Acid ruwan sama - Acid ruwan sama ne ...: dalilai. Matsalar acid ruwan sama

Acid ruwan sama ... Wannan magana a cikin zamani, musamman a birane, ya zama sananne. Sau da yawa lambu koka da cewa bayan wannan m hazo shuke-shuke fara wither, da kuma puddles bayyana whitish ko yellowish shafi.

Menene wannan

Kimiyya yana da wani tabbataccen amsar wannan tambaya game da abin da yake acid ruwan sama. Wannan shi ne duk aka sani iri hazo, wanda mai ruwa-ruwa nuna alama (PH) ƙananan fiye da al'ada. A kullum ne PH 7. Idan binciken ya nuna wani rashin faɗi wannan adadi a cikin sediments, su suna dauke acidic. A cikin mahallin na samun lokacinta duk masana'antu albarku na ruwan sama acidity, snow, hazo da ƙanƙara ne daruruwan sau mafi girma fiye da na al'ada matakan.

dalilai

Kuma da sake, sauke acid ruwan sama. A dalilan karya a cikin guba watsi da masana'antu da shuke-shuke, mota shaye, zuwa yawa karami har - a cikin lalata da na halitta abubuwa. Yanayi yawo sulfur da nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride da sauran mahadi wanda ya samar da acid. A sakamakon haka ne acid ruwan sama.

Akwai hazo da kuma Alkali ciki. Sun lura gaban alli ions ko ammonia. Kalmar "acid ruwan sama" za a iya zuwa da shi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa samun cikin ruwa, ko gona, irin ruwan sama shafi na canji na ruwa-balance tushe.

Abin da ya haddasa acidic ruwan sama

Babu wani abu mai kyau hadawan abu da iskar shaka na yanayi, ba shakka, ba ya kunsa. Musamman cutarwa acid ruwan sama. A Sanadin mutuwa da ciyayi bayan asarar hazo ƙarya a gaskiyar cewa ƙasar acid suna leached yawa amfani abubuwa, a Bugu da kari, akwai gurbatawa da m karafa: aluminum, gubar da sauransu. Gurbata sediments iya zama wani dalili na maye gurbi da mutuwar kifi a cikin tafkunan, mahaukaci cin ciyayi a koguna da tabkuna. A saba kewaye, su ma suna da wani detrimental sakamako: to babban har da taimako zuwa ga halaka da na halitta shafi kayan, zai iya zama wani dalili kara lalata daga karfe Tsarin.

Bayan bita da na kowa halayyar wannan yanayi sabon abu, za mu iya cewa matsalar daga acid ruwan sama yana daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci daga wani muhalli ra'ayi.

kimiyya da bincike

Yana da muhimmanci a fadada a kan makirci da sinadaran gurbatawa yanayi. Acid ruwan sama - cikin hanyar yawa disturbances a cikin yanayi. Yana da irin wannan ciwo ya kayar a cikin biyu da rabi na XIX karni, a lokacin da sunadarai R. Smith na Burtaniya ya saukar a cikin tururi da kuma hayaki abubuwa masu haɗari, wanda ake girmamawa chemically canza ruwan sama juna. Bugu da kari, acid ruwan sama - wani sabon abu da yake rufe wata babbar yankin, ko da kuwa tushen gurbatawa. The masanin kimiyya lura da lalacewa da entailed gurbata sediments: shuka cututtuka, asarar launi na masana'anta, accelerating yaduwar tsatsa da sauransu.

Kwararru mafi musamman dace don tabbatar da dalilin da cewa irin wannan acid ruwa sama sosai. Saboda a gaskiya shi snow, hazo, girgije da ƙanƙara. Dry da karancin ruwan sama na yanayi danshi da dama kamar yadda gas da kuma kura.

Anthropogenic tasiri a kan yanayi

Mutuwa lake, rage yawan kifaye, gandun daji bace - duk wadannan m sakamakon na halitta hadawan abu da iskar shaka. A kasa a cikin gandun daji ne ba kusan a matsayin m zuwa acidification, kamar yadda tafkunan, amma da tsire-tsire sosai korau view na canje-canje a acidity. Kamar aerosol cutarwa sediments kunsa da ganye da kuma Pine needles, impregnated kututturan shiga cikin kasar gona. A tsirin samun konewa sinadaran halitta, a hankali raunanar da kuma rasa ikon tsira. A kasar gona hasarar haihuwa da kuma saturate da girma al'adun mai guba mahadi.

nazarin halittu albarkatun

Lokacin da surveyed tabkuna a Jamus, an gano cewa, a cikin tafkunan inda ruwan kudi ne muhimmanci karkata daga na kullum, kifi bace. Kawai a cikin 'yan a ware lokutta tabkuna da aka kama.

tarihi al'adunmu

Invulnerable, ga alama mutum halittun ma sha daga acid ruwan sama. Ancient Acropolis, located a kasar Girka, da aka sani a duniya domin ta m contours na mutummutumai sanya na marmara. Century bai tsunduma cikin halitta kayan: daraja irin halaka su da iska da ruwan sama, acid ruwan sama kara habbaka wannan tsari. Tanadi tarihi Masterpieces na zamani Masters bai dauki matakan kare da karfe sadarwa da tsatsa. A sakamakon haka ne cewa acid ruwan sama, da baƙin ƙarfe oxide, zai iya zama wani dalili da ya fi girma fasa a mutummutumai da marmara tsagawa saboda tsatsa matsa lamba.

