Sunayen mutanen Rasha, hadisin

Mutane da yawa da zai yarda cewa sunayen mutanen Rasha an halin da bambancin. Duk da haka, wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Our kasar ne babbar, kuma shi saboda haka yana nufin cewa populate shi ne kaucewa daban-daban mutane da nasu al'adu, hadisai da kuma addini.

Wannan talifin zai ba kawai gaya game da sunayen mutanen Rasha, wanda suke gargajiya zuwa wasu addinai, da kuma rayuwa za a shafa ta Orthodox 'yan ƙasa. Har ila yau, mai karatu zai samu wasu a baya ba a sani ba halaye na wakilan sassa daban daban na kasar mu.

Janar bayani a kan kabilu

A bisa ga al'ada, Rasha 3 mutane (asali) sun Rasha, Ukrainians da Belarusians. A kalla goma da suka wuce a search na da amsa ga tambayar da ke jihar kabila, da za ka samu daidai da bayanai. Amma shi ne da gaske? Watakila wani abu ya canja a kan wani lokaci? Ka yi kokarin fahimtar.

Bisa ga 'yan ƙidaya, in general, Rasha ne a kasar tare da Multi-kabilu, inda fiye da dari kasashe.

The girma na yawan ne 'yan asalin mutane, wanda mafi yawansu - Rasha. Fiye da 6% - wakilan sauran kabilu, wanda tarihi mahaifarsa ne a waje na Rasha Federation. Amma duk da bambance-bambance a asalin, harshe da kuma al'ada, suna duk da nasaba, da na kowa tarihi da kuma wani bangare ne na sararin daular.

Babban addinai na kasar ne Kiristanci, Musulunci da kuma addinin Buddha, daidai da, shi ne, ba abin mamaki bane cewa sunan mutanen Rasha tare da sauran addinai ne quite na kowa. Wannan Gaskiya ne, mutane na Caucasus, kazalika da Russia da suke zaune a cikin Far Arewa da kuma Far East.

A abun da ke ciki na 'yan asalin mutanen Rasha hada da dama yankin kungiyoyin, tare da irin wannan Gwargwadon wuri da kuma al'adu. Kasa da 8% na yawan - mutanen Volga yankin da Urals (Bashkirs, Kalmyks, Tatars, Mari et al.). Daga cikin wadannan, game da 4% - Tatars. Bashkirs da Tatars ne Musulmi, Kalmyks - addinin Buddha, da kuma sauran - har yanzu Orthodox.

Bisa kididdigar da, kasa da 3% na yawan ne wakilin Arewa Caucasian (Abazins, Balkarians Kabardinians Ingushs, Osetians Chechens et al.). Wadannan sun hada da mutanen Dagestan. Kusan dukkan su Musulmai ne (sai dai Kirista Ossetians).

Daga cikin mutanen Siberia da kuma Arewa kunshi da Buryat, Tuva, Altai, Khakassia, Yakuts da Shor. Wannan jerin za a iya kara da sauran kananan kabilu suke zaune a arewacin kasar Rasha. Duk a wata sulusi da murabba'i na al'umman da na Siberia da kuma Arewa lissafi ga 0.6% na al'ummar jihar. Tuva da Buryatia ciki addinin Buddha, da kuma sauran - Orthodox da Majusawa.

Unknown kabila Jihar

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa idan da sunan mutanen Rasha a jerin abjadi gina, za ku ga cewa kusan duk na haruffa daga cikin haruffa za a hannu. Saboda haka wanda ya kasance sun, mutane na babbar jiha?

Bari mu yi kokarin magana game da karami-sani wakilan. Sai dai itace cewa a zamaninmu ne har yanzu kiyaye da kabilanci Rasha da wata, tsattsarkar al'ada, game da abin da 'yan mutane sani.

