Alexander Park, Tsarskoye Selo: jan hankali, hotuna da kuma sake dubawa

Alexander Park (Tsarskoye Selo) wani bangare ne na kare Jihar Museum-Reserve, dake kusa da St. Petersburg. Gina a cikin XVIII-XIX ƙarni, da gidan kayan gargajiya ne daya daga cikin mafi akai-akai ziyarci jan hankali Rasha, a kowace shekara akwai game da dubu 100 baƙi.

Ina da shi ne?

Alexander Park, Tsarskoye Selo, Catherine Palace - duk wadannan wurare suna located a Birnin Leningrad, yankin, a cikin karamin gari na Pushkin. Har 1918 a garin da aka kira da Tsar ta kauye, shi da aka kafa a matsayin kasa mazauni a gare sarauta iyali, kuma daga baya mafi yawan gidajen da ya zama wani abin tunawa daga birane art na ginin.

A matsayi na gari, Pushkin ya a 1808 kuma tun sa'an nan an rayayye masu tasowa. Its main amfani - m wuri dangi zuwa Saint Petersburg (kawai 23 kilomita). Kamar yadda na 2015, birnin gida a kusa da mutane 100,000, da kuma yawan jama'a ne a hankali kara.

Yadda za a samu a can?

City, wanda gidaje da Alexander Park (Pushkin), suna samuwa ga baƙi da kuma mazauna St. Petersburg. A cikin kauye ne kawai biyu Railway tashoshin - "21-th km" da "Tsarskoye Selo", wanda za a iya isa via jirgin kasa, departing daga Vitebsk Station na Arewa babban birnin kasar. Electric ply a ba shugabanci da wani tazara na minti 15 zuwa awa daya.

Zaka kuma iya zuwa taxi da lambar 545, 342, 287 da kuma 347, kazalika da bas hanya lambar 187, da farko batu na tashi ne da Metro tashar "Moskovskaya". Idan kana tafiya da mota, shi ne mafi kyau, ka dauki amfani da Pulkovo babbar hanya ko Vitebsk Avenue. Gogaggen matafiya rika kada su matsawa a kan Moscow hanya, saboda hadarin sosai high na dogon lokaci makale a cikin cunkoson.

Historical bayanai (har zuwa 1740)

A farkon karni XVII a kan tabo inda Alexander Park yau warmly maraba da baƙi, located "Sarskaya Manor" - qasaita, wanda mallakar wani Swedish magnate. Ba wasu maps shi ne ake kira Saritsey. Lokacin da Swedes aka fitar daga yankin, gidan gona da aka bayar A. D. Menshikovu da Bitrus da girma, kuma nan da nan ya bayyana wani biyu-storey fadar sanya daga dutse.

A farkon da XVIII karni, bayan da dogon aikin gine-gine, akwai canals da tabkuna (ruwa da farko ya kawo nan daga St. Petersburg). Up har 1749 da gida kandami babu wutar lantarki, matsalar da aka warware kawai bayan halittar Vittolovskogo tashar, wanda ya dauki nasa asalin daga makullin kusa da kauyen na B. Vittolovo. A sakamakon haka, dukan ƙasa na shakatawa da aka iyakance Krestovsky canal.

Ana zargin fadar zama

Pushkin, Tsarskoye Selo, Alexander Park - duk wadannan abubuwa fara zama mashahuri a zamanin Elizabeth. Ita ce ta gina kananan castle da zarar mallakar Catherine I, da kuma juya shi a cikin wani bazara zama. A ƙarshen XVIII karni, shi da aka gina "Sin kauyen", ɓangare na abin da aka hallaka a 1941.

A cikin 1810 ta da wani gungu kara Alexander Palace, kuma ya wanzu a lokacin da zoo ya juya a cikin wani babban wurin shakatawa. Layi daya da za a gina sabon wurin, kowanne daga abin da na da aiki, kawai ɓangare na abin da aka yi amfani a matsayin "mai faɗi" farfado. A 1824, akwai dutse haimõmi da baƙin ƙarfe ƙofofi, wanda ya tsaya da wannan rana.

Soviet zamanin

Nan da nan bayan Oktoba juyin juya halin Alexander Park (Tsarskoye Selo) aka nationalized da kuma juya a cikin wani gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya bude kofofin ta a cikin Yuni 1918, a lokacin shekaru biyu da ta dauki game da 150 mutane dubu. A lokacin daga 1941 zuwa 1944 birnin da aka shagaltar da Jamus sojojin, wani ɓangare na ayyukan art - sata ko halakar da, sha wahala kusan duk gine-gine na gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun.

Restoration of wurin shakatawa tsawon shekaru biyu, a shekarar 1946 ta sake zuwa yawon bude ido. A shekarar 1990 da gungu samu matsayi na gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye, da kuma shekara da aka kara wa jerin abubuwa kare ta UNESCO. A harabar lokaci zuwa lokaci sha maido aikin, don haka idan ka ziyarci wani ajiye kamata ka yi mamaki da cewa wasu daga cikin haimõmi za a iya rufe.

sabon lambu

Alexander Park (Pushkin) ne zuwa kashi sabon da kuma tsohon lambu. A na farko ya bayyana a cikin 1740, Catherine ta Palace aka located a cibiyar. An kewaye da akan tashar, yana yiwuwa ya koyi a kan wani m babban tini na lemun tsami itatuwa ne, da axis daga cikin gonar. A sakamakon haka ne hudu square, girman kowane ne kamar mita 200.

A sabon lambu da aka halitta M. A. Kondakovym kuma K. Schrader, amma m wanda ya tsara shi, shi ne har yanzu ba a sani ba, mafi m dan takarar - N. Girard. A nan gaba, cikin lambu sa canzawa, a daya lokaci can aka kafa asali tafkunan