A caca masana'antu: tsarin da al'amurra. Market caca masana'antu

A caca masana'antu ne jurewa gagarumin canje-canje a kan na karshe 5-10 shekaru. Wannan ya faru saboda wani taron na dalilai ne ba maras muhimmanci. Wannan za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

trends

Kamar yadda manyan manazarta, da kasuwar ne caca masana'antu shan wahala canji. Revenue daga caca dubun biliyoyin dalar Amurka. Lokacin da wannan bayanai bambanta, dangane da hanyoyin samun bayananka. A fili yake cewa saran rabo daga cikin kasuwar da aka kama video. Social wasanni samu kasa da hankali.

Duk da haka, saboda alƙaluma da shekaru nuances tsakanin 'yan wasa na kasashe daban-daban da ake sa ran samun koma baya a shahararsa ta video wasanni da kuma digiri na bukatar caca Consoles.

An yi imani da cewa yan wasa da suka fi son na gargajiya video wasanni a kan Disc kafofin watsa labarai, su ne mutanen da shekaru 15 zuwa shekaru 40. Kuma ma don la'akari da motsi na tattalin arziki manyan al'amurra a general. A wasu kalmomin, ba kowa na da damar da za a saya m kwamfuta da cewa ya cika dukan bukatu da sabon wasanni (kamar "The Witcher 3" ko Mass Effect: Andromeda), don haka sikẽli sannu a hankali canjawa zuwa zamantakewa wasanni, wanda ake isa ta hanyar social networks. Babu son aka ba wa hannu aikace-aikace dogara ne a kan Android, ko kuma iOS. Amma wadannan wasanni ne sosai daban-daban daga gargajiya wadanda.

Haka kuma, da caca masana'antu ya gani a hankali a hankali karkatar da kudaden shiga daga video wasanni da kuma karuwa da wannan hannu aikace-aikace. Idan video game Developers don kawo kudi kawai saboda da aiwatar da maki na sayarwa (ko da ko muna magana ne game sosai ri Stores ko dai na embodiments ta hanyar lantarki da dandamali), da video wasanni da monetized ciki, wanda na taimaka wa mafi tsauri girma na babban birnin kasar.

analytics

A zamani game masana'antu ne da yawa fiye music. Kwatanta wadannan yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da fim da kuma talabijin masana'antu. Duk da haka, saboda canje-canje a cikin bukatar da wasan ya ci gaba da yawa aikin bincike fasahar. Wannan, ba shakka, magana game da zamantakewa wasanni, kazalika online, cewa samar da wani mafi tsauri view na cikakken albashi monetization al'amurran da aikin. A cikin hali tare da na al'ada video games, da analysis iya hõre wani juz'i na tallace-tallace.

The abubuwa da za a leka:

• Dau kuma mau - yawan masu amfani da rana da kuma wata, bi da bi.
• rabo daya nuna alama zuwa wani: Dau / mau.
• da mataki na hannu - nuna adadin lokacin da wani player ciyarwa a cikin aikin.
• K factor - nuna talakawan yawan 'yan wasa a cikin ci gaban da wasan. wani abu kamar "mataki na hauka" a wasan duniya.
• ARPU - talakawan adadin kudi su sayi wani mutum a wasan.
• LTV - da darajar da musamman player, dangane da dukan da kudi kashe a wasan aikin, don janyo hankalin abokai na game da links, shiga a cikin rãyuwar da aikin (mataki, gasa, aukuwa), kazalika da mataki ne wasan da manufar da tallata aikin.

monetization

A nan gaba na caca an rage wa nazarin alamu na hali na 'yan wasa na wani takamaiman aikin, da binciken na su hannu, kazalika da hali to danna kan talla ko a-wasa alamu ga sauƙaƙe da ci gaban da aikin makanikai.