Alal misali, a Karelia akwai gari kira Vodlozerye inda mutane rayuwa lake - Vodlozero. A cikin kauyuka na game da 600 mutane. Kakanninsu suka Rasha baƙi na Moscow da kuma Novgorod yankin a cikin XVI karni., Amma rayuwar in kadaici canza su ainihi. Dukansu suna da Orthodox, duk da imani da hali na Slavic mythology.

A Yakut tundra iya saduwa da zuriyar baƙi daga Cossacks da tekun-'yan, wanda zaunar a nan a cikin XVII karni. Rasha natsuwa kafa bakin da kiran kansu indigirschikami (daga Indigirka River). Yanzu suna da aka sani da russkoustintsy. Tare da Orthodox Church gana shamanism.

Bisa ga umarni na Catherine II a cikin XVIII karni. a cikin Trans-Baikal yankin da aka Hijira daga kasashen waje, Rasha Old mũminai, waɗanda suke halitta kabila kira Semey. Wadannan kauyuka har yanzu kiyaye Tsohon Muminai 'hanyarsa ta rayuwa.

Rasha Baƙi a Yammacin Siberia a XVI karni. yan unguwa sun lakabi da "chaldonami", wanda yake nufin "nanata." M data game da su bayyanar da wadannan wurare ba su da. Chaldony bambanta daga Mongoloid irin mutanen Siberia da kuma Slavs da su bayyanar, harshe da al'adu. Yanzu wannan kananan al'umma a kan gãɓar rãmi na nau'i nau'i. Hadisai na Rasha mutanen kananan kabilu, da rashin alheri, kusan ba su tsira wa yau.

A XVI-XVII ƙarni. daga tsakiya da gabashin Pomerania a tsakiyar Siberia} aura farko Rasha baƙi wanda zaunar a kan Taimyr Larabawa da kuma ya zama tushen da jama'ar na Taimyr-Taruhanskogo gundumar kuma da Angara River. Saboda haka akwai Ethnogroup zatundrennyh Rasha manoma, sun soma rayuwar Evenk da Yakut. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar da 'yan asalin mazaunan, wani sabon Dolgan kabila, a cikin abin da Orthodoxy ne gauraye da shamanism.

Lãlãtacciya Mutane: da Khanty da Mansi

Sunayen mutanen Rasha, da jerin wanda quite m, ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin ba tare da Khanty da Mansi. Wannan bai wa ma'abũcin zumunta mutanen Arewa, sakamakon daga hadakar da Ural Neolithic al'adu da Ugric kabilu. A baya, da data mutane ne sananne ga ƙarfin hali a cikin farauta. Amma a yanzu shi ne wani karamin rukuni na yawan na Khanty-Mansiysk cin gashin kanta Okrug. Home to Khanty dauke da Likitan mata River tasa, da kuma Munsee zo nan a ƙarshen XIX karni. Bayan haka, kabilan fara motsi zuwa arewa da kuma gabas.

Hunts sun yafi taiga salon da tsunduma a farauta da kama kifi. Deer for Khanty aiki a matsayin wani tushe na boyewa da kuma nama, kazalika da aiki da karfi a cikin tattalin arzikin kasar. A cikin abinci cinye nama da kifi da dabbobi kama a farauta.

Babu mamaki da sunan mutanen Rasha a tune da wannan kungiya. Bã su da wani yawa a cikin na kowa. Alal misali,} asashen biyu sun yaushe rayu cikin jituwa da yanayi. A kusa da dangantaka da yanayi na nascent kasuwanci asiri: na farko samarwa ko kama yanka wa gunki. Mafi yawa daga cikin tribal bukukuwa sun addini a yanayi.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin kasar, yara fara samun matsahi na saba da peculiarities na kasar a wani fairly matasa shekaru. Alal misali, sakin layi "The sunayen mutanen Rasha" 2 aji na wani m makaranta ne wani ɓangare na shirin amince da ma'aikatar.

Toddlers koyi cewa dabbobin da yawa, kuma shuke-shuke da lãbãri ga yawan alfarma. Da farko, bayani game da hadisai na mutanen Rasha yana bauta a cikin nau'i na tatsuniyoyi, Legends da myths, t. E. A wani m nau'i ga kadan mutum.

