Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District: babban birnin kasar, yankunan da birane

Harsh arewacin gefen - kyau da kuma m. Wadannan ma'anar ne Mafi zartar da Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. A wannan ƙasa, kewaye da ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayin da kwastan na kakanninsu rayuwa da 'yan asalin mutane, da kuma arziki subsoil ɓullo da a kan fasahar zamani. Yamal ya ko da yaushe janyo hankalin matafiya da ta musamman bayyanar. Ga mafi ban mamaki hade da zari rãnã da asali na halitta da kuma tsanani daga cikin sauyin yanayi da kuma liyãfa ga yan unguwa, mai dama palette na kaka da kuma hunturu fari shiru. Masana kimiyya kamar Yamal ga al'adu richness da kuma musamman yanayi. Saboda haka lalle ne, haƙĩƙa zo da Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District (babban birnin Salekhard), domin a ji dadin tsabta iska da kuma samun ganin kyakkyawa da m kusurwa mu babbar kasa.

labarin kasa

Kyau da kuma arziki a Rasha Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta Okrug - black lu'u-lu'u na arewacin kasar. Kuma yana daukan ba kasa - 770 dubu murabba'in kilomita na West Siberian Bayyana. A kayan shafa na County hada da: Gydan Larabawa, Taz sashin kuma, ba shakka, da Yamal Larabawa. Mafi yawa daga cikin County da aka yada a kan Arctic Circle. Daga arewa YANAO wanke ta da Kara Sea, zuwa kudu m ga Khanty-Mansiysk yankin, m makwabta - da Taimyr da Evenki cin gashin kanta District, yamma da shi da iyaka tare da Arkhangelsk yankin da kuma Jamhuriyar Komi. YANAO taimako za a iya raba bayyana da dutsen. All uku peninsulas suna cike da gidajen gona da kananan koguna, ravines, gullies da kuma swamps. Mountain kewayon lullube biyu da ɗari kilomita na kunkuntar tsiri tare da iyakacin duniya Urals. YANAO sauyin yanayi ne sharply nahiyar, matsananci, ne zuwa kashi uku zones: arewacin tsiri na West Siberian Bayyana, subarctic kuma Arctic. The yawan kimanin dubu 500, mutane a wani yawa na kasa da mutum daya da murabba'in kilomita.

Flora

A tsirin cover a cikin Yamalo-Nenets yana da wani pronounced latitudinal zonation. biyar na wasan kwaikwayo yankunan za a iya bambanta: arewacin taiga, gandun daji tundra, shrub, gansakuka-lichen kuma Arctic tundra. A mafi arewacin, Arctic band, da ciyayi ne sosai sparse. Ga za ka iya samun kawai mosses, lichens da kuma sedges. A gansakuka-lichen tundra riga girma kananan bushes da ciyawa. A na gaba area (shrub tundra) girma Dwarf Birch kuma Willow itatuwa tare da kogin - berries da namomin kaza. A cikin gandun daji da yawa swamps da kananan koguna. Ga girma Dwarf Birch, larch, spruce kananan. A kudancin yankin na Yamal-Nenets cin gashin kanta District - da taiga, mai yawa tabkuna, Marshes, da waɗansu kõguna. Dukan yankin da aka rufe da m haske da duhu coniferous gandun daji.

fauna

Idan Flora YANAO quite zaran, dabba - shi ne mai arziki da bambance bambancen. A cikin biyar climatic zones na gundumar sanaki talatin da takwas jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Mafi ne dabbobi masu cin nama da hakori - goma sha huɗu jinsunan. Biyar iri pinnipeds, uku - insectivorous, biyu - hoofed. Ashirin jinsunan Jawo-qazanta dabbobi ne mai girma kasuwanci darajar.

Amfani albarkatun

Yamalonenetskiy m gundumar (babban birnin kasar Salekhard) da aka sani hydrocarbon reserves. Akwai yana da game da 78% na jimlar reserves na man fetur da kuma iskar gas na Rasha. YANAO - duniya most hydrocarbon hanya tushe. Gudanar a kan hakar m raw kayan da ake kiyaye a kan Nakhodkinskoye Urengoiskoe gas, Ety-Kudu Rasha, Yamburgskoye filayen man fetur. A YANAO shekara samar game 8% na jimlar samar da "black" da kuma game da 80% - "blue zinariya". Iyakacin duniya Ural ana samar chromium, molybdenum, da kuza, da baƙin ƙarfe, da gubar, phosphate, barytes da sauran ma'adanai.

A 'yan asalin mutanen Yamal-Nenets cin gashin kanta District

Yanzu ashirin mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin Yamalo-Nenets. Amma da gaskiya 'yan asalin mazauna ne Khanty da Nenets, Selkup da Komi-Izhemtsy, wanda ya rayu a cikin ƙasa tun a tarihi mai nisa. Sauran zauna a rabi na biyu na karni na ashirin. Wannan shi ne saboda da ci gaba a zamanin tarayyar Soviet yankuna na Far Arewa.

Khanty: wannan mutane tun zamanin da ya rayu a Khanty-Mansiysk yankuna da Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. Culture, harshe da al'adu na mutane ne sosai iri-irin. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa Khanty zaunar a kan wani m sararin ƙasa sabili da haka zama da ɗan fragmented.

