Alexander Belyaev - ayyukan almarar da biography

A 2014 kiwon 130 shekaru, tun da haihuwa daga cikin shahararrun Rasha marubuci Alexander Romanovich Belyaev. Wannan fice mahalicci ne daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa na Genre na almarar kimiyya a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Ko a yau alama m cewa wani mutum a cikin ayyukansu zai iya nuna events cewa faruwa a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata.

A farkon shekaru na marubuci

Saboda haka, wanda shi ne Alexander Belyaev? A biography wannan mutum cikin sauki da kuma musamman. Amma da bambanci ga miliyoyin kofe na ayyukan marubucin, rayuwarsa aka rubuta ba sosai.

Haife Alexander Belyaev hudu a watan Maris 1884 a birnin Smolensk. The iyali na wani Orthodox firist tare da wani yãro yaro dora wa son music, hotuna, ci gaba da wani amfani a karanta kasada litattafan da koyon harsunan.

Bayan kammala karatu a nema daga mahaifinsa seminary, saurayin ya so wa kansa hanyar a dokar, abin da yake mai kyau nasara.

A farko matakai a wallafe-wallafen

Sunã tsirfatãwa kyau kudi a kan wani doka aiki, Alexander Belyaev fara zama fi sha'awar a ayyukan art, tafiya da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. Ya kuma rayayye shiga a shiryarwa ba, kuma dramaturgy. A shekara ta 1914, ya halarta a karon play "Labari Kaka Moira" da aka buga a "protalinki" Moscow yara mujallar.

insidious cuta

A shekara ta 1919, tuberculous pleurisy dakatar da tsare-tsaren da ayyuka na matasa. Fiye da shekaru shida na yaki da wannan cuta Alexander Belyaev. Marubuci fafitikar domin kauda wannan kamuwa da cuta a kanta. Saboda magani gazawar ya ci gaba da tarin fuka da kashin baya, wanda ya kai ga inna daga cikin kafafu. A sakamakon haka, da shekara shida ya shafe a gado, da mãsu haƙuri shafe shekaru uku a wani simintin. Rashin tunani da matasa matar kara rushe da morale na marubuci. A wannan lokacin shi ne ba da m, m kuma na gaisuwa Aleksandr Belyaev. Tarihinsa ne cike da ban tausayi lokacin rayuwa. A 1930, rasuwar shekaru shida da haihuwa 'yar Luda, na biyu ya Svetlana rashin lafiya rickets. Kan bango na wadannan abubuwan da aggravated da rashin lafiya, tantalizing Belyaev.

A tsawon rayuwar fama da rashin lafiya, mutumin samu da ƙarfi, kuma da kansa nutsa cikin zurfin nazarin adabi, tarihi, kasashen waje harsuna da kuma magani.

The dogon-jiran nasara

A shekara ta 1925, yayin da suke zaune a birnin Moscow, wani haifar da marubuci wallafa a "Aiki takarda" labarin "Professor Dowell ta Head". Kuma daga wannan lokacin ayyukan Aleksandra Belyaeva massively fita a sani a lokacin da mujallar "World pathfinder", "Ilimi - karfi" da "duniya".

A lokacin ziyararsa a birnin Moscow, cikin matasan halitta da yawa mai girma litattafan - "The Amphibian Man", "The Last Man daga FC", "Island shipwreck" da kuma "Ku yãƙi a cikin iska."

Duk da haka, a cikin wani sabon abu Belyaev buga jaridar "fito" wanda sun bar su da alãmarsu, da kuma irin Soviet marubuta, kamar M. Bulgakov, EP Petrov, IA Ilf, VP Kataev, M. Zoshchenko.

Daga baya, bayan motsi zuwa Birnin Leningrad, ya fito da littafin "Miracle Eye", "karkashin ruwa manoma", "Maigida na Duniya", kazalika da labaru na "ƙirƙirãwa na Farfesa Wagner," wanda farincikin karanta duk Soviet jama'a.

A kwanaki na ƙarshe na rayuwar mawallafin

Lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War, Belyaev iyali ya rayu a unguwar waje na Leningrad, birnin Pushkin, kuma ya kasance a zama. Raunana jiki ba zai iya tsayawa da mugunyar yunwa. A Janairu 1942, Aleksandra Belyaeva ya tafi. Native marubuci, bayan dan lokaci da aka tura zuwa Poland.

Don wannan rana, shi ya kasance wani asiri inda aka binne shi Belyaev Aleksandr, a takaice biography wanda yake cike da m adam gwagwarmayar rayuwa. Duk da haka, a cikin girmamawa ga talented marubuci shi ne mai tunawa stele a Pushkin a Kazan hurumi.

Roman "Ariel" ne latest halittar Belyaeva, an buga shi da "zamani marubuta" jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa.

"Rayuwa" bayan mutuwar

Tana da shekaru 70 da tun da Rasha da aka ba almarar kimiyya, amma memory na shi na zaune a cikin ayyukansu zuwa wannan rana. A lokacin, Aleksandra Belyaeva kerawa hõre tsaurara zargi, wani lokacin ya ji derisive comments. Duk da haka, ra'ayin almarar kimiyya da cewa a baya da jũna m da kuma kimiyya ba zai yiwu ba, ƙarshe rinjayi zuwa baya ko da yake mafi tsananin shakka.

marubucin da aikin, da kuma a yau ci gaba da za a buga, su ne quite a bukatar da mai karatu. Books Belyaeva umarni, ayyukansa kira ga alheri da kuma ƙarfin hali, soyayya da kuma girmamawa.