Bisa ga bayanan da aka gyara na kasuwanci model:

1. Revenue saboda biyan kudin player. Wannan shi ne, domin da hakkin ya ji dadin wasan aiwatar ka biya kudin. An misali ne walda a kan iOS.
2. Al'ada wasan ko ba. Wannan shi ne, abokan ciniki an zuba jari real kudi don sayen kaya a cikin wasan, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar leveling, nasarori a wajen yaki da kuma mafi dadi gameplay. Mai irin wannan wasanni. Sanya ta "real" ne "tikitin zuwa babban wasannin." Developers kawai bukatar cika tare da m daidaituwa tsakanin Donati da talakawa 'yan wasa. A ayyukan inda akwai wani unbridgeable mashigar ruwa, mutane dogon zuwa tsaya tsakanin kungiyoyin biyu.
3. Monetization a cikin nau'i na a-wasa talla. A nan, kuma, duk abin da yake mai sauki: a lokacin da ya ayyana wani taron, allon nuna wani banner. An misali ne "Mystery House", rarraba ta hanyar wani zaman jama'a na cibiyar sadarwa "VKontakte".

Kasuwa ne cunkus caca da kamfanonin miƙa matasan juyi na kasuwanci koyi ga ci gaban wasan ayyukan. Kazalika da waje talla sunadaran don jawo hankalin sabon yan wasa.

Bari mu yi wasa da kwamfuta masana'antu ne masu tasowa, da leaps da haddi, amma da ikon yinsa, daga cikin caca analytics ne har yanzu a cikin jariri. Ba da cikakken aiwatar da dukan kaleidoscope na kida saba da bukatun kowane mutum wasan na ciki abokin ciniki. A fasahar bisa ka'idojin da zumunci databases ba su tsara don adanar exabytes na bayanai, amma har ma fiye da haka ba su saba da yin aiki tare da bayanai da ƙarfi. Irin wannan adadin bayanai bayar da adadin ayyuka da cewa ana yi da player.

NoSQL fasahar zama dole su aiwatar da fasahar da cewa shi ne daban-daban daga gargajiya database.

online caca

Wani al'amari na caca masana'antu, wanda ke nufin tunzura kudi a cikin wasan. Sau da yawa a lokacin da kallon TV nuna a kan wani site za ka iya ji da ad gaba mai rumfa gidan caca - Ramin inji, miƙa yi wasa for free. Muna magana ne game da "frispinah" - Free wasan ƙoƙarin juya da Drum, ba su samar da ƙarfafa yunkurin wani monetary iteration. Idan ka ci nasara da sikeli ne a bayansa da a wani adadin.

Matsayin mai mulkin, da adadin "juya" shi ne tsananin iyaka. Principles da kuma sunadaren da na gina kasuwanci model ne guda a matsayin cewa na wani "daya-m 'yan fashi" a hakikanin rai. Just kira a gaskiya daban - Ramin inji. Free nasara wani abu rare a wanda ya jũya zuwa gare su. Duk da haka, samun kudin shiga daga irin albarkatun ne quite babban riga.

A caca masana'antu a Rasha misali, Mail.ru

Wannan kamfanin rufe a Rasha Federation ne ba na karshe wuri a ci gaba da wannan kasuwar kansu. Alal misali, "meylovtsy" gudummawar debunk da labari cewa kwamfuta wasanni mai yawa dysfunctional mutane, kuma ba su fada karkashin ka'idar "tsanani abin wãsa."

Kowace shekara, nazari da Mail.ru Group a yankin na caca sarari, manazarta samu cewa talakawan shekaru a Rasha gamer - 27-29 shekaru. Musamman wuya ga kamfanin ya fara a 2015, lokacin da taro na 'yan wasa sun bar kashi na zamantakewa da caca aikace-aikace (a baya gani girma - game da 20% idan aka kwatanta da 2014 shekara), amma halin da ake ciki ajiye lamba na sake online wasanni: da aikin "Armata», Black Desert, SkyForge . Kuma ma duk san da wurin hutawa online maharbin kira warface.

