Sake haifar da rhododendrons da cuttings, layers da tsaba. Rhododendrons: Karuwa da Kulawa

Rhododendrons na kowa ne a Arewacin Hemisphere. Yawancin lokaci ana samun wannan shuka a yankunan teku na teku, koguna, kogin ruwa. Fure-fure na nau'in nau'in wannan shuka ya bambanta da siffar, launi da girman. Masana sunyi game da nau'in nau'i 3000, siffofin da irin lambun rhododendron.

Dasa rhododendron

A cikin yanayinmu, ana iya dasa bishiyoyi na rhododendrons mai hunturu. Girma da kula da waɗannan tsire-tsire ne mai sauki. Za a iya aiwatar da shuka a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin kaka. Zai fi dacewa a sanya itace mai ruwan hoda a arewacin ginin, a cikin inuwa. Dole ne kasar gona ta kasance mai laushi, mai tsabta, mai arziki a humus, acidic. Makwabta na rhododendron na iya zama itacen oak, Pine, larch, pear da apple.

Don dasa rami ya kamata a shirya tare da diamita na 60 cm kuma zurfin 40 cm 8. Buckets na cakuda mai cakuda peat da loam a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1 ana zuba cikin shi. A cakuda yana da kyau a raye a kasa, yana fitar da rami a cikin rami don tushen seedling.

Dole ne a sauko da girbi a cikin ruwa. Bayan an saukar da tushe a cikin rami kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa, ana raye shi sosai.

Goge yalwa shayar da ciyawa bishiya peat gansakuka ko Pine needles Layer 6 cm.

Sake gyaran rhododendron

Kuna so ku kasance da kyau a shafinku kamar yadda yake a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa? Amma yana nufin iyakance ne? Muna bayar da sayan daji da yawa kuma daga bisani yayi girma don yin kansu.

Sake gyaran rhododendrons a spring zai iya aiwatarwa a hanyoyi da dama. Wadannan hanyoyi sun baka damar karɓar sababbin shuke-shuke ba tare da bada kudi don sayen sabon seedlings ba. Abu na biyu shine don tambayar abu daga abokai. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya dauki kayan da ake bukata don samun sabon fure.

Hanyar haifuwa na rhododendron kai tsaye ya dogara da manufar namo. Lokacin da aka shimfiɗa wurare, wuraren shakatawa sukan saba amfani da ita. Don dasa shuki shuke-shuke a cikin kamfanoni, ana amfani da tsaba. Amma shayarwa suna aiki tare da hanyoyi masu mahimmanci.

Hanyar shuka

Babban hanyar haifuwa na rhododendrons iri ne. Don yin wannan, akwatunan da aka riga aka shirya da ƙananan ƙananan da ƙasa don gabatar da tsaba. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙasa na acidic na iska ko sassaucin tsarin. Irin wannan cakuda za a iya saya cikin shagon, kuma zaka iya yin shi da kanka.

Akwai hanyoyi biyu na shirya ƙasa:

• Turf ƙasa, yashi, kuma peat aka haxa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2: 3;
• Ɗauki yadu daidai, yaduwar ƙasa mai laushi da silt daga kandami kuma haɗuwa sosai.

Dasa da kulawa

A kasan akwatin shi wajibi ne don sanya malalewa daga claydite, a saman inda ƙasa ke cike da tsayi na 4-5 cm An gabatar da kayan mai saurin ciki a cikin akwatin, wanda daga bisani aka yayyafa shi da yashi. Zaka iya amfani da tsaba biyu da aka sayi, kuma an tattara ta da hannunka daga shuke-shuke ko na gida. Shuka tsaba shi ne mafi alheri a cikin marigayi Janairu - farkon Fabrairu.

Muna yin hothouse, yana rufe akwatin da gilashi har sai fitowar. Lokaci-lokaci, an tashe shi don samun iska da kuma rigakafin dampness. A yanayi zazzabi ya zama daga 15 zuwa 20 ° ^C. A mafi yawan lokuta, da kwalaye da aka adana a cikin greenhouses. Kula da hankali sosai ga abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa. Ana amfani da ruwa ta hanyar jigilar jigilar ta atomater. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi - narke ko ruwan kogi.

Makonni biyu bayan dasa shuki, ana iya ganin sabbin furanni. Bayan 'yan watanni, an kara gina jiki. Young shuke-shuke suna ciyar da tare da bayani na potassium, urea da phosphate. Takin tsire-tsire sau biyu a wata. Wajibi ne don cire weeds yau da kullum kuma a kwantar da hankali cikin ƙasa.