A cikin sabubban marubuci ta litattafan da yawa fina-finai yin fim. Saboda haka, zan sa a kan allo da takwas zane-zane, a 1961, daga gare su akwai wani ɓangare na litattafansu na Soviet cinema - "Amphibian Man", "The Alkawari na Farfesa Dowell," "shipwreck Island" da kuma "Mai kaya iska".

History of Ichthyander

Zai yiwu mafi shahara aiki na AR Belyaeva ne labari "Amphibian Man", wanda aka rubuta a 1927. Shi ke nan, tare da "Professor Dowell ta Head" nuna babban yabo da Gerbert Uells.

Halittar "Amphibian Man" Belyaeva sa, na farko, da memory na karanta labari da Faransa marubuci Zhana De la Ira "Iktaner da Moizetta", kuma abu na biyu, wata jarida labarin game da nassi a Argentina kara da likita yanayin, wanda za'ayi a daban-daban gwaje-gwajen a kan mutane da kuma dabbobi. Don kwanan wata, saita sunan jarida da kuma bayani na tsari ne kusan ba zai yiwu. Amma shi ya tabbatar da sake cewa ta hanyar samar da almarar kimiyya, Alexander Belyaev nemi su dõgara a kan hakikanin rai facts da kuma abubuwan da suka faru.

A 1962, da gudanarwa, da V.Chebotarev G.Kazansky yin fim "The Amphibian Man".

"The Last Man daga FC"

An ba su tafi ba a gane shi a cikin Soviet da kuma duniya adabi, daya daga cikin farko ayyukan marubucin - "The Last Man daga FC". A 1927 ya zama na farko da marubucin ya tarin Belyaeva da "Island shipwreck." Daga 1928 zuwa 1956 da aikin da aka manta, kuma kawai tun shekarar 1957, an sake buga shi a cikin tarayyar Soviet.

A ra'ayin na gano da rasa wayewa na FC lit Belyaev bayan karatun da rubutu a cikin jaridar Faransa "Le Figaro". Da abun ciki ne irin wannan cewa Society for Nazarin FC wanzu a Paris. A farkon karni na ashirin, wannan irin kungiya ne quite na kowa, sun ji dadin kara amfani da yawan jama'a. Wannan kuma yanke shawarar daukar wani shrewd Alexander Belyaev. Almarar kimiyya marubuci amfani da bayanin kula a matsayin prologue zuwa "Last Man daga FC". The aiki ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa, ana riskarsa da mai karatu ne quite sauki da kuma m. The abu ga rubuce-rubuce na da labari an zabo su ne daga littafin Rozhe Devinya "Gone tare da babban yankin. FC, shida na duniya ba. "

Annabce-annabce almarar kimiyya marubuci

Gwama tsinkaya daga wakilan almarar kimiyya, yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa kimiyya ideas na Soviet marubuci Aleksandra Belyaeva littattafai da aka gane a 99 kashi.

Saboda haka, babban ra'ayin labari "Farfesa Dowell ta Head" ya samu damar revitalize jikin mutum bayan mutuwa. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan buga wannan aiki, Sergei Bryukhonenko - mai girma Soviet physiologist, samar da irin wannan gwaje-gwajen. da nasara da na kowa magani a yau - m sabuntawa na ido ruwan tabarau - kuma ya hango Aleksandr Belyaev fiye da shekaru hamsin da suka wuce.

The labari "Amphibian Man" ya zama annabci a cikin kimiyya ci gaban mutum dogon zaman karkashin ruwa fasahar. Saboda haka, a 1943, Faransa masanin kimiyya Jacques Cousteau jadadda mallaka na farko aqualung, game da shi, yana tabbatarwa, cewa Ichthyander - shi ne ba don haka unattainable image.

Nasara farko gwajin na unmanned m motocin a cikin thirties karni na ashirin da a United Kingdom, kazalika da halittar psychotropic makamai - shi ne duk almarar kimiyya aka bayyana a cikin littafin "The Ubangijin World" a 1926.

The labari "The mutum wanda ya rasa fuska" ya gaya labarin da nasara ci gaban roba tiyata da sun taso dangane da wadannan da'a al'amurran da suka shafi. A cikin labarin, da gwamnan jihar canza zuwa wani Negro, shan a kan dukan wahalar da nuna bambancin launin fata. Ga mu iya zana wasu daidaici da rabo daga cikin gwarzo kuma ya ce sanannen American singer Michael Jackson, wanda ya gudu daga azzãlumai tsananta, ya yi wani babba yawan ayyukan sauya launi.

A ko'ina ya m rayuwa Belyaev kokawa da cutar. Hana jiki damar iya yin komai, ya yi kokarin sãka wa heroes of littattafai na sabon abu damar iya yin komai: don sadarwa ba tare da kalmomi, tashi kamar tsuntsaye, iyo mafi alhẽri daga kifaye. Amma ga harba da karatu amfani a rayuwa, wani abu sabon - ba wannan ne gaskiya iyawa na marubuci?