Bisa kididdigar da ga shekara ta 2016, mobile wasanni a shahararsa da kuma girma na samun kudin shiga kusan daidai da zamantakewa, bisa ga shugaban studio IT-Territory Basil Maguryana.

kwafi

Interactive nisha ba kawai wani ɓangare na da ikon yinsa, daga cikin masana'antu. Ga har yanzu ne kwafi. Caca mujallu, tsara don rufe events geymerskogo duniya don magana game da abubuwan da suka faru ƙare a saki wani sabon shiri, ne wani ɓangare daga wannan Sphere.

The fi shahara jarida a Rasha ne da mujallar "Caca", da aka buga tun Satumba 1997. Shahararsa shi ne saboda da m inuwõyi, posters, kuma wata hanya ce ta gabatar da abu - shi aka rubuta a cikin sauki harshe, m fadi da kewayon magoya na video games. A wurare dabam dabam na 180 000 kofe.

Caca mujallu aka sadaukar domin ba kawai wasanni, amma kuma a cikin dukan kwamfuta: hardware, shirye-shirye, databases, internet fasahar da software. Wani misali na irin wannan littafin nan shi ne kadan kasa da aka sani "gwanin kwamfuta" magazine - buga a 1999, wurare dabam dabam ya wuce zuwa yanzu fiye da 220.000 kofe.

Career a wasanni

A mafarki na kowane gamer da dandana (iyaka a kan hauka haske) - ya yi aiki ga wani kamfanin da cewa tana goyon bayan da suka fi so game. A ka'ida, shi ne, ba wuya. Dogara kawai a kan yawan dalilai: ilimi, shirye yin aiki da kuma ci gaba a cikin wannan shugabanci, kamfanin ta gaban a birni, kazalika da jobs. Hakika, muna magana ne game online play. Zai yiwu aiki a cikin caca masana'antu a kasa.

Shirye-shiryen. Hakika, da sunan yayi magana don kansa. Development of wasan - mai yawa sa'o'i rubutu a flowery rubutun umurni da gyara na karye code, kuma (m) digging a wani ta code to gano kurakurai. A shirye-shiryen ya kamata su iya rubuta a cikin harsuna da yawa. Zama m da kuma girmamawa sabili. Amma wasan masana'antu ne ba sosai kudi ware ta ciki IT-bangaren. Domin, idan sha'awar da kudi, shi ne mafi alhẽri zuwa IT-samuwan kaya daga waje, maimakon a wasanni ci gaba. Ko sayar da iskar gas.

Artist. Wani ɓangare daga cikin masana'antu. Amma akwai karin matsaloli fiye da a shirye-shiryen. Idan style of zane ba converge da kamfanoni da caca, da mai nema zai samu wani mai sauri musu. All saboda gaskiyar cewa yana da wuya a bayyana hakikanin abin da bukatun dole ne a gabatar da nema a lokacin da aiki ne ya halitta.

Idan babu ikon matsayin shirye-shiryen da kuma artist, amma janyo hankalin da aikin a cikin caca masana'antu, za ka iya kokarin hannunka a cikin rawar da al'umma sarrafa. Dole ne ka zama saba da wasan, su shiga a cikin caca al'umma rayuwa, kazalika da samun a wani ofishin wasan kamfanin.

Tare da sa'a, za ka iya girma da m. Wadanda girma mafi yawa saboda CM-s. Bukatun ne mai sauki, amma matsananci: adequacy, alhakin da kowa hankali. A daidai wannan lokaci da m, kazalika da wasa zanen, wani abu kamar jack dukkan cinikai: kadan marketing, kadan al'umma da kuma bayan.