A lokacin rani, ana sanya akwatin da ruwan hoda a kan titi a cikin inuwa. Lokacin da farkon ganye ya fara bayyana, kowane ɓangaren ƙwayar cuta ya rabu kuma an dasa shi cikin sabon akwati. Duk lokacin rani da shuka ya kamata girma da ƙarfafawa. Ya kamata a tsabtace shi, ya rabu da shi, ya hadu da shi. Daga kaka har zuwa lokacin rani mai zuwa ya kamata a motsa shi zuwa wani greenhouse. Wato na gaba mai shuka ya sake yin ruwa. Tare da zuwan zafi, ana fitar da man fetur mai laushi cikin titi. A cikin gonar, zaka iya shuka kananan bishiyoyin rhododendron kawai bayan shekara daya, a farkon watan Agusta. Kuma a cikin shekaru biyar zaka iya motsa mutumin kirki a filin bude, zuwa penumbra, zuwa "wurin zama na dindindin". Lokacin flowering yana farawa a cikin shekaru 4.

Kamar yadda kake gani, haifuwa da bishiyoyin rhododendron ba wuya.

Yankan

Wannan hanya tana da amfani mai mahimmanci a kan zuriyar. Hakika, shuke-shuke girma daga cuttings, sauri Bloom. Lokacin flowering yana farawa bayan shekara bayan dasa.

Hanya ta hanyar rhododendrons na faruwa kamar haka. Tare da karamin daji, wani kara da ci gaba da kodan kodaya biyu an yanke shi. Ana cire dukkan ƙananan ganye kuma an sanya shi cikin ruwa. Masana sun bayar da shawarar yin amfani da cututtukan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da manyan inflorescences. Dole ne a gudanar da tsarin da sassafe.

Ya kamata a shirya ƙasa. Don yin wannan, yalwata ƙasa da peat da yashi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2. Kafin kayi abu a cikin kasa, ya kamata ka yanke kashinta na baya. Yi karamin gilashi, ajiye gilashin gilashin sama da aka dasa.
Watering ya kamata a yi ta hanyar hanyar ban ruwa na ƙasa a kusa da tsari. Mini-greenhouse damar samar da sharadi gwargwado ga ci gaban da tushen tsarin da seedling:

• Haske mafi kyau;
• Ƙunƙarar zafi;
• Kasashen da ba su da amfani.

Dole ne a rufe akwati da cututtukan gilashi, wanda aka cire kawai don tsawon ban ruwa.

Shuka dasawa

Bayan watanni 2 da tsire-tsire take da tushe. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a dasa bishiyoyin rhododendron zuwa wani akwati, tare da wata ƙasa. Zaka kuma iya yin shi da kanka. Zai dauki kashi 1 na ƙasar coniferous, 1 ɓangare na yashi, 2 sassa na ƙasa ganye da kuma 2 sassa na peat. Kaka ganga ya kamata a mayar da su a sanyi wuri a yanayi zazzabi ^na 5 C.

Kashe na gaba, ana iya dasa bishiya mai ruwan hoda a cikin ƙasa mai bude tare da inuwa mai warwatse. Ya kamata a sarrafa shi ta hanyar zafi na duniya. Dukkan abubuwan da aka saukar suna bukatar a cire su. A wani wuri na dindindin za'a iya shuka shuka lokacin da aka kafa tsari mai layi.

Sake gyaran rhododendrons ta wurin cuttings yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka fi dacewa a yankin mu.

Sake haifar da yadudduka

Hanyar da ta fi sauƙi don ninkawa rhododendrons shine amfani da yadudduka. An bayyana yanayin rayuwa mai girma na sababbin shuke-shuke. Wannan hanyar haifuwa ana amfani dashi a sauƙaƙe na mãkirci masu zaman kansu. Dalilinsa shi ne tushen wani sabon flower a kusa da dajiyar uwar.

Yayin da ake yin rhododendron ta hanyar yadudduka, dole ne a zaba yawancin mai tushe mai kyau. An wanke kodan da ganye. A tsakiyar tsakiyar, an sanya kananan haɓaka. A wannan wuri za a kafa asalin sabon shuka. Jigon yana rataye cikin rami zuwa zurfin 15 cm kuma ya yayyafa shi da peat da ƙasa. Za a iya saita sandar a cikin wannan wuri tare da sashi. An bar saman sama a ƙasa kuma an ɗaure shi zuwa goyan baya.

