Santa Fe - wani surface warship: halaye, aiki. Rasha Navy jiragen ruwa

Santa Fe - wani aji na fama surface jirãge cewa zai iya yi daban-daban ayyuka a offline yanayin, ko da kuwa babban jiragen ruwa. Kwanan nan, wannan irin jiragen ruwa tura da hada sassa na rundunar motoci, kunsha da dama raka'a, da kuma Kotun mayar da hankali a kan wani musamman irin aiki (yafi a cikin impedance na iska, ƙasa da tẽku iri maƙiyi kayan aiki). Halin yanzu ana amfani da Rasha Navy Cruisers, da Amurka da kuma Peru.

janar bayanai

A ci gaba da sojojin ruwa ya fara daga lokacin da Rasha Empire. Wasu ƙasashe a wannan batun, kuma kokarin kiyaye up. Wannan shi ne musamman gaskiya na Amurka, Faransa, Jamus, Japan da kuma Birtaniya. Santa Fe - shi ne daya daga cikin aka gyara daga cikin sojojin da raka'a, samar da jiha mulki, kuma kare shi daga makiya harin. Jirgin ruwa jiragen ruwa ba kawai samar da iko da ruwa da kan iyakoki, amma kuma suna goyon bayan ƙasar kashi.

A cikin Navy sanya da yawa ayyuka. Daga cikin su:

1. Tabbatar da tsaro a kasar.
2. Support for daban-daban da agaji da kuma gudanar da bincike yakin, ba su saba wa bukatun da ke jihar.
3. Gudanar da ciki da kuma hadin gwiwa bada.

A dangane da wannan sãɓãwar launukansa daidaitacce jiragen ruwa classified da darajõji bisa ga babban manufar. Azuzuwan da tasoshi, bi da bi, suna subdivided cikin wanɗannan ƙananan rukunoni. Bambanci tsakanin su ta'allaka ne da irin ikon shuka, muhallinsa, da manufa, akwai ƙarin damar. Grade hudu jirãge bayar a Rasha, mafi girma daga abin da aka dauke su da farko. La'akari da farko siffofi da wani taƙaitaccen bayanin da manufa da kuma Cruisers.

tarihi lokacin

A ra'ayi na "jirgin ruwa na soja" a cikin widest shiga a cikin goma sha bakwai karni. Wannan kalma a cikin waɗancan kwanaki nufi aiki da kansa yin iyo wuraren. Sunan ya ƙara da nufin sanin da manufa na jirgin, maimakon da tsarin. By kansu, da jirgin ya kananan, yana da wani takamaiman gudu da kuma maneuverability. Su aka yi amfani da bincike, sadarwa, mutum mataki don kare yankunan da Martial rikici.

Tuni a cikin 18th karni jirgin ruwa na soja - wani jirgin ruwa mai filafilai, wanda, tare da m girma yana high gudun. Yana sanya wani manyan bindigogi makami. Har ila yau a cikin wannan category ne corvettes, brigs, sloops, har ma da wasu gyare-gyare yin iyo wuraren.

Battlecruiser: kayan yau da kullum

Irin wannan tasoshin ake classified a matsayin nauyi surface jirãge. Su bayyanar shi ne sakamakon musamman Maritime taro da aka gudanar a Birnin Washington. Wakilai daga Birtaniya sojan ruwa sojojin, wadda da a da arsenal na iko, m da tsada sosai takwarorinsu na "Hawkins" bayan yunƙurin canza Cruisers daga wakilan da taro nace a kan tallafi na wasu hani a wannan batun. A sakamakon haka, bukatun ga battlecruisers hada iyakar gudun hijira har zuwa 10 ton na makamai da kuma zamo ba fiye da 203 millimeters.

wani sabon alkawari da hannu na Amurka, da Burtaniya da Faransa da aka sa hannu a shekarar 1936. A cewar shi, shi haramta gina nauyi motocin har 1942. A wannan batun, da yaƙi jirgin ruwa na soja ya fara da makamai annashuwa, low gudun hijira da kuma ƙananan farashin. Advantageously, shi yana nufin samfurori kamar "New York", "County" da "Surrey".