A gaskiya wasan zanen. Wadanda iya zama mafi wuya saboda wani yawan aikinsu da cewa ba za a iya sanya wa talakawa "mutumin a titi." Man na sana'a yana zaton wasan makanikai, simulates duk da lissafi matakan, masu tasowa, wani hanya na motsi da yankuna, ba kawai ya haifar da ra'ayoyi, wadda za ta haifar da wasu irin wasan. Idan kana da wani amfani a sana'a, shi ne shawarar zuwa na farko kokarin kanka a modmeykerstva. Amfanin irin wannan caca masana'antu sosai arziki. Akwai ma wani yawa na zamani shafukan inda kowa zai iya kokarin su hannu (Portal 2, Unity, RPG-mai yi).

ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka

Idan aiwatar MMO aikin, da bukatar taso a irin wannan matsayi a matsayin PR manajoji, marketing kwararru, goyon bayan ma'aikatan, testers. Kowane specialization ta ayyuka. Idan a alfijir na online wasanni daya sashen sau da yawa ya yi aikin da dama ayyuka, sa'an nan da ci gaban da caca masana'antu ya zama irin wannan sabon abu faruwa mafi wuya.

PR manajoji da kuma kasuwar. Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suka iya sa abubuwan da kuma daidai isar da bayanai zuwa interlocutor, to goyon shi a wani abu. A cikin hira yawanci ba da gwajin aiki: to bayar da dama diametrically nuna adawa versions na kasuwanci tsari da zai iya samar da mafi yawan rijista masu amfani a cikin aikin a wani sosai low kasafin kudin caca kamfanin.

Support sabis ko tech goyon baya. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, na bukatar a PC ilmi, wasu fannoni na kamfanin, a cikin abin da akwai wani marmarin shirya, da kuma siffofin da caca masana'antu. Kazalika da ikon kai bayanai ga abokin ciniki. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan matsayin da ya shafi hulda da rikici abokan ciniki, saboda babbar riba zai zama iyawa da kuma ikon rike danniya.

A kadan game online wasanni

A caca masana'antu - wannan shi ne wani aiki, kamar cinema, yawon shakatawa da kuma music. Al'amurran irin ci gaban da classic video wasanni a kan CD-ROM, ba za a iya kwatanta ta da online, zamantakewa wasanni da hannu aikace-aikace.

Da bambance-bambance ne bayyananne: da m nisha a cikin wani nau'i na browser tushen online wasanni unsa jiko na kudi albarkatun a kan wani ɓangare na player inganta fasaha matakan, ya tashi sama da sauran 'yan wasa. Irin wannan wasanni ba zai iya "ratsa". Su ne har abada, yana jan bukatar kebe wani lokaci kowace rana ga nassi na yau da kullum ayyuka. Kuma sau da yawa a sati a gudanar da wasu gasa, a tsakanin 'yan wasan (iyalansu) domin da hakkin ya sami wasu kyauta.

Video games kuma iya wuce, sun kafa wata hujja storyline (da bambanci zuwa sama) da kuma ba ya bukatar m periodicity online gaban.

Sau da yawa, player ba fahimta cewa online aikin ne da farko tsara don aikatãwa da developers kansu, ba domin da cewa mutane zai iya kage wasa da kuma yin abin da suke so. Rashin fahimtar kayan yau da kullum na kasuwanci model take kaiwa zuwa negativity zuwa Developers zama sako-sako da jita-jita, da cewa birgima kashe da aikin da za a rufe nan da nan. Duk da haka, wadanda ba cikin sauri zuwa ninka. Updates zo daga bãyan wata, da kuma rashin na player na dogon lokaci take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa harafin zama weaker fiye da wasu. Lokacin da korau ya wuce, da mutum ya yanke shawarar duk suna da baya a wasan, kuma ta gano cewa da yawa rasa, da hali ba kamar yadda karfi kafin. Wannan sake bada Yunƙurin zuwa korau tunani cewa wasan ya slipped. An misali ne aikin RiotZone Mail.ru Group daga waccan mujalla da muka kamfanoni.