Nenets zauna sararin ƙasa na Rasha - na da Taimyr Larabawa zuwa tekun na Arctic Ocean. Wadannan mutane hijira daga kudancin Siberia a farkon karni AD. Ya nufin da Samoyed kungiyar.

An sani cewa da Komi mutane da suke zaune a kan wannan ƙasa zuwa na Millennium BC Wannan al'umma ne zuwa kashi arewa da kuma kudu da Komi. Farko a tarihi mai nisa tsunduma a reindeer herding, kama kifi da farauta. A karshen sun dayansu da masunta.

Selkup - mafi yawa mutane na Arewa. Selkups al'ada tsunduma a kama kifi da farauta. Wadanda wakilan da mutane, da suke zaune a mafi girma latitudes, ko da bred reindeer.

administrative cibiyar

A babban birnin kasar na Yamalo-Nenets District ne birni na Salekhard. An located a kan bankunan na Likitan mata River (a gefen dama). A birni ne dake kan Arctic Circle (da daya kadai a duniya). The yawan ne game da 40 da mutane dubu. A birnin da aka kafa a 1595. A farko shi ne a kananan Fort kira Obdorsky. Rabin karni bayan da aka kafa m mazauna nan ya bayyana. Tun shekarar 1923, kauyen ya zama cibiyar Obdorsk Obdorsk yankin Ural yankin. Tuni a 1930 a kauyen da aka sanya da matsayi na administrative cibiyar na Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. Bayan shekaru uku aka sake masa suna Obdorsk a Salekhard. Yau, da Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District, babban birnin kasar na hadin gwiwa-stock kamfanin musamman, yana bunkasa quite hanzari. Birnin yana da yawa daga cikin kamfanonin, "Yamalzoloto", wani kogi mai tashar jiragen ruwa, kifi cannery, "Yamalflot" da sauransu. A birnin bude Yamalo-Nenets District Museum da Nunin Complex, wanda ma'aikata nuni cibiyar, gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma gudanar da bincike library. Ko da a cikin Salekhard ne District House of Crafts - State Budget Institution of Culture na Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. A cikin babban birnin kasar YANAO yawa rassan daban-daban jami'o'i. Ya kamata a lura da cewa Yamal-Nenets cin gashin kanta District (babban birnin Salekhard) yana fuskantar babban matsaloli tare da samun dama zuwa Intanit. Gaskiyar cewa yankin har yanzu ba su da wata fiber-na gani cibiyar sadarwa.

Birane da kuma yankuna na Yamalo-Nenets gundumar

A tsarin YANAO bakwai gundumomi, takwas birane, biyar alƙaryu , da arba'in da daya kauyen gwamnati. Gundumomi na Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District: Yamal, Shuryshkarsky, Taz, Pur, Priuralsky, Nadym da Krasnoselkupsky. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da yawan yawa ne ragu. Duk da sararin ƙasa, yana da matukar 'yan birane a Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District. Cities: Noyabr'sk (97 th.), New Urengoj (89.8 dubu.), Nadim (45.2 dubu.) Muravlenko (36.4 dubu.) Salekhard (32.9 dubu.) Labytnangy (26, 7 ths.), Guba (21 100 mazaunan). Kasa ne wasu daga cikin birni YANAO za a aka bayyana a cikin mafi daki-daki.

Gubkinskii

City Gubkinsky (Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District) a shekarar 1996 ya zama wani gari na gundumar dabi'u da kuma mai suna bayan Soviet a fanning binciken kasa Gubkina Ivana Mihaylovicha. An located a kan hagu kogin Pyakupur ɗari biyu kilomita daga Arctic Circle. A tsakiyar birnin da aka kafa a matsayin tushe na ci gaban mai adibas. Saboda Gubkinsky (Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District), yafi ƙware a man fetur da kuma iskar gas samar da aiki masana'antu. A birni ne da sanya yin aiki da matasa: aiki wasanni da al'adu cibiyoyin, dance makaranta, akwai wani rikodi studio. A matasa suna da damar da za su sami wani ilimi a garinsu.

Muravlenko. Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta Okrug

A birnin da aka kafa a shekarar 1984. District matsayi samu a 1990. suna a cikin girmamawa da wani man fetur m Muravlenko Viktora Ivanovicha. Amma, da birnin kasafin kudin da aka bayansa da kamfanoni na masana'antun man fetur. Muravlenko (Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District) na da rediyo da telebijin na. Wallafa jaridar "Our Town", "Kopeika", "Word oilman."

Noyabrsk. Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta Okrug

Bayan Novy Urengoy Noyabrsk - na biyu mafi yawan a Yamalo-Nenets. A ranar kafuwar birnin za a iya gani a matsayin 1973, lokacin da site na yau Noyabrsk farko mai kyau da aka fadi na sukar. Bayan shekaru biyu, a nan ya zo na farko natsuwa, wanda mafi yawa kunshi ma'aikata. Back a 1976, Noyabrsk yarjejeniya da za a iya samu ne kawai a kan maps mai, da kuma a 1982 da shiri da aka bai da matsayi na wani gundumar birnin. Mai, iskar gas da kuma man fetur masana'antu ci gaba sosai. A wannan filin ne fiye da talatin da kamfanoni.