The kalmar "flash memory" yanzu a kan kowa na lebe. Kalmar "flash drive" ko da farko-graders a tattaunawar da aka sau da yawa amfani. Wannan fasaha tare da m gudun tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa. Haka kuma, da yawa manazarta hango ko hasashen cewa, a nan gaba flash memory zai maye gurbin ajiya na'urorin dangane da halin maganaɗisu woje. Abin da ya rage shi ne kawai don tsayar da ci gaban ci gaba da amfani. Abin mamaki, da yawa, magana na wannan sabon samfurin, kusan gafala da cewa irin wannan flash memory. A daya hannun, da mai amfani da bukatar da na'urar yi aiki, da kuma yadda shi aikin ta ayyuka - qananan al'amura. Duk da haka, to suna da akalla wani tushen fahimtar dole ga kowane ilimi mutum.
Mene ne flash memory?
Kamar yadda ka sani, kwakwalwa da dama iri ajiya na'urorin: memory kayayyaki, wuya tafiyarwa da kuma Tantancewar tafiyarwa. A karshe biyu - yana da electromechanical mafita. Amma RAM - cikakken na'urar lantarki. Shin mai tarin transistors a kan wani guntu harhada musamman guntu. Its peculiarity ta'allaka ne da cewa bayanai da aka adana muddin tushe lantarki na kowane iko key ne da kuzari. A halin yanzu muna baya dauki kusa look. Flash memory ne bã tãre da wannan shortcoming. cajin ajiya matsalar ba tare da wani waje ƙarfin lantarki warware amfani iyo ƙofar transistors. A cikin rashi na waje tasiri cajin a cikin irin wannan na'urar za a iya kiyaye isasshe tsawon lokaci (a kalla shekaru 10). Don bayyana da manufa na aiki, wajibi ne a tuna da kayan yau da kullum na lantarki.
Ta yaya wani transistor?
Wadannan abubuwa sun zama haka yadu amfani da shi ne m, inda suka ba da amfani. Ko banal haske canji ne, wani lokacin kafa kore keys. Ta yaya da classic transistor shirya? Yana dogara ne a kan biyu semiconductor abu, daya daga wanda yana da wani lantarki watsin (n), da kuma sauran rami (p). Domin samun sauki transistor, shi wajibi ne mu hada kayan, kamar npn da kowane block toshe lantarki. A daya matsananci lantarki (emitter) ƙarfin lantarki yana amfani. Su za a iya sarrafawa ta hanyar sauya girma da yuwuwar a kan talakawan fitarwa (tushe). Cire auku a kan haraji - da uku matsananci lamba. Babu shakka cewa, tare da bacewar da tushe irin ƙarfin lantarki za su koma a tsaka tsaki jihar. Amma transistor na'urar da iyo ƙofar tamkar fleshek dan kadan daban-daban: gaban semiconductor tushe kayan da aka sanya a bakin ciki Layer da dielectric da iyo ƙofar - tare da suke samar da wata don haka ya kira "aljihu". Lokacin da ake ji da da irin ƙarfin lantarki da tushe na transistor da za a bude ta wucewa a halin yanzu da ya dace da wani dabaru sifili. Amma idan ƙofar sa guda cajin (electron), ta filin neutralizes sakamakon tushe-gini - da na'urar za ki rufaffiyar (ma'ana naúrar). By aunawa da irin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin emitter da tara iya sanin gaban (ko rashi) na cajin a kan iyo ƙofar. Tunzura da cajin a ƙofar ta yin amfani da rami sakamako (Fowler - Nordheim). Don cire bukatar yin babban cajin (9) zuwa wani mummunan ƙarfin lantarki da kuma mai kyau tushe don emitter. A cajin zai bar ƙofa. Tun da fasahar ne kullum gwamnatin, an samarwa hada embodiment da kuma wani na al'ada transistor da iyo ƙofar. Wannan yarda da "shafe" cajin wani low irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma samar da wani mafi m na'urar (ba za mu ware). USB Flash memory yana amfani da wannan manufa (Nand Structure).
Saboda haka, ta hanyar hada wadannan transistors a cikin tubalan, shi yiwuwa a ƙirƙirar memory a cikin abin da rubuta bayanai da aka rubuce riƙe ba tare da canji shekaru da dama. Zai yiwu ne kawai drawback na zamani flash tafiyarwa - yawan write hawan keke da iyaka.