Muna kokarin gina kama jiragen ruwa a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Jirgin ruwa type "Kronstadt" sun iya kawo manyan bindigogi makamai zamo kamar 305 millimeters kuma sanye take da nauyi makamai. Biyu Cruisers aka dage farawa a 1939, amma fashewa yaki na yi aka dakatar.

ns.

Nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ya wakilta raka'a hudu na aikin lamba 58 ( "da Munin"). Suka kafa a matsayin hallaka, amma a 1977 reclassified a roka jiragen ruwa. Bugu da kari, a lokacin daga shekarar 1970 zuwa shekarar 1990 shi da aka ɓullo da shida nukiliya icebreaker "Arktika", mafi yawan abin da sun kasance a cikin aikin ko an partially tuba zuwa ga sauran iri.

Santa Fe "Slava" yana daya daga cikin jiragen ruwa, wanda ya karbi wata iyaka jerin samar. Daya kwafin da aka gina game da shekaru hudu. A sabon ƙarni na Soviet jiragen ruwa da aka tsara don rawar daji a bude teku ruwa. Su babban manufar - da adawa m yaƙi umurtar amphibious dabaru, suna yaƙi da daban-daban convoys da ikon taimakon su a cikin ƙasa da ruwa.

Halaye, wanda da surface warship "Tsarki ya tabbata":

• tsawon / nisa / daftarin - 187/19 / 7.5 mita.
• powerplant - gas injin turbin injuna.
• jirgin sanye take da wani dandali ga ajiye launchers category "surface-to-surface".
• makamai - surfaced manyan bindigogi, torpedoes da submarines, anti-jirgin sama bindigogi da kuma inji bindigogi, da yiwuwar basing wani soja mai saukar ungulu.

hur gyara

Light jirgin ruwa na soja sa da karuwa a sha'awa a cikin farkon thirties na karshe karni. A da shi ya 'yan dalilai:

1. Ya fi sauƙi ga cika tare da babbar hanyar yarjejeniya a kan equipping da m jirgin ruwa.
2. A jirgin ya zama mafi maneuverable da kuma sauri, saboda haka ba za ka iya amfani da shi domin sosai na musamman ayyuka.
3. daya naúrar ginawa kudin rage ma.

Navy na Tarayyar Soviet kara Cruisers da ayyukan 26. Jiragen aka tsara tare da sa hannu na Italian masana bambanta makamai masun karfi da kuma kyau gudun. Disadvantages hada low cruising iyaka, da low matakin na booking da kuma raunana seaworthiness. A forties karni na ashirin da kan wadannan prototypes da aka halitta da dama Cruisers Project 68 daban-daban riba lafiya da kuma seaworthiness yi.

Rasha Navy jiragen ruwa

A zamani rundunar Rasha ne abin dogara girma masana'antu. A 2014, Navy ya samu biyar sabon jirãge, uku submarines da dama jirage domin daban-daban dalilai. Bugu da kari, ɓullo da halitta ayyukan da dabarun makami mai linzami makamai.

Dalili na surface sojojin sun hada da:

• manyan antisubmarine jiragen ruwa makõma.
• yaƙi Cruisers.
• soja hallaka, kazalika da daban-daban gyare-gyare na jirgin, gyãranta da kuma goyon baya.

Bugu da kari, rundunar motoci za a bayansa da kyautata madadin raka'a. Daga cikin su akwai biyu dozin submarines, anti-submarine jiragen ruwa da kuma hallaka.

Wannan sha wani facelift?

Yana da aka shirya don inganta nauyi jirgin sama m "Admiral Kuznetsov". Ya za a dismantled launchers "dutse", wadda za ta kara da yankin na jirgin sama rumfar ajiye jiragen sama na 4500 murabba'in mita. Tara makamai fadada Zenith gidaje amfani zargin matsakaici kewayo.

