Ƙasa yashewa da ta haddasawa

Ƙasa yashewa - wannan ne na kowa tsari a cikin abin da lalata ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma jet kõguna na narke, hadari, ruwan sama da kuma ban ruwa ruwan ko iska. Damage daga irin wannan babbar matsala. Ƙasa yashewa ya riga ya janye 2 biliyan. Kadada na ƙasar domin aikin gona da dalilai, ciki har da arable ƙasar (miliyan 50. Gona wajen kadada).

Gona ne kai-warkar da tsarin, duk da haka, mayar da lalace Layer kauri daga 2.5 cm ake bukata 300-1000 shekaru.

Nau'in na kasar gona yashwa - shi ne mai ruwa da kuma iska (deflation).

Yashewa siffofin scours taushẽwarsu ƙasa magani. Yana halitta gullies, rage ƙasa yankin a karkashin amfanin gona ba; lalata hanyoyi cika ƙasar noma. A babba surface na gajeren gangara ne da yawa rage ko gaba daya wanke chernozem Layer, wanda rinjayar yawan aiki.

yashewa Sanadin

A tsanani daga abin da ya faru na yashewa ne sosai rinjayi da sauyin yanayi, ƙasa, ƙasa kare zaizayar kasa a zaman lafiyar, da ciyayi a cikin wadannan yankunan, da tattalin arziki aiki na mutane da kuma wasu dalilai.

Ƙasa yashewa dogara a kan sauyin yanayi, domin inganta yashewa a sakamakon kwatsam canje-canje a cikin zazzabi, da yawa kuma tsanani da ruwan sama, iska gudun da kuma iko. Low gona yanayin zafi zurfin daskare, da kuma tsanani da ta thawing kuma dab snow rinjayar da kudi na ruwa infiltration a cikin ƙasa, wanda rinjayar da ruwa ya kwarara, yashewa da yashewa.

Ruwa yashewa ne gully (struychatoy, mikakke) planar da kuma ban ruwa (ban ruwa).

Idan a cikin hunturu gangara daga cikin snow drifts da tsananin iska, kasar gona da aka dage farawa danda, freezes da kuma hana jiƙa narke ruwa. Wannan sa wani m kwarara daga ruwa.

Iska ma musababin aiwatar da ruwa yashewa, saboda shi redistributes da dusar ƙanƙara a kan ƙasa, naushe daga gangaren ravines, katakanta da sauransu. D.

Deflation shi ne dogara a kan yashewa iska karfi, ya fara bayyana a cikin kudi na game da 12 m / s a wata tsawo na game da 10 m sama da ƙasa surface.

Iska gudun ma ya dogara da ciyayi. A forestless al'arshi, prairies, iska gudun wani lokacin kai 30 m / s, da kuma a cikin gandun daji da kuma steppe sashi ne karami.

Yanayi iya rage iska yashwa, amma yalwarsu inganta ruwa.

A tsanani da lalata ya shafa ƙasa, da steepness da kuma tsawon na gangara, da nisa daga cikin watershed. A tsawon kuma steeper da gangare, da girma da wuri lalace ta yashewa da kuma muhimmancin da nasa sakamakon.

Status da kuma halaye na kasa shafi mataki na halaka su. Saboda haka qualitatively ostrukturennye, chernozem daban-daban friability, ruwa permeability, sabili da haka yashewa dake kwarara a kan su ne da yawa karami.

Ƙasa yashewa dogara a kan inji abun da ke ciki na kasar gona. Karkashin yanayi, da iska shi ne mafi saukin kamuwa zuwa yashewa hur ƙasa - yashi da kuma yashi loam. Clay kasa da ake gittar da deflation kawai wani sako-sako da, m yanayin. Saukake halaka su da iska calcareous kasa - launin ruwan kasa da kuma baki duniya. Alkaline kasa da kuma gishiri licks - iska resistant.

Saboda ciyayi muhimmanci rage ko gaba daya shafe ta da aiwatar da ƙasa yashewa. Ku busa raindrops tausasa m ciyayi, da ruwa wanda aka kiyaye shi a kan shuka ganye da ciyawa da cika fuska slows ruwa ya kwarara.

Ƙasa yashewa an rage, idan ƙasa da aka rufe da perennial ciyawa da ke kare kasar gona daga tasirin raindrops da iska, da kara ruwa permeability.

A cikin erosive matakai ƙwarai musababin da tattalin arziki aiki na mutane. Tare da karuwa a cikin rabo na yankin dasa tare da jere amfanin gona, qara tsanani da ƙasa yashewa.

Lokacin da ya wuce kima inji shũka ta atomization ya auku, wanda qara kamar yadda iska da kuma ruwan yashewa. Gona compaction sa nassi ta hanyar fagen nauyi gona kayan da ta rage ta ruwa-permeability, ta ƙara ruwa ya kwarara dilutes da kuma wanke.