Wuce-wuri-Threading - abin da yake da shi? Yadda za a taimaka wuce-wuri-Threading?

Mutane da yawa na Intel sarrafawa hada da kayayyaki tare da goyon bayan wuce-wuri-Threading Technology, wadda bisa ga Developers na ra'ayin shi ne ya taimake ƙara yawan aiki na da guntu da kuma cikin hanzari na PC matsayin dukan. Mene ne ƙayyadaddu na yanke shawara da Amurka kamfani? Ta yaya za ka iya amfani da abũbuwan amfãni daga wuce-wuri-Threading?

Basic bayanai game da fasahar

Ka yi la'akari da key bayanai game da wuce-wuri-Threading. Menene wannan fasahar? Its ci gaba da Intel karo na farko ya gabatar da jama'a a shekara ta 2001. Its nufin ya kara uwar garke yi. Babbar ka'idar da aka aiwatar a cikin wuce-wuri-Threading - rarraba processor sarrafa kwamfuta a mahara zaren. Kuma shi ne zai yiwu, ko da idan dace da irin guntu kafa daya kawai core (a bi da bi, idan sun kasance 2 ko fiye, da kõguna a processor riga kasaftawa - fasahar nasarar kammala wannan ginshiki).

Operation na PC ta babban kewaye da dama kõguna a kudi na yin kofe na gine-gine da jihohin a cikin shakka daga computations. Lokacin da aka kunna wannan wanda kuma wannan sa na albarkatun kan guntu. Idan aikace-aikace yana amfani da wani daidai da damar, kusan gagarumin ayyukan suna da za'ayi yawa sauri. Yana da muhimmanci cewa fasahar in tambaya, goyon kwamfuta shigar-fitarwa tsarin - BIOS.

Kunna wuce-wuri-Threading

Idan processor aka shigar a PC, shi na samar da wani m misali, shi yawanci activates ta atomatik. Amma a wasu lokuta ya zama dole a gudanar da wani zama dole ayyuka da hannu yin wuce-wuri-Threading Technology. Ta Yaya Zan Gyatta shi? Very sauki.

Log cikin babban dubawa na BIOS. Don yin wannan, a cikin farkon taya ka bukatar ka latsa DEL, wani lokacin - F2, F10, akalla - sauran keys, amma kana bukatar ka ko da yaushe bayyana a daya daga cikin layin da rubutu nuna a kan allon nan da nan bayan da juya a kan PC. A BIOS dubawa a sami abu wuce-wuri-Threading: ga goyon versions na shigar-fitarwa tsarin, shi ne yawanci located in a kama hankali wuri. Zabi da ya dace zaɓi, danna Shigar don kunna shi, abin lura da yadda kunna. Idan wannan yanayin da aka riga ya kafa, yana nufin cewa wuce-wuri-Threading Technology a guje. Za ka iya amfani da duk da abũbuwan amfãni. By kunna fasahar a cikin saitunan, ya kamata ka ajiye duk shigarwa a cikin BIOS, zabi Ajiye kuma Fita Saita. Bayan haka, kwamfuta za zata sake farawa a cikin yanayin a lokacin da CPU ne a guje tare da goyon baya ga wuce-wuri-Theading. Hakazalika kwashe wuce-wuri-Threading kashe. Don yin wannan, zaɓi dacewa sakin layi a cikin sauran wani zaɓi - Guragu da kuma ajiye saituna.

Bayan nazarin yadda za a taimaka wuce-wuri-Threading da kuma kashe fasahar, dubi da fasali a daki-daki.

Sarrafawa tare da wuce-wuri Threading support

A farko processor, wanda aka aiwatar a karkashin shawara na ra'ayi, a cewar wasu rahotanni - Intel Xeon MP, kuma aka sani da Foster MP. Wannan guntu ne a wani yawan gine-gine da aka gyara shi ne kama da Pentium 4, wanda aka baya kuma aiwatar da fasahar a cikin tambaya. Daga bisani, da aiki da Multi-threaded sarrafa kwamfuta da aka gabatar a kan Xeon uwar garke sarrafawa tare da kwaya Prestonia.

Idan muka magana game da halin yanzu ruwan dare na wuce-wuri-Threading - abin da "kashi" goyi bayan shi? Daga cikin mafi m kwakwalwan kwamfuta na irin wannan - wadanda cewa kasance a cikin iyalin Kora da Xeon. Har ila yau, akwai shaida cewa irin wannan lissafi mai tsauri aiwatar a Itanium sarrafawa da kuma Atom irin.

Koyi da asali bayani a kan wuce-wuri-Threading, sarrafawa tare da goyan baya, la'akari da mafi ƙwarai abubuwa game da tarihin fasahar ci gaba.

ci gaba Tarihi

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da Intel kamfanin nuna ra'ayi a tambaya, da jama'a, a 2001. Amma da farko matakai a cikin halittar fasahar da aka sanya a cikin farkon 90s. Injiniyoyi na American kamfanin, sai aka fahimci cewa PC processor albarkatu a lokacin da yin wani jerin ayyukan don kunna ba gaba daya.

