar-Daban. A irin wannan rabo da fari Grayling baicalensis ma baya tartsatsi a cikin wadannan ruwayen.

Wani nau'in, ha] ari, shi ne baki irin kifi. Saboda kaifi karu a yawan kifaye a cikin seventies na karshe karni shi ya kasance mai ban a ta kama. Yau, da baki irin kifi samu a Lake Khanka, kuma a cikin koguna Amur da Ussuri.

Rinjayar da muhalli halin da ake ciki

Abin baƙin ciki, da muhalli halin da ake ciki rinjayar da yawa kogin tsarin. Popular sau da yawa akwai lokuta na kogin gurbatawa watsi da masana'antu da kuma masana'antu shuke-shuke, stormwater najasa, da suka hada da wani iri-iri m sunadarai. River kifi, crayfish, kunkuru da kuma sauran mazaunan a irin wannan yanayi ba wai kawai canza su hanyarsa ta rayuwa, amma kuma da wadanda ke fama da maye gurbi ko bace. Kuma shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa rashin hankali a kan wani ɓangare na al'umma zai iya kai wa ga irreparable muhalli bala'i.