Idan babu fahimtar wadannan asali abubuwa, shi ne mafi alhẽri horar da su yi amfani da classic video wasanni a kan PC domin a yi mai kyau lokaci.

eSports

A nan gaba na caca masana'antu ne uniquely kawo nasara ga kamfanonin, to sami ta alkuki a duniya kasuwar. A zamaninmu, yan wasa sun riga tafi daga image na wani hali kujera dankalin turawa, tare da antisocial salon. Mutane da yawa suna da hannu a caca wasan, da samun real tsabar kudi lada. Misalin wannan - wasan warface, Dota 2 da kuma Hearthstone.

Wasanni kamar yadda irin wannan sun daina za a gane a matsayin wani abu frivolous. A baya wannan stereotypes matsayin "wasanni janye maniacs" ko "kawai kuka da kansa lokaci." Industry ya ci gaba a cikin wani cikakken-m kasuwanci.

Bugu da kari, Rasha ne na farko da kasar inda irin wannan abu a matsayin e-wasanni da aka gane. Yana da ya faru tuntuni, a 2001. Kuma a shekara ta 2017, ajalin gaba daya a ciki da kuma ƙaddamar da rajista tare da sauran wasanni irin na kwallon kafa, hockey ko kwando. Wannan shi ne yanzu a kan ƙasa na Rasha Federation iya zama gasa ga eSports. Nasara iya ko ba da da m bit a cikin da'a.

A gasar ba zai iya daukar wani ɓangare na wasan, wanda ya samar da wani kashi na mamaki. A mafi m, kuma m gasa da aka gudanar a duniya a lokacin daga 2000 zuwa 2013 kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wasanni kamar Warcraft 3 da StarCraft. A lashe tawagar ko guda player da ta fi yawan maki a karshe yaƙi.

ƙarshe

A ƙarshe, dole ne a ce cewa wasan masana'antu da gagarumin m ga ci gaba da kuma aka hanzari jerin gwanon da babban haske nan gaba. Studio developers da rassan suna mai ɓuɓɓugowa har kamar namomin kaza bayan ruwan sama, duk abin da mamaye sabon yankuna.

Wani misali na wannan kasa da kasa kamfanin Plarium, wanda yana da rassan a Isra'ila, da Ukraine, da Amurka, da Birtaniya. In mun gwada kwanan nan ya bude wani ofishin a Rasha a Krasnodar. Kamfanin ke tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da biyu online wasanni da hannu aikace-aikace.

Kuma akwai mai yawa na kamfanoni. Wasanni tafi kusan a kowace shekara. Daya sauran mafi m. Da zarar da ra'ayin shi ne ya yi naka PC, ya zama kamar ma kamar mafarki, amma yanzu akwai daya a cikin kowane iyali. Fasaha ci gaba ba tsaya cik, kowane sabon game saki fi gaban baya a zana, fasaha da kuma aikin halaye.

Saboda m yan wasa da za a ajiye kudi don ƙarin iko kwamfutar da cewa gamsar da tsarin bukatun da irin ayyukan da suna "The Witcher 3" ko Mass Effect: Andromeda. Play a kan Kadan 'yan mutane so, saboda a wannan yanayin, yana da wuya a ji dadin kyawawan wurare da kuma a breakneck yi yãki a cikin tsauri duniya na wasan.

Babu shakka, masu iko kwakwalwa ba tsammani da kuma kamar sa da saituna zuwa iyakar, lokacin da na fara a kan tafiya a kusa da wasan sarari. Wannan factor kuma tsiraru da tabbatar da ci gaban da caca masana'antu, albeit sosai a kaikaice. Ya yi kamar wata ƙafa: daga sanyi wasanni - Buy mai iko kwamfuta, wadannan inji mai kwakwalwa suna sayi - daga wasan da hakan tsarin da bukatun.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da kwamfuta wasanni masana'antu ne girma cikin sauri, fasaha ci gaba ba tsaya har yanzu. Kuma duk abin da aka yi don tabbatar da cewa kowa da kowa zai iya ji dadin bayar wa lokaci a ka fi so game.