Wasu gabbansa da Kwayoyin da su ayyuka: iri-iri, ayyuka da kaddarorin

Cage - a naúrar na rayuwa a kan wannan duniya tamu, akwai rai na cell. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa duk siffofin aiki na kwayoyin m kan halaye na Kwayoyin wanda ayyana kwayoyin halitta da kuma su ayyuka.

Daga cikin sa na Kwayoyin mafi muhimmanci Properties ne: mai kyau-tsare tsarin, ikon metabolize - samar da metabolism da kuma samar da makamashi, da ikon amsa waje samuwar kasashe: da abubuwa da mamaki. Bugu da ƙari, aiki kwayoyin halitta ƙayyade Properties kamar da damar ga girmansu da ci, kazalika da yaduwa da kuma dawo da - farfadowa.

Kamar dai yadda wata dabba ko wani shuka kunshi dama gabobin da kuma tsarin, da cell kunshi wasu gabbansa. Idan akai la'akari da kwayoyin halitta da kuma su ayyuka, yana da muhimmanci a lura da waje tsarin da Kwayoyin. Waje "abu rai" mai rufi da membrane abin da hidima a matsayin rarraban shãmaki raba da waje yanayi daga ciki abinda ke ciki na cell. A membrane yana da wani m aiki da rarraban da kuma na'am da na yanayi samuwar kasashe (tsoka mai amsa sigina aiki) da kuma daukawa fitar da kai daga abubuwa.

Kwayoyin halitta, sifa da aiki

A zama na cell kuma da aka gyara, dã mun kasance m idan ciki da shi ba cike da musamman ruwa - cytoplasm. Tanã cytoplasm kai na abubuwa a cikin Kwayoyin, kamar jini da kuma Lymph a cikin jiki. A wannan yanayin, da cytoplasm haifar intercellular hulda sakamako saboda daban-daban iri matakai, cilia fluff. Sashe na daga wadannan matakai (msl, flagella ko cilia) na iya yi da mota aiki zuwa wasu cell outgrowths ba su iya motsi.

Mitochondria - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kwayoyin halitta da hannu a cikin numfashi aiwatar "raka'a rai" da kuma mayar siffofin daban-daban na makamashi a cikin tsari wanda shi ne samuwa ga cell. A gaskiya, da mitochondria - tantanin halitta ne wani makamashi tushe, sabili da haka da adadin data wasu gabbansa dogara a kan ayyuka yi da cell, kuma ta haka ne, ta hanyar da bukatun makamashi da albarkatun. Abin lura shi ne cewa mitochondria dauke da nasu DNA sarkar, a cikinsa har zuwa 2% dabzar DNA daga cikin cell.

Wani organelle da hannu a aiwatar da metabolism - da ribosome. Yana da wannan kashi na cell samar da furotin kira. Muhimmanci, da sunadaran sun ba a duk Kwayoyin na jikin mutum, sai dai ja jini Kwayoyin. Ribosomes aka shirya da yardar kaina a cikin cytoplasm, da kuma gina jiki kira aiwatar da ake dangantawa da transcriptional sabon abu - kwashe bayanai da aka rubuta a cikin DNA.

kwayoyin halitta da kuma su ayyuka bã ya da wani ma'anar a cikin yanayi, idan babu tsakiya na cell. Wannan organelle ne na ƙwarai cikin abin da shi ya ƙunshi wani muhimmin abu - da chromatin, wanda shi ne dalilin da samuwar chromosomes. Yana chromosomes aika da da kwayoyin bayanai na cell a lokacin haifuwa. Saboda haka chromatin DNA da aka kafa da kuma kananan adadin RNA. Bugu da kari, da abun da ke ciki na da zuciyar shiga nucleolus - a jiki, a cikinsa kira na sabon ribosomes. Nucleolus girma bambanta dangane da yadda m wuce gina jiki kira a cikin cell.

A ƙarshe, idan akai la'akari da kwayoyin halitta da kuma su ayyuka, yana da matukar wuya a gano wani daya "naúrar na rayuwa jiki", wanda za a iya nada shugaba. Conventionally, wannan organelle da aka zaba core kamar yadda jikin mutum ke dauke da manyan zuciya. A gaskiya, duk da wasu gabbansa goyi bayan wani iri-iri da sunadarai, jiki da kuma nazarin halittu tafiyar matakai, don haka da cewa wasan kwaikwayon na cell, kuma akwai wani sa na daban-daban ayyuka wanda ake hada karkashin Generic lokaci na rayuwa.