Thyroid ƙari saka alama. Wanne ƙari alama ya nuna thyroid ciwon daji?

Cancer - bũlãlar da XXI karni, da kara ci gaba ne motsi, da mafi yawan lokuta na ciwon daji. Daya daga cikin sabon hanyoyin domin ganewa na cancerous marurai - ƙari saka alama. Mẽne ne kuma zan iya amince da irin wannan bincike?

Mene ne ƙari alamomi

A Alamar kalmar zo daga English fi'ili alama, wanda ke nufin "yiwa alama, to alama wani abu." Ƙari alamomi - mai kowa sunan jini ko fitsari ga gaban burbushi, ko "tags" cewa bar cancerous ƙari a cikin jiki a haihuwa, samuwar kuma girma.

Kamar wancan ne da wadannan na musamman ne sunadaran enzymes ko kuma su bazuwar kayayyakin. Irin wannan sunadaran ake samar ko dai ta hanyar da ciwon daji, ko na rigakafi da tsarin a mayar da martani ga cancerous matakai a cikin jiki.

Dangane da ƙari iya samar da daban-daban da sunadarai. Haka kuma, wannan yana nufin cewa ƙari alamomi nuna inda watakila akwai wani X-ray da ciwon daji. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa analysis aka yi amfani a matsayin bincike hanya, tare da na gani, kamar duban dan tayi da kuma x-haskoki.

Iri da ƙari alamomi da cewa nuna

Bisa ga misali, fiye da 200 jinsunan ƙari alamomi The mafi m daga gare su da wadannan:

• PSA (prostate).
• UBC (mafitsara).
• SA125 (ovaries).
• SA 15-3 (nono).
• SA 19-9 (ciki, hanjinsu, pancreas).
• SA 242 (hanji, da kuma pancreas).
• HCG (ovaries, testes, mahaifa).
• AFP (hanta ciwon daji, gallbladder, kwai, da dai sauransu).
• B-2-MG (ciwon daji na jini, da Lymph nodes).
• CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen).

A parentheses nuna sarrafawa na ciwon daji, wanda ya nuna da takamaiman ƙari alama. Kamar yadda za a iya gani, wani matsayi zuwa wani takamaiman wuri, yayin da wasu da bambancin da ganewar asali. Saboda haka, sau da yawa amfani da haɗin saka alama. Alal misali, a lokuta da ake zargi da pancreatic ciwon daji gudanar da zarar SA 242 da kuma SA 19-9, kuma a ovarian ciwon daji - AFP, SA125 da hCG. Amma a cikin wani akwati, a wata karkata daga kullum zai bukaci a m ganewar asali.

Lokacin amfani a cikin bincike na ƙari alamomi

Sanya su a cikin wadannan lokuta:

• da ake zargi da ƙari wanda ba za a iya gani da gani dubawa.
• domin iko da komowan cutar.
• a hadarin malignancy.
• da ake zargin metastasized.
• a matsayin m gwargwado, a hereditary da sauran kasada.
• kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wani m ganewar asali.
• sa idanu nasarar jiyya ba tare da wani tabbatacce sakamako na taro fara raguwa.

Yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa wani guda bincike domin ƙari alamomi na thyroid ko gicciye bai isa ya kawar da ko, a maimakon haka, tabbatar da kasancewar wani ƙari.

thyroid Cancer

Wannan irin ciwon daji ne in mun gwada rare, musamman a tsakanin mata da kuma tsofaffi. A thyroid gland shine yake - wani sashin jiki da samar da wani yawa na da muhimmanci hormones. Rashin ko wuce haddi na wanda zai shafi ci gaban, shafi tunanin mutum raya kasa, metabolism da kuma kiwon lafiya a general. Located a kan gaba na jiki da kuma wuyansa kama malam: biyu lobes da alaka da wani bakin ciki Isthmus. Saboda ta kusa wajen akai-akai gano a wani wuri mataki a lokacin palpation da haƙuri, msl, a lokacin da wanka wani surface wuri.