Af, manya da ba fiye da zai zama ya san cewa, bisa ga tãtsũniyõyin Khanty, na farko mace ta zo daga bear. Wannan Great Bear ya wuta ga mutanen da ilmi, an yi wani alƙali a cikin rigingimu. An yi imani da cewa kabilar Khanty kai ga Vasyugan kogin dabbar beaver. Otters da beavers girmamawa da ake magana a kai a daba dabba. Muz wata alama ikon da wadata.

Bishiyoyi da da muhimmancin a cikin rãyuwar Khanty da Mansi. Wasu da aka warkar da shi, kuma ba su kusanci sauran. The rãnã da watã kuma yi musu sujada. An yi imani da cewa mutane sun saboda ƙungiyar na biyu, waɗannan, a jikinsu. A rana wakiltar mata manufa, kuma da watã wata alama maza.

Sashe na littafi mai suna "Peoples na Rasha" Grade 3 nazarin riga kadan daban. Yara sami more in-zurfin bayani game da ethnographic na'urar da ƙasarsu.

Huskies - m 'yan Arewa

Sunayen mutanen Rasha, a photo wanda wani lokacin quite picturesque, ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin ba tare da ko da wasu wakilan kabilun - da Eskimos.

Suna zaune a Chukotka, Magadan yankin. The yawan ne game da 1,800 mutane. Daga mai ilimin harsuna ra'ayi, wani yare alaka ESCO-Aleut iyali na harsuna da aka kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin: yammacin (Yupik) da kuma gabashin (inupik). A Chukotka, Eskimo mallaki 'yan qasar, Rasha da kuma Chukchi.

A etymology na sunan mutanen Rasha, photos na wanda za a iya samu a kusan dukan manyan kundayen na duniya, wani lokacin za a iya gano quite sauƙi. Amma tare da Inuit halin da ake ciki shi ne mafi rikitarwa. Madaidaici bayanai ne ba samuwa game da asalin na mutane, amma zuwa kwanan an tabbatar da cewa su ne zuriyar wani tsoho al'adu cewa wanzu a kan gaba na da Bering Sea a karshen Na Millennium BC. e.

Babban tushen abinci - teku farauta, farauta bindigogi suna dauke da babban māsu da harpoons. Farauta dabara yi ko da yaushe dogara dabba hijirarsa. Ganima sun Whales, walruses kuma like. Tare da kasawa da nama marine dabbobi farauta dabbobin daji da tsuntsaye, aka tsunduma a kama kifi. Dayansu ya koma a cikin ruwa a kan canoes da kayaks. Domin motsi a kan ƙasa amfani dugokopylnye sledges ja da karnuka ko seleji gudu daga dabbar walrus haure. An dade kasance a cikin dusar ƙanƙara skied da kankara - a takalma da zangarniya daga kashi.

Masana kimiyya karatu da hadisai na mutanen Rasha, da'awar cewa Eskimos asali gina gidãjen dutse da kuma kifi Whale hakarkarinsa, frame snug deer fãtun jikinsu. Daga baya, suka fara rayuwa a cikin Semi-boye da firam gidaje, kama yaranga Chukchi.

A ƙauyuka na kakaninmu sanya a kan wani dandamali haka da cewa ba za ka iya saka idanu da motsi na marine dabbobi. Clothing sanya daga fatun barewa da like, takalma da aka yi daga sealskin, da kuma sa a kan ƙafafunsa torbasa na hatimi Jawo da safa. Maza da mata suna tattooed a kan fuska da jiki, soke hanci da lebe zobba sun rataye kashi, dabbar walrus hakora, da dai sauransu.

Eskimos tsõron yanayi da bi zuwa shamanism. Farauta da kuma kama kifi suna kishin ibada.