Zamani ma sha jiragen ruwa mai suna for admirals: "Nakhimov", "Ushakov", "Li'azaru." "Petr Veliky" - wani nauyi jirgin ruwa na soja type, wanda kuma ya shirya ya canza ta 2020. Updates advantageously shafi shigarwa na sabon soja, hankali da kuma radar tsarin.

Bugu da kari, da tsare-tsaren ci gaba ne jirgin ruwan ayyukan №№ 877, 971, 945 ( "Halibut" "Pike", "Barracuda", "Condor"). Mai yiwuwa, za su iya sanye take da zamani antiaircraft tsarin da kuma makamai masu linzami. By kuma manyan, shi zai zama a duniya a warships mayar da hankali a kan adawa da ƙasar, teku, da kuma iska sojojin abokan gaba.

The jirgin "Vasily Bykov"

Iri Cruisers a cikin wannan jerin aka tsara don masu gadi da tattalin arziki yankin, da kariya na yankin ruwa iyaka kariya daga fashin teku mamayar, muhalli saka idanu, kazalika da bincike da kuma ceto tasoshin shafa. Bugu da kari, wannan jirgin ruwa na soja ne iya yi da wadannan ayyuka:

1. Kare da kuma bi kasuwanci ko soja tasoshin.
2. Yi sintiri da kuma aikin ceto jama'a.
3. Amfani da matsayin wajen likita goyon baya.

A cikin shekaru biyar sa ran isa 12 gyare-gyare. Wannan Fe - wani jirgin, wanda aka mai suna bayan da gwarzo na Tarayyar Soviet, Rear Admiral Vladimir Bykov.

al'amurra

Zayyana m jirgin sama m da aka kaddamar a 2005. Kamar yadda tsare-tsaren, a shekara ta 2017 da jirgin ya kamata ya dauki wuri a cikin Arewacin jiragen ruwa. Duk da haka, a lokacin da gini a kai a kai canza yanayi da kuma bukatun, wanda ya kai ga jinkiri a cikin tsari. A shekarar 2013, layout da aka nuna ƙaddamar Krylov Jihar Research Center da PKB "Nevsky".

Designers, an bayyana cewa, akwai uku ayyukan, farashin kowane daga cikinsu bayan kammala rayuwa zai zama game da 130 biliyan rubles. Kiyasta lokaci na yi na samfurori - 10 years.

New jiragen ruwa na Rasha Navy zai yi da wadannan siffofin:

1. Mallaka a kawar da na 80 ton.
2. Sanye take da hudu catapults da kuma biyu daga kickers.
3. Sanye take da dama lifts.
4. Su iya saukar da dama amphibious motocin da harin jiragen sama.

Bugu da kari, wadannan jiragen za a shigar radar tsarin kama m analog "Mars-Passat", kazalika da goyon bayan tsarin da sauran iri radar.

ban sha'awa facts

Cruisers tarihi ya nuna cewa wadannan jiragen ruwa ne a bukatar a Navy ga dama ƙarni. Modern jiragen ruwa za su iya yin wani iri-iri na soja da ayyuka, kazalika da samar da gwaji taimako a cikin sauƙi na bala'i da hatsarori.

A Rasha jiragen ruwa, duk da dukan matsaloli, shi ya zauna a cikin jagorancin matsayi a cikin manyan kasashen duniya Navy. Shirya halittar sabon tasoshin tare da mafi yi. Mutane da yawa aikin sigogi an kiyaye asirin. Duk da haka, an san cewa a yawan gyare-gyare da ake ci gaba. Daga cikin su:

• Sintiri jirgin ruwa domin nesa Maritime sarari (aikin lamba 11356).
• Bugawa frigates ga Black Sea.
• A hallakarwa "Jagoran".
• Aircraft m aikin KGNTS IMDS 2013.

All kayayyaki suna sanye take da latest ƙarni na kayan aiki da kuma makamai, da suka iya gasa tare da shahararrun waje takwarorinsu.