Thyroid ciwon daji yana 4 iri:

1. Papillary - game da 75% na dukkan malignancies a cikin thyroid gland shine yake. Yiwuwa ga masu cin zali intrusions zuwa dab gabobin ko Lymph nodes.
2. Follicular - biyu musamman irin thyroid ciwon daji. Babban dalilin - aidin rashi. Tare da irin wannan ciwon daji ƙari ya aikata ba yakan fita daga thyroid gland shine yake.
3. Medullary. A matukar hatsari kumburi da shi kusan ba ya tara rediyoaktif aidin, abin da ya sa magani ta hanyar da shi m.
4. Anaplastic. Domin irin wannan ne halin da m girma da kuma haske faruwa cututtuka: hoarseness, coughing sama da jini, wheezing a lokacin numfashi, nauyi asara da kuma wahala a numfashi. A kalla na kowa amma mafi hatsari.

Bayyanar cututtuka na thyroid ciwon daji

The alamun da ƙari wadannan cututtuka su ne:

• wanda muryarsa ta duƙushe murya.
• kaifi shakka a cikin nauyi.
• a ji na ciki da kuma asarar jiki ƙarfi.
• zafi a lokacin da hadiya.
• unexplained zazzabi.
• kara girman goiter.

Idan akwai akalla daya alama, an riga an damu, kuma a lõkacin da biyu daga gare su, daga wannan jerin, ya kamata ka shakka a kamu. Kazalika da ganewar asali ya kamata a gudanar a kai a kai ga waɗanda suke a tarihi na kusa da dangi da thyroid ciwon daji.

hanyoyin da ganewar asali

A mafi m bincike hanyoyin su ne kamar haka:

• Thyroid duban dan tayi.
• morphological nazari (ƙari gutsure biopsy cytology).
• wani jini gwajin for ƙari alamomi na thyroid.

Amma dabam, babu wani daga cikinsu ga ganewar asali ba tambaya. Idan ka zargin cewa wani ƙari a cikin bincike domin ƙari alamomi wajibi ne don dan tayi domin ganewa na ƙari kanta da kuma ta yi daidai location. Bayan ganewa na bukata morphological nazari domin sanin mataki na malignancy. Kuma kawai sai kamu.

Uniform size karuwa nuna wani pathological tsari a cikin gland shine yake. Yadda aka saba, da thyroid gland shine yake a cikin mata ne ba fiye da 19 cc da 25 cc na maza. A ciwon daji halin da m excrescence cewa za a iya gani a kan duban dan tayi.

Farkon ganewar asali na cutar iya ajiye haƙuri da rayuwa, kamar yadda a kan 1st da 2nd matakai na ciwon daji za a iya samu nasarar bi da, da kuma lokuta da waraka a kan 3rd guda. A kan 4th mataki, likitoci za su iya yi kadan, kawai tsawanta rayuwa da kuma rage wahala.

Ƙari alamomi m game da thyroid ciwon daji

Saboda haka abin da ya nuna ƙari alama na thyroid ciwon daji? Oncomarkers Wadannan ne hormones da cewa an samar da baƙin ƙarfe da kanta, idan yana da wani ƙari ko wasu degenerative canje-canje. Yana ji ba gani, kamar calcitonin da thyroglobulin. Bugu da ƙari, ƙari girma nuna wani matakin na carcinoembryonic antigen CEA ko rage tsawon.

Ƙari alamomi na thyroid calcitonin samar da thyroid C-Kwayoyin. Da Yake saukarwa da ganewar asali medullary ciwon daji irin.

Thyroglobulin aka samar da epithelial Kwayoyin. A jini gwajin for thyroglobulin ne da ke nuni kawai ga papillary da follicular cancers. Lokacin da wani sabawa daga na kullum za a gwada wa matakin na thyroxine da triiodothyronine (T3 da T4) ne da ke nuni.

Kowane na da bayani dalla-dalla:

1. A matakin na carcinoembryonic antigen qara a wurare daban-daban da ciwon daji, ciki har da thyroid gland shine yake.
2. Thyroglobulin matakin yakan yawanci a sake komowa da ciwon daji na thyroid gland shine yake.
3. A hormone calcitonin ƙaruwa a medullary thyroid ciwon daji.