A wuri na musamman a cikin almara hadisai dauka a kan halittar duniya, kashi sassaƙa kaden. Muhimmanci rawa da Inuit drum amfani da shamans.

A wani karin cikakken nazari na rayuwa daga wadannan mutane, shi ne a fili cewa sunaye daban-daban na mutanen Rasha - wannan shi ne kawai da tip na dutsen kankara. Mu gaske ne daban-daban, da kuma a cikin da yawa hanyoyi: a addini, a cikin ra'ayoyi, da manyan al'amurra, a wani na'ura na zaman jama'a da kuma jama'a rayuwa.

Famous reindeer - Koryak

Leafing ta gaba edition na atalas "Peoples na Rasha", hotuna da sunaye da hidima a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da matukar m, ba shi yiwuwa ba a kula da ma wasu mazauni.

Koryak ( "chavchu" - "sa'iqi") dangantaka da Arctic Mongoloid tseren. Kasance a cikin Magadan da kuma Kamchatka sãsanni da kuma cikin Chukotka. A harshen ne kama da yare na Chukchi da kuma shiga cikin Chukchi-Kamchatka kungiyar na Paleo-Asiatic harsuna.

A gagarumin tasiri a kan al'adarsu ta Rasha. Kafin Soviet gwamnati a cikin tattalin arzikin da aka mamaye m dangantakar.

Koryak shiri kunshi wani sansanin da yaranga. Babban irin kama kifi yana dauke da za a wurin kiwon, suna goyon bayan da farauta da kama kifi. A motocin da yawa a cikin na kowa da Chukchi da Eskimo.

Winter tufafi mafi yawa ana hada wani Jawo shirt, wando da kuma bonit. Takalma sewn daga reindeer kafa fãtun jikinsu. rani tufafi sanya haske kayan - kare kuma barewa boyewa, masana'anta, da dai sauransu A kayayyaki suna yi wa ado da ado da kuma rataye ... Sihiri muhimmanci yana da gashi kuma wani tattoo ga mata.

Abinci ne deer nama a yau. Koryak kifi da girbi yukola, tara berries da kwayoyi. Kawai a karshen cikin XIX karni. sun kasance gari, shayi, sukari da kuma hatsi.

Mata a kauyen bi da dinka Jawo Jawo rugs, da kuma maza suna tsunduma a masana'antu kayayyakin sanya daga m kayan. Traditional bukukuwa da addini da kuma bikin an gudanar da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, da kuma suna tare da al'ada raye-raye da kuma songs, wasanni. Na kida tare da kuru amfani da garaya (hakori kuru).

bace kabilanci

Ka zaton ka riga koya sunayen dukan mutanen Rasha? Shirye Bet cewa a Tofalaria za ka fi yiwuwa taba jin.

A dutsen-taiga yankuna na Irkutsk yankin ne gida da gida, yawan, wanda ya ƙidaya game da 700 mutane.

Suka ce wadannan mutane Tofalar harshe, bi zuwa orthodoxy amma ci karo da shamanism. Wasu daga cikin crafts hada da farauta da reindeer herding. A ci gaba da aiyuka art - sassaka, kasusuwa, masana'antu kayayyakin daga Birch haushi, Jawo da kuma fata.

Bayan da miƙa mulki ga gidaje Tofalars zuwa zaunar da rai ya fara gina Haikalin log bukkokin, da kuma kafin cewa ya rayu a cikin haimõmi. Traditional tufafin sanya daga reindeer fãtun, Elk ko barewa. Winter huluna da aka sanya na barewa Jawo pelts, kuma a lokacin rani - daga masana'anta. Men sa rani gashi na zane. Yanzu kalilan da suka sa irin wannan tufafi.

Tun da farko a cikin abinci mafi yawa ci naman dabbobin daji da tsuntsaye, deer sha madara, gasa hatsin rai da wuri. Tofalars kiyaye songs, myths da Legends.

Identity na mutane - Archi

Archi - kananan Ethnogroup zaune a Charodinsky District of Dagestan.

