Rotko Mark. Zane-zane a cikin style of m expressionism

Tsokaci art, ba-haƙiƙa zanen ba zai iya zama sanyi natsuwa analysis. Kerawa da artist kamar yadda Rothko, Mark, wanda zane-zane dauke da wani ambato na abubuwa daga real duniya - m art a cikin purest siffan. A dabaru da kuma search for saba kiyasi na iya tsoma baki tare da ji na viewer a cikin hanyar Rothko magana, a search na da artist ya wuce dogon da wuya hanya.

Neman hanyar

Markus Yakovlevich Rotkovich aka haife shi a 1903 a garin Dvinsk Vitebsk lardin (yanzu da Latvian Daugavpils). Bayan shekaru 10, iyalinsa suka yi hijira zuwa {asar Amirka, da kuma dole ne ya tafi, ta hanyar gwaji da yawa na rayuwa. Ya ba nan da nan nemi hanya a rayuwa, bazata fadi a cikin wani m matsakaici. A 30-40-ies karni na karshe, shi ne Amurka ya zama cibiyar avant-garde art - nan aka tilasta fitar da m artists na totalitarian jihohi na Turai.

A shekara ta 1938 da artist samu da Rotko Mark sunan. The zane-zane na wannan lokaci, da ya halitta rinjayi cubofuturists Mark Weber (1881-1961) da kuma surrealist Arshile Gorky (1904-1948). Nemo ka hanya a Rothko dauki lokaci mai tsawo. Ya yi mashi lokaci na babbar sha'awa da kuma alama da zanen: hotuna da kuma cityscapes ( "Woman Sewing", 1935, "A cikin jirgin karkashin kasa," 1938). Surreal motifs a cikin aikinsa tsananta da jan sabon falsafa ideas: sha'awa a cikin sume, zuwa ciki duniya na wani mutum, to da automatism na magana da motsin zuciyarmu da kuma kwaikwayo.

Na farko, da zamanin babban mawuyacin, sa'an nan hango wani sabon duniya yaki halitta mai zaman yanayi a wadda rasa gargajiya da waɗansu alãmõmi. The artist ne neman goyon baya a mythological batutuwa ( "Antigone", 1941 "Tsari irin na danniya tsuntsu", 1945), sa'an nan ya zo a gaba daya ba haƙiƙa zanen.

Tun da farkon 50s aka karshe kafa irin wannan m sabon abu kamar yadda Rothko. Mark, wanda hotuna sun biyu ko uku a layi daya kunkuntar murabba'i mai dari, samo hanyar. Zanen launi filayen - irin wannan definition samu zargi daga hanya domin Rothko.

A sauki tsari zuwa hadaddun ideas

The artist kansa bai so a bayyana hoto kuma zai ba jure lokacin da wasu suka aikata. Bai yi kokarin bayyana shirin ne, sabili da haka, a cikin dakunan da gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda aka wakilta Mark Rothko - zane-zane da lakabi a cikin wani nau'i na serial number da kuma kwanan wata halitta.

Ya ba zai iya yarda da ake kira wani abstractionist, domin ya yi tunani ya zane-zane gani hakikanin rai, masu rai, neman lamba tare da masu sauraro.

Barnatar, ya kasance da ra'ayin kaina a matsayin artist - "colourist", ko da yake ya yi aiki ko da yaushe a hankali tare da launi, ko ta hannu shafa pigments, cimma da ake so launi makirci da kuma irin zane. More muhimmanci shi ne ya yi ĩmãni da taro rabo da ƙara na tubalan cewa yin up abun da ke ciki.

Zanen kamar wasan kwaikwayo

A cikin matasa, Rothko so tsanani tafiyar da ban mamaki art, kuma kusan tafi addashin aji. Ya qagaggun ya sau da yawa ake kira wasanin kwaikwayo, da kuma shi ne mai sauki a yi wasannin shimfidar wuri. Wannan na iya bayyana wani bangare na rinjayar Rothko ta zane-zane a kan masu sauraro.

Mutane da yawa sun lura da m hannu a cikin sarari na zanen. Daukan hotuna na ayyukan da artist ya zaɓi wani kunn wucin gadi haske, kusan faɗuwar rana. A nesa a wadda ta bada shawarar a kula da hotunan Rothko m at 18 (inci 45 cm). Ganin gani vibration kan iyakoki na launin tubalan, da heterogeneity na Paint shafi (sau da yawa Multi-mai lebur), za a iya bayyana ta da abin da ya faru na tashin hoto zurfin sarari, bada Yunƙurin mafi m motsin zuciyarmu.

Rothko Chapel

Ta yaya muhimmanci ya ga artist zanen kungiyar na sararin samaniya da kuma hanyoyi na ji daga cikin zane-zane, za ka iya ganin daga tarihin aikinsa a kan zane na ɗakin sujada na Church a Cibiyar a Houston addini. Babbar mural fentin ga ɗakin sujada, located a cikin gabatarwa tsara ta shan la'akari da buri na Rothko. Mark, wanda zane-zane a cikin wannan hali, kusan monochrome, ya halarci a cikin zane da kuma lighting na cikin dakin.

Church, wani ɓangare na abin da yake cikin ɗakin sujada, ba na zuwa a musamman addini, da kuma kishin Allah. Meditative, nĩsanci mundane yanayi cika da octagonal zauren tare da wani haske Madogararsa dake a cikin Dome. A wannan zauren, da kuma sanya Mark Rothko zanen. Photo nuna abin da wani karfi ra'ayi yana da irin wannan daukan hotuna.

The dogon hanya zuwa fitarwa

Personal rayuwa yanayi na artist ba sauki. Long shekaru talauci, rashin bangaskiya a cikin mutane mafi kusa zuwa da basira ƙwarai rinjayi shi, don haka aikin Mark Rothko wuya kaffa. Ko da abun da ke ciki daga cikin haske da kuma block dumi launuka cusa karfi da motsin zuciyarmu ban mamaki. The magana na bala'i a cikin rayuwar al'umma da kuma kowane mutum yana kira da babban jigo na artist.

Mutuwa kamar yadda hoto na karshe,

A marigayi 60 ta zo ga daraja, da kudi, amma hauhawar rashin lafiya, iyali matsaloli. Fabrairu 25, 1970 da artist kashe kansa ta hanyar slashing jijiyoyinmu. Mark Rothko - hotuna, photos da ta an cika duk jaridu da mujallu - sa hannu na karshe yanki da ya ...

An ce, ya iya ba tunanin yadda ya zane-zane da aka sayi kawai ga ciki da ado. Bayan shekaru biyu a kan tsari ga mafi tsada gidan cin abinci a New York, Rothko koma da gaba kuma ya ki aiki a lokacin da ya gabatar da taban da ake arziki, ganinki a kan panel.

A duniya mafi kyau tarin zamani art ba za a iya tunanin ba tare da hotuna, wanda rubuta Mark Rothko. "Orange, Red, Yellow", "White Center" - na wadannan zane-zane da aka biya a gwanjo gaya miliyoyin daloli. Wadannan alkaluma suna musamman ta da hankali mazaunan, wanda ganin kawai irregularly shaded spots, kada ma su damu da daukar wani mataki wajen sabon tunani da motsin zuciyarmu. Kuma nawa 'yanci, nawa kuma akuba a mutum da wani artist?