Kamar yadda Intel ya lasafta yayin da mai amfani da aiki a kan wani PC guntu cikin manyan jinkiri - watakila mafi yawan lokaci - ya ƙunsa kuma rayayye - by game da 30%. Gwani ra'ayin game da wannan adadi ne sosai daban-daban - wani yana zaton shi ne a fili ma low, wasu - gaba daya yarda da sabawa rubuce-rubucensu na American developers.

Duk da haka, mafi yawan IT-kwararru ne na ra'ayin cewa, ko da idan ba 70% na CPU iya aiki ne na banza, amma da wani sosai gagarumin adadin su.

Babban aiki na developers

Intel ta yanke shawarar gyara wannan Jihar harkokin saboda wani qualitatively sabon tsarin kula da tabbatar da tasiri daga cikin manyan PC guntu. Yana da aka shawara don ƙirƙirar fasahar da cewa zai taimaka wa wani karin aiki amfani da yiwuwa na sarrafawa. A shekarar 1996, Intel ya kaddamar da m ci gaba.

Bisa ga American kamfani ra'ayi, processor, aiki data daga daya shirin zai aika rago albarkatun aiki tare da wani aikace-aikace (ko wani bangaren na yanzu, amma ciwon daban-daban tsarin da kuma bukatar da hadewa da ƙarin albarkatun). Game da algorithm ne ma zaci tasiri hulda da sauran hardware aka gyara a kan wani PC - RAM, chipset, kuma software.

Intel gudanar a warware matsalar. Da farko, da fasahar da aka kira Willamette. A shekarar 1999, ta gabatar a cikin gine na wasu sarrafawa, da kuma fara gwada shi. fasahar nan da nan ya sami halin yanzu sunan - wuce-wuri-Threading. Abin da daidai ya shi - mai sauki rebranding ko m sabawa ne bai tabbata dandali. Bugu da ari abubuwa game da bayyanar da fasahar ga jama'a da kuma ta aiwatar a cikin daban-daban model na Intel sarrafawa, mun riga sani. Daga cikin na kowa sunaye na yau raya - wuce-wuri-Threading Technology.

karfinsu da fasahar al'amurran

Ta yaya da kyau shi aiwatar da wuce-wuri-Threading Technology goyon baya ga Tsarukan aiki? Yana iya lura da cewa, a lokacin da ta je zamani versions na Windows, kana da wani matsaloli tare da mai amfani ga cikakken amfani da abũbuwan amfãni daga Intel wuce-wuri-Threading Technology, ba zai bayyana. Hakika, yana da muhimmanci kuma tabbatar da cewa fasahar goyon bayan shigar-fitarwa tsarin - wannan mun ce a sama.

Software da kuma hardware dalilai

Game da mazan versions na OS software - Windows 98, NT da kuma gwada da m XP, dole yanayin ga karfinsu da wuce-wuri-Threading - ACPI goyon baya. Idan tsarin aiki ne ba a aiwatar da, ba duk sarrafa kwamfuta zaren, wanda aka kafa ta Game da kayayyaki za a gane da kwamfuta. Lura cewa Windows XP a matsayin dukan samar da hannu da abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan fasahar. Shi ne ma sosai kyawawa cewa multithreading lissafi mai tsauri da aka aiwatar da amfani da mai shi daga PC aikace-aikace.

Wani lokaci za ka iya bukatar wani canji motherboard PC - idan ka shigar da shi a kan sarrafawa tare da wuce-wuri-Threading support, maimakon wadanda suke tsaye a kan shi da farko kuma ba su kasance m da fasaha. Duk da haka, kamar yadda a cikin hali na tsarukan, wani matsaloli ba zai zama, idan mai amfani dashi - wani zamani PC, ko a kalla dacewa gyara na "baƙin ƙarfe" farko processor Intel Core i5. Wuce-wuri Threading, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, a aiwatar a cikin Core line, da kuma daidaita da wa shi chipset motherboards da cikakken goyon baya Game da guntu ayyuka.

sharudda ga hanzari

Idan kwamfutarka ne a kan matakin da hardware da software aka gyara zasu ba zai dace da wuce-wuri-Threading, to, wannan fasahar, a ka'idar, iya ko rage gudu ta aiki. Wannan halin da ake ciki ya jagoranci wasu IT-kwararru shakka cikin al'amurra na mafita daga Intel. Sun yanke shawarar ya ba wani fasaha nasara, da kuma wani marketing shakka shi ne tushen manufar wuce-wuri Threading, wanda shi ne wani algorithm wanda, ta nagarta na gine ne ba iya muhimmanci bugun up your PC. Amma masu sukar shakka aka sauri dispelled da Intel injiniyoyi.

Saboda haka, asali yanayi ya tabbatar da cewa fasahar da aka samu nasarar da hannu:

- wuce-wuri-Threading goyon bayan shigar-fitarwa tsarin.

- karfinsu na motherboard da ya dace da irin processor.

- Support ga tsarin aiki da fasaha da kuma takamaiman aikace-aikace yanã gudãna a kan shi.