Kula da Layer daidai ne da gadon da aka kafa. Wajibi ne a kula da duniyar ƙasa a kai a kai da kuma fushin harbi, wanda ya kasance a kan fuskar. Bai kamata ya bushe sama ba. Tsarin tushen shuka yana tasowa a hankali a farkon kakar. Gyara shuka kawai a cikin shekara mai zuwa. Ya kamata a sanya wurin a cikin penumbra.

Shuka kulawa bayan rabuwa

Ana tsayar da tsalle-tsalle kuma an rabu da su daga tsarin uwar ta hanyar tushen tsarin. Shekaru 2 na gaba yana wajibi ne a rika shayar da tsire-tsire a kai a kai da kuma yin kayan abinci. Bayan haka za a iya dasa bishiyar a wuri mai dindindin.

Idan kana so ka samu kawai irin furen a kan shafinka, to wannan hanya ita ce manufa. Tsire-tsire masu girma da wannan hanya suna halin da ke da karfi. Masana sun bada shawarar yin amfani da wannan hanyar haifuwa a cikin matsakaicin yanayi don cirewa na rhododendrons masu sanyi.

Samun rigakafi

Hanyar mafi mahimmanci na haifuwa daga wannan al'ada ita ce hanyar maganin alurar riga kafi. Ta hanyar hanyar rootstocks da kuma haɗuwa da harbe yana yiwuwa a samar da tsirrai da m shuke-shuke. Hanya na wannan hanya ita ce yiwuwar haɗa dukkan al'adu. Masana sunyi amfani da nau'i biyu na inoculations a cikin namo of rosewood:

• Oculization;
• Tsarin.

Oculization - ajiye a kan reshe na tushe na toho na shuka. Hanya - ajiye kara a cikin shear ko rufewa daga tushe.

Wannan hanya na rhododendrons na noma ya ba da damar shuka albarkatun gona da suka dace da yanayin musamman. A matsayin rootstock, zaka iya zaɓar iri-iri tare da tsarin da aka bunkasa. Kuma ga kyakkyawar kambi tare da babban adadin manyan inflorescences ya fi kyau amfani da iri na musamman. Dalili na iya bauta wa tsire-tsire har zuwa shekaru 5. Kullum harbe tare da ci gaba da kodan su ne manufa bambance-bambancen na grafted harbe.

Idan rhododendron an shirya ya yi girma a waje, ya kamata a gudanar da hanyar daga watan Afrilu, lokacin da aka kunna ruwan motsi a cikin shuka.

Grafting a cikin yanayin greenhouse

Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin wannan hanya a cikin yanayin greenhouse. A wannan yanayin, yawan cibiyoyin nasara yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa. Don wannan, a cikin kaka, ku fitar da kayan da aka samo daga ƙasa sannan ku dasa shi cikin tukunya. An dasa shuka a cikin wani gine-gine. 2 makonni kafin inoculation, harbe an shirya da kuma saukar da ruwa. Ana gudanar da wannan tsari a Fabrairu ko Maris. Haɗa abubuwa a cikin irin wannan wurin da yake kusa da ƙasa. Haɗin gwiwa an rufe shi da filastik ko wani tebur mai tsawa.

An dasa injin da gilashin gilashi. A yanayi zazzabi ya kamata a tsakanin 21 ^° C da ya kamata kuma kula da cewa shuka ba, a hasken rana kai tsaye. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata an yi amfani da man fetur a cikin rami mai zurfi.

Kula da rhododendron

Kuna so ku yi ado ƙasarku? Yi noma da girma rhododendrons! Kula da wadannan tsire-tsire iri ɗaya ne ga wasu. Ya kamata a shayar da shi, a yayyafa shi, a sako shi, a ciyar da shi da kuma siffar daji. Har ila yau, lokaci ya zama dole don yaki da kwari da cututtuka.

Ba zaku iya juyo da sassauta ƙasa kusa da daji ba, saboda kuna iya lalata tushen kusa da ƙasa. Saboda haka, ya kamata a cire weeds a hannu.

A lokacin da aka samu buds, rhododendron ya fi dacewa da buƙatar yanayi da ƙasa. Ana gudanar da ruwa ta ruwa mai laushi - kogi ko ruwan sama.

Shuka shuka bai zama dole ba, shi kanta ya samar da nau'i daidai. Idan kana so ka sake juyar daji ko cire tsofaffin harbe, to wannan hanya shine mafi kyau a farkon lokacin bazara.

Kammalawa

Rosewood itace kyakkyawan shuka wanda yake da kyau ga masu lambu. Sake gyaran rhododendron ta hanyar cuttings da tsaba shine hanyoyin da aka saba amfani dashi a yanayin yanayin mu.