Abin da ake karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology? Definition na ƙamus da kuma phraseology. misalai

A Rasha harshen yana da yawan sassan, kamar imin sautin harshe, graphics da kuma kuskure, ƙamus da kuma phraseology, ilimin halittar jiki, cakude. Kowane daga cikinsu yana karatu a wani matakin na harshe, da fasali da kuma aiki.

The mafi ban sha'awa sashe na harsuna

Lexicology da phraseology suna dauke su daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa sassan harsuna. Yana janyo hankalin da masu bincike, da kuma dalibai, har ma da makaranta.

Sabõda haka, shi yana karatu ne ƙamus da kuma phraseology? Wannan sashe ya nuna harsuna ƙamus na harshe, da aiki da kuma tarihi na asalin wasu alamu, kazalika da salon maganarsu, su ma'anar, iri da kuma siffofin amfani da maganarsu. Next, mun dubi kowane daga cikin subsections.

ƙamus

Ƙamus - a ƙamus na wani harshe. An tsunduma a cikin binciken na wannan kimiyya a matsayin lexicology. Yana nazarin asalin kalmomin, su yi amfani da kuma aiki, kazalika da tarihi canje-canje a cikin ƙamus na wani harshe. Ka yi la'akari da 'yan more cewa karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology.

A karkashin "lexicology" nazari:

• Ma'ana - zahiri da kuma alama.
• Asalin kalmomi - 'yan qasar Rasha aro.
• Bisa ga kungiyar a kan aiki na jawabin: historicism, archaisms, neologisms.
• a filin wasa na yin amfani da da kalmar: da na kowa, kwarewa, dialektologizmy, jargon.
• Har ila yau, saɓanin ma'ana, homonyms, ma'ana, kuma paronyms, su yi amfani da magana.

phraseology

Phraseology - wani reshe na harsuna da karatu da karko da kuma basa haduwa da ciwon da kansa musamman ma'anar.

Fasali mai salon maganarsu iya kunshi daya wadata (msl, da aka sani magana "idan ciwon daji zuwa Dutsen svisnet") da kuma yi kamar yadda mai magana (msl, "zauna a cikin overshoe").

Kari, a matsayin kalmomi iya zama Multi-mai daraja, ko shigar a cikin synonymous antonymous dangantaka. Mutane suka yi sha'awar a cikin tambaya cewa karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology, shi dole ne a tuna da cewa masana kimiyya, masana ilimin harsuna kula da tarihin da ya faru na wasu sa phrases, da kuma la'akari da hanyoyi na shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin Rasha harshe.

lexicography

Wani muhimmin batun da za a dauke ne lexicography. Wannan sashe tattara harsuna lexical abu da kuma ta m kulle a cikin kamus.

Waɗanda suka yi sha'awar wannan tambaya da cewa karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology a Rasha harshen, abin da yake cikin tarihi da kalmomi da kuma collocations cewa suna wakiltar, zai zama da amfani da aiki tare da wadannan kamus:

• Bayani Dictionary of Rasha harshen, harhada by V. Dahl.
• Dictionary Rasha Ozhegova harshe.
• Etymology da Tarihin na Rasha kalmomi.
• Dictionary da matasa irin harshe na dabam.
• Dictionary Rasha phraseology AK Birikh.

Za su iya samun mai yawa ban sha'awa abubuwa game da abun da ke ciki na da Rasha harshen, asalin kalmomi da salon maganarsu.

Karatu a makaranta

A yawa na hankali ne ya biya zuwa horo a makaranta hanya na Rasha harshen da kuma wallafe-wallafe. Ko a karshen biyar sa, akalla - a farkon shida, dalibai ce cewa karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology, tare da misalai, ka tambaye su, su yi aiki tare da kamus, yi sauki ayyuka. Matsayin mai mulkin, da malamai ba cikin aiki don kafa rubutu tsakanin kalma da ma'anarta, to karba ma'ana ko saɓanin ma'ana, homonyms da kuma samun darajar paronyms sami tsakanin samarwa da zaɓuɓɓuka saboda darajar mai phraseological naúrar, saita labarin ta asali.

Duk wannan ƙwarai shimfida ƙamus na yara, koyar da su yi aiki tare da ƙamus na mutuniyarsu harshen.

A baya rayuwa, a cikin goma sa, yara dawo zuwa ga tambaya cewa karatu ƙamus da kuma phraseology, yi tunani a baya wuce abu da kuma gyara shi ta amfani da wani iri-iri ayyuka. A nasara fahimta daga wannan sashe a nan gaba taimaka wajen wuce jarrabawa. Musamman amfani ilmi samu lokacin rubuta qagaggun ko muqala.

Karatu a mafi girma ilimi

Amma karatu a makarantar sakandare, da ƙamus da kuma phraseology na Rasha harshen suna dauke ne kawai a philological ikon tunani. Sau da yawa magana duƙufa wani dukan semester a lokacin da dalibai sosai karatu da harshen tsarin a wannan matakin, labarin asalin kalmomi da collocations, hanyoyin da dabarun don aiki tare da su, rarrabuwa. Har ila yau, a lokacin horo samu amfani da aiki tare da kamus da reference books, thesauri shirya, fassara da kuma shirya texts, dauke da iri daban-daban fassarorin.

Mun yi nazarin tambaya na stylistic amfani da kalmomi game da wani musamman lexical kungiyar. Gyarawa da ilmi tsiwirwirinsu, a cikin shakka kira "style".

binciken

Saboda haka, abin da aka yi karatu a ƙamus da kuma phraseology. Farko na duk lexical tsarin da harshen, da aiki da kuma asalin kalmomi da salon maganarsu a cikinsa, amfani da ayoyin daban-daban styles kuma fasali na fassarar phraseology da kuma musamman ƙamus.