al'adu Monuments

The United Nations ta qaddamar da wani binciken da sakamakon acid ruwan sama a kan al'adun. A cikin shakka daga wadannan da aka tabbatar da illar da mataki na ruwan sama a kan kyakkyawan akwai gilashi windows na yammacin Turai birane. Dubban canza launin gilashi a hadarin nutse cikin abu wulakantacce. Bã su da su yardar da mutane karni na ashirin da ga da ƙarfi, kuma asali, amma a cikin shekaru goma, duhunta acid ruwan sama, barazanar hallaka m stained-gilashin zane-zane. Dust, sulfur da cikakken, ruining kayayyakin gargajiya fata da takarda. Ancient samfurin ƙarƙashin rinjayar sulfur dioxide rasa su ikon jure weathering, zama m, kuma zai iya crumble cikin ƙura nan da nan.

ecocatastrophe

Acid ruwan sama - wannan shi ne babbar matsala ga rayuwa daga mutãne. Abin baƙin ciki, da hakikar da na zamani a rayuwar bukatar har yanzu mafi girma fadada masana'antu samar, wanda qara adadin mai guba watsi cikin yanayi. Yawan jama'ar duniya ƙaruwa, da misali daga mai rai yakan, motoci suna samun mafi, kuzarinsu ya wuce iyaka ba. A wannan yanayin kadai TPP na Rasha Federation a kowace shekara da gur ton miliyan anhydride dauke da sulfur.

Acid ruwan sama da lemar sararin samaniya rami

Lemar sararin samaniya rami ba ƙasa da na kowa da kuma haifar da mafi tsanani damuwa. Bayanin jigon wannan sabon abu, dole ne a ce cewa wannan ba wani real rata yanayi ambulan, da kuma a take hakkin da kauri daga cikin lemar sararin samaniya Layer, wanda aka located kamar a 8-15 km daga Earth a stratosphere da kuma kara zuwa 50 km. Cluster lemar sararin samaniya sun fi mayar garwaya da cutarwa ultraviolet radiation daga hasken rana, kare duniya daga karfi radiation. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa lemar sararin samaniya rami da kuma acid ruwan sama - da barazana da al'ada rayuwa na duniya, bukata da gaggawa da hankali.

The mutuncin lemar sararin samaniya Layer

A farkon karni na ashirin da, shiga jerin mutum ƙirƙirãwa chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Su peculiarity sun kwarai da kwanciyar hankali, rashin wari, combustibility, babu mai guba sakamako. CFCs hankali suka yadu a aiwatar da a samar da daban-daban da sanyaya raka'a (daga motoci zuwa likita da wuraren), wuta extinguishers, aerosol m dalilai.

Kawai a karshen na biyu da rabi na karni na ashirin chemists Sherwood Rowland da kuma Mario Molina, an nuna cewa mu'ujiza abu, in ba haka ba da aka sani da Freon, wani karfi da tasiri a lemar sararin samaniya Layer. A wannan yanayin, da CFC iya "Tsayar" a cikin iska shekaru da dama. A hankali tashi daga ƙasa, suka isa stratosphere inda UV radiation halaka Freon mahadi sakewa chlorine kwayoyin halitta. A sakamakon wannan tsari, lemar sararin samaniya da aka tuba zuwa oxygen da yawa fiye karkashin al'ada muhalli da yanayi.

Munin cewa duk raka'a ana buƙatar gyara da chlorine kwayoyin halitta na daruruwan dubbai na lemar sararin samaniya kwayoyin. Bugu da kari, CFCs suna dauke gas cewa haifar da greenhouse sakamako da kuma shiga a cikin aiwatar da xumamar duniya. Shi ne gaskiya don ƙara da cewa taimako zuwa ga halaka da lemar sararin samaniya Layer kuma taimaka sosai yanayi. Saboda haka, volcanic gas dauke da har zuwa ɗaya da ɗari mahadi, ciki har da hydrocarbons. Halitta CFCs da taimako zuwa ga thinning na lemar sararin samaniya-dauke da aiki Layer a kan dogayen sanda na duniya.

Abin da za a iya yi?

Figuring fitar da hatsarin acid ruwan sama, shi ne m. Yanzu a kan ajanda a kowane jiha, a kowane masana'antu shuka dole ne da farko a matakan tabbatar da tsarki na yanayi iska.

A Rossi ta giant shuke-shuke, kamar "Kamfanin Rusal", ya zama sosai alhakin tsarin kula da wannan batu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Ba su yafe kayayyakin aiki, don shigarwa na zamani a dogara da tacewa da kuma tsabtace wuraren su hana ingress na yanayi oxides da kuma nauyi karafa.

Su suna ƙara ana amfani madadin hanyoyin samun makamashi ba tare da entailing cutarwa sakamakon. Iska da kuma hasken rana (misali, a cikin gida da kuma mota) - shi ne ba da wani kirkirarren labari, amma nasara yi da taimaka rage adadin cutarwa da kima.

Fadada na dasa gandun daji, tsaftacewa da koguna da tabkuna, daidai aiki na datti - duk tasiri hanyoyin da yaki da gurbatar yanayi.