To ciminti: alamomi da kuma amfani

Daya daga cikin irin Portland sumunti - mai-kyau sumunti. Wannan irin Portland sumunti za a iya amfani da mai fadi da kewayon a lokacin da karfafa ayyukan. Yana bautarka wani muhimmin wuri godiya ga mai kyau hade da fasaha da kuma yi Properties.

Wane irin abu, da kuma yadda shi ya bambanta daga saba duk grout? A wannan - a.

takamaiman siffofin

Abin da ya bambanta da na Portland mai kyau ciminti - abun da ke ciki: domin ta yi a murƙushe clinker da gypsum akai gabatar da wasu Additives.

Domin man fetur da kuma iskar gas rijiyoyin an sanya garwayayye daban-daban, wanda ya kasu kashi da wadannan subtypes:

1. Hygroscopic. Domin abu a bushe nauyi gudanar hydrophobing triethanolamine.
2. Mai nauyi. Domin yi na ciminti clinker ne gauraye da gypsum da Additives weighting. Kamar yadda irin wannan zai iya zama a cikin hanyar tama, nauyi Spalt, hematite, magnetite.
3. Sandy. Domin abu a cikin wannan sub aka kara a cakuda ma'adini yashi da gypsum. Yawan aka gyara zama mafi girma daga 50% na "zafi" rijiyoyin da kasa da 20% ga "sanyi".
4. Gishiri juriya. Ana amfani da inda gishiri a cikin ruwan karkashin kasa da wani babban taro. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa lalata, amma Bugu da kari na finely raba ma'adini yashi ta kawar da wannan drawback.

Fasaha halaye na kowane irin dogara da rabbai da kaddarorin aka gyara. Wadannan iya aiki a matsayin ma'adini yashi, ma'adanai, farar ƙasa, slag.

aikace-aikace fasahar

Kazalika da sumunti yana cika, ba da hannu pumped, salla yi da isasshen ruwa. Domin wannan, 2 sassa na bushe cakuda suna kara 1 part of ruwa. A sakamakon taro da aka kira ɓangaren litattafan almara. Idan high zazzabi, da slurry iya taurara riga for 1.5-10 hours. A mafi girma da yawan zafin jiki, da sauri, zã ta kãma ciminti backfill. Aikace-aikace a cikin sanyi rijiyoyin (ko idan da taro da ake amfani da waterproofing aiki a kan yi gine-gine a cikin sanyi kakar) take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa hardening aiwatar fara 2-3 hours kuma shi ne cikakken bayan 20-22 hours. Mafi tsawo gishiri resistant ciminti taurare.

Figure lankwasawa ƙarfi kwanaki biyu bayan da cikakken solidification ne kamar haka:

1. Idan babu zafi - game da 62 kg / cm.
2. Idan zafin jiki ne stably high - 27 kgf / cm.

Amma wannan shi ne kawai idan amfani da ciminti quality. Yadda za a duba ingancin? Akwai sosai sauki ne kuma abin dogara hanya - gudu da samfurin ta sieve. Don yin wannan, kana bukatar raraka ta hanyar bit da wani bushe foda. Idan sieve ¾ na farko girma, high quality-kayan. Za ka iya duba a kan ido, amma shi kaɗai zai iya yinsa da waɗanda suka yi m kwarewa da mai-kyau sumunti. In ba haka ba wajibi ne a amince da da mai sayarwa. Amma a wannan kudin kula da abun da ke ciki na bushe cakuda - da adadin plaster kada ta kasance fiye da 3.5%.

halaye na

Wadannan Manuniya ne babban halaye na material:

1. High gudun magance. Amma a wannan motsi gauraye da ruwa cakuda an riƙe dogon isa.
2. Ruwa juriya. A bayani na iya taurare, har ma a karkashin ruwa.
3. A hade da daban-daban fillers. Haka kuma, shi zai iya zama wani surface da ciwon jiki da kuma sinadaran halitta, har karfe.
4. Ko da kuwa da yanayi, da ƙẽƙashe mix rike ƙarfi da mutunci dogon isa.

rarrabuwa siffofin

To ciminti ne na dama iri. Su duka suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin daban-daban madaidaci. Saboda haka, abun da ke ciki na al'amari ne na irin wannan abu iri:

• I - ba tare da Additives.
• II - tare da mindobavkami.
• III - tare da spetsdobavkami. Suna amfani da su daidaita da yawa daga cikin bayani.

Type III abu ne mai nauyi (Vm) da kuma hur (game da). Bugu da ƙari kuma, kowane irin abu da aka raba iri, don yin amfani da lokacin da al'ada (25-50), low (15-24), matsakaici (51-100) ko dagagge (101-150) yanayin zafi.

Alamun

Don sanin sa da kayan used markings:

1. Siminti backfill - PCT.
2. Sulphate - SS.
3. A talakawan yawa.
4. Matsakaicin canja zafin jiki a lokacin aikin.
5. Plastification ko hydrophobicity. Kaddamarda kamar yadda PL, GF.
6. Standard kudi.

Misali: TPP-na-CS-100. Nadi daukawa da wadannan bayanai: plugging abu ne Portland sumunti dauke da wani Additives, sulfate-ne. An yi nufin amfani a yanayin zafi daga 51 zuwa 100 digiri.

PCT-III-UT1-100. Wannan backfill form Portland sumunti, hur irin su yawa daga 2.1 g / cm ^3. Yana yiwuwa a yi aiki tare da kayan a matsakaici yanayin zafi.

PCT-III-Ob5-50 - kyau sumunti. Yana da wani hur irin. Ya yi ta yawa 1.5 g / cm ³ da aka yarda su yi aiki a karkashin al'ada yanayin zafi.

ingancin rajistan shiga

Wannan abu da aka tsara don ƙirƙirar waterproofing rijiyoyin, amma sau da yawa amfani a yi na mai-kyau da sumunti a gina wasu gidaje da masana'antu da gine-gine. Amma abu ne iya yi da nufin aiki, tabbatar da mutunci da AMINCI na kafa Tsarin da haka ne environmentally sauti, shi dole ya zama na high quality, kuma abun da ke ciki - da wuya daga cikin dacewa fasali na ayyuka. Don yin wannan, ƙirƙirar cakuda gwada.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na gwaji mai-kyau sumunti, kuma wannan abar kulawa da musamman dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Su ayyana wadannan sigogi:

1. The yawa (musamman nauyi).
2. A rheological Properties.
3. thickening lokaci.
4. Ruwa rabuwa.
5. Seepage hasarori.
6. Tensile ƙarfi.
7. Resistance zuwa duban dan tayi.
8. A permeability na ƙarfafa ruwa abu, gas, iska.