Bisa ga ƙidaya a cikin marigayi 50 ta kabilanci da aka kidaya a tsakanin Avars. Ko da yake ba su da wani kabilanci da rabe-dangantakar ga wannan mutane.

Archi tsunduma a cikin tumaki da kiwo. Babban kauye - Archib. Archi harshe yana da wani matsayi na aikin da wallafe-wallafe.

Mai Archi sadarwa da yardar kaina a cikin 'yan qasar, Avar da kuma Rasha. Janar Archi wuya shigarsu m canje-canje, hijirarsa zuwa birnin ne kananan, akwai kusan babu Laifi.

Sun tare da girmamawa ga su harshe da al'adu. Yau, su suna a hankali alaka da biyu daban daban. Favorite dance - Lezginka, kida - ganguna, kumuz da zurna. Muminai su ne 'yan Sunna. Traditional tufafi ga maza - huluna da sheepskin dasu ba, capes, mata - dogon wando, m ɗamararku, shugaban murfin kuma chuhta (headdress tare da azurfa ado).

Wa Shin kuri'un?

Yau Vod mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin Luga River estuary a dama kauyuka. Adadin su ne game da 100 mutane, su ne zuriyar arewa maso yammacin kungiyar Vod. Babban kifi a baya - dabba husbandry, aikin noma da kuma kamun kifi. Gidaje da gine-gine da yawa gina na log.

Vod rage cin abinci kunshi hatsin rai gurasa, hatsi da kuma dankali, kiwo kayayyakin. Domin holidays shirya jita-jita da nama da pies, sha giya.

Vod ne Orthodox. Mutane da yawa bikin da aka gudanar a cikin kwanaki na kalandar holidays da aka kishin events (haihuwa, bikin aure, jana'iza). A bikin aure sun kowa bikin aure Makoki, executable amarya da ta bridesmaids. A jana'izar, ya kasance arna rituals - aka binne shi a alfarma Ashtarot da kuma kewaye da kabarin duwatsu.

Nivkhs - mazauna Khabarovsk Territory

A Khabarovsk Abuja da kuma Sakhalin Nivkh rayuwa. Mai yiwuwa, zuriyar da mutãnen farkon ya inhabiting Sakhalin da kuma ƙananan kai na da Amur. Nivkhs magana Nivkh harshe.

Main ayyuka - Marine da kama kifi. Haka kuma an tsunduma a kare kiwo, farauta da tara berries, shuke-shuke da Shellfish. Suka kai a zaunar da rai.

Karatu da mutane na Rasha, Grade 3 obschebrazovatelnoy makarantu na kasar mu hadu ma tare da tsoho tãtsũniyõyin wadannan mutane. Ya kamata a lura da cewa bayanai game da rayuwa da kuma al'adun wannan kabila, mu bashi mai yawa na shi ya tsira zuwa yanzu camfin da kuma tatsuniyoyi.

Naprmer, mun gano cewa da tufafi ya fito daga gidansa da wando da kuma gashi, sanya na masana'anta ko kifi fata. Winter wannan kayayyaki sewn daga Jawo na karnuka, da kuma takalma sawa daga kifi ko sealskin.

Sun kasance a cikin Orthodox, amma kiyaye addini.

Selkup - mutane YANAO

A Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District ne gida da kalla yawa mutane na Arewa - Selkup ( "gandun daji mutum"). Amma shi ne ba kawai da sunan ga mutane. Likitan mata Selkups kira kansu syusekup ( "taiga mutane"), da kuma kudu - chumylkup ( "duniya mutumin").

Yana nufin da kabilanci da Ural kananan tseren kuma yana da kowa Mongoloid da Caucasoid fasali. Selkups tsunduma a farauta da kama kifi. Kudancin mutane suna tsunduma a noma da kuma aiki na karafa, da arewa - reindeer. A XVII karni. Kiristanci aka karɓa, amma kiyaye ibada da kuma holidays.