Idan na farko guda biyu da aikata laifuka na musamman matsaloli kamata ba faruwa a cikin bangare na shirin karfinsu da wuce-wuri-Threading iya har yanzu zama wasu rufi. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa idan aikace-aikace na goyon bayan, misali, aikin da dual-core processor, shi zai zama jituwa, kusan tabbas, tare da Intel ta fasaha.

Akalla akwai nazarin gaskatãwa da girma da yawan aiki da shirye-shirye, saba da dual-core kwakwalwan kwamfuta, game da 15-18%, idan processor guje Intel wuce-wuri Threading kayayyaki. Yadda za a musaki su - mu riga sani (a cikin hali mai amfani yana da wani shakka game da ya dace alkawari fasahar). Amma ri dalilai don su bayyanar, mai yiwuwa sosai kadan.

The m amfani da wuce-wuri-Threading

Ko fasaha ya ba, a cikin tambaya, ri m abũbuwan amfãni na Intel? Akwai daban-daban, ra'ayin a kan wannan al'amari. Amma da yawa ce: haka ne m wuce-wuri-Threading Technology, ya zama ba makawa bayani ga dama masana'antun na uwar garke tsarin, kuma aka yi marhabin da talakawa masu amfani da kwamfuta.

A hardware data aiki

Babban amfani da fasahar - cewa shi ne aiwatar a wani hardware format. Wannan shi ne, babban ɓangare na lissafin za a yi a cikin processor ga takamaiman kayayyaki, maimakon a matsayin software Algorithms daukar kwayar cutar zuwa matakin na babban guntu kwaya - wanda zai nufa a rage a cikin sauran wasan kwaikwayon na PC. A general, kamar yadda muka gani da IT-masana, da Intel injiniyoyi gudanar a warware matsalar, wanda aka ƙaddara a farkon ci gaban fasahar - sa da processor aiki da nagarta sosai. Lalle ne, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje, da bayani da yawa kusan muhimmanci ayyuka don mai amfani don amfani da wuce-wuri-Threading kunna to muhimmanci bugun sama da aiki.

Yana iya lura da cewa daga cikin wadanda Pentium 4 kwakwalwan kwamfuta, wanda aka sanye take da kayayyaki goyon bayan wannan fasahar, aiki fiye da yadda ya kamata da farko gyare-gyare. A fannoni da dama wannan da aka bayyana a cikin ikon na PC ta yi aiki a wani yanayin da real multitasking - a lokacin da mahara daban-daban na Windows aikace-aikace, da kuma sosai a ke so habbaka saboda da amfani da tsarin albarkatun da daya daga cikinsu ya rage gudun da aikin na wasu.

A lokaci daya bayani na matsaloli daban-daban

Saboda haka, sarrafawa da wuce-wuri-Threading goyon bayan mafi saba fiye da guntu cewa ba su jituwa da shi, lokaci daya kaddamar da, misali, web browser, music Playing da kuma aiki tare da takardun. Hakika, duk wadannan amfanin da ake ji da mai amfani a yi kawai idan software da kuma hardware aka gyara na PC ne halin da isasshen karfinsu da irin wannan yanayin na aiki.

irin wannan ci gaban

Wuce-wuri-Threading Technology - ba daya kawai da aka tsara don bunkasa PC yi ta multithreaded sarrafa kwamfuta. Ta na da analogues.

Alal misali, a POWER5 sarrafawa sake ta IBM, kuma ya hada da goyon baya ga Multi-Threading. Wannan shi ne, kowane daga cikin processor tsakiya (na 2 shigar a kanta daidai kashi) na iya yi da ayyuka a cikin biyu qarqashinsu. Saboda haka, guntu iyawa 4 sarrafa kwamfuta zaren lokaci guda.

Daga cikin AMD ma yana da kyau kwarai da sakamakon a filin na Multi-Threading Concepts. An sani cewa a cikin injin buldoza gine-gine, Algorithms ake amfani, kama da wuce-wuri-Threading. Feature mafita daga AMD cewa kowane thread iyawa da mutum processor raka'a. Lokacin da wannan cache na biyu matakin da aka raba. Similar Concepts da ake aiwatar da kuma ci gaba da AMD Bobcat gine-gine, wanda aka maida shi musamman domin litattafan rubutunku da kananan inji mai kwakwalwa.

Hakika, manufar kai tsaye takwarorinsu daga AMD, IBM da Intel za a iya dauke sosai matukar. Kazalika kusanta ne a wurin da zane processor fannonin tsarin gine-gine a general. Amma da ka'idodin aiwatuwa a cikin dacewa da fasahar za a iya daukan quite kama, da kuma burin da ya sanya developers a cikin bangare na kara yadda ya dace da ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwan kwamfuta - sosai kusa da a gaskiya, idan ba m.

Waɗannan su ne key abubuwa game da m fasahar daga Intel. Abin da shi ne, da yadda za a taimaka wuce-wuri-Threading ko, conversely, kashe, mun gano. A batu, mai yiwuwa a cikin m amfani da da abũbuwan amfãni, wanda za ka iya yin amfani da, tabbatar da ganin cewa PC hardware da software goyon bayan fasaha.