Shiri for analysis

Don samun mafi dogara da sakamakon kafin isar bincike domin ƙari alamomi na thyroid mu bayar da shawarar da wadannan bukatun:

1. Analysis sallama da safe a kan komai a ciki. Tsaya cin bada shawarar ga akalla 8 hours kafin ceto, amma kadan daga ruwa za ka iya sha.
2. 48 hours daina shan wani magunguna da kuma abin da ake ci kari, barasa.
3. 24 hours ne mafi kyau ba ci yaji, m kuma kyafaffen.
4. Shin, ba overwork ko juyayi yiwu hormonal kasawa faruwa a karkashin danniya.
5. Domin mako don dakatar da shan hormonal shirye-shirye.

Idan wani daga cikin bukatun ba za a iya hadu, shi wajibi ne don sanar da m, ya yi bayanin kula. Alal misali, da kin amincewa na yau da kullum ci na wani magani da ake dangantawa da hadarin rayuwa.

5 mintuna kafin bayarwa na jini ga matakin na calcitonin gudanar zuwa haƙuri ga ruri daga pentagastrin.

Rates ga mata da kuma maza

The adadin thyroglobulin a cikin jini da lafiya mutum yawanci ba ya wuce 10 ng / ml, amma kadan karuwa ne ba m, kamar yadda dokokin kadan mafi girma. Norms na wasu hormones, kamar calcitonin a maza da mata na iya bambanta.

ƙari alamomi	A kullum a cikin thyroid gland shine yake a cikin maza	A kullum a cikin thyroid gland shine yake a cikin mata
thyroglobulin	Daga 2 MG / ml, amma ba fiye da 20 MG / ml, bisa ga wasu data kudi na har zuwa 60 MG / ml
calcitonin	0,68-33 MG / ml, zai fi dacewa kusa 8 MG / ml	0,07-12,97 MG / ml
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	Ba fiye da 5 ng / ml

Standards ba uniform, sun bambanta a daban-daban dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Amma, ko da sa hannuwanku a kan bincike na sabawa daga na kullum, ba lallai ba ne su tsoro.

Statistics ce cewa mutane sukan bi da a dakin gwaje-gwaje, jingine likita, shiryar da dokoki, amma ba daidai ba ne. Bayan duk, kamar yadda wani ya zama ruwan dare bincike Hanyar ne m.

Amma idan ta faru, to, analysis kamata a kimanta da wani oncologist wanda kamu ko ƙi yarda da shi ta hanyar aika a cikin ƙarin jarrabawa. Yana da daraja ambaton cewa a gaban ƙari Manuniya ne wata ila za a inflated muhimmanci, 10 ko 20 sau. A kadan karuwa a maki wajen wani matsala tare da thyroid gland shine yake.

Game da 10% na lafiya mutane samun mafi girma yi. A lokacin daukar ciki, da Figures iya karu sosai, kuma shi ke lafiya, saboda akwai daban-daban hormonal canje-canje. Bayan karshen lactation hormones kamata dawo al'ada. Tare da shekaru, da kuma a kumburi tafiyar matakai a cikin jiki kuma qara yi.

Pluses onkomarkery kima a kan sauran hanyoyin da ganewar asali

Za ka iya amince da bincike domin ƙari alamomi, idan haka da yawa abubuwan iya shafar ta tushe? Kamar yadda da wani bincike hanya yana ta amfani ko rashin amfani, kazalika da kunkuntar mayar da hankali.

Fursunoni na gani bincikowa da:

1. Akwai hadarin cewa ƙari ba za a gano, musamman a wani wuri mataki.
2. A kananan kashi na radiation ko electromagnetic radiation.

Korau gwaje-gwaje domin ƙari alamomi kadai, amma tsanani - wannan inaccuracy.

Idan Hanyar aka ba sani a matsayin tafin kafa, da kuma karin, duk da'awar shi zai bace, analysis copes quite rijiya a yankin na nauyin. A matsayin iko ga zaman majalisar na cire ƙari girma bincike ne ba makawa. Kuma yana taimaka wajen saka idanu da tasiri na magani da kuma bayyanar komawa bayan ƙari kau. Amma ga m bincike duban dan tayi demonstrative. Akwai hadarin cewa ƙari ya fara bunkasa, da kuma ƙari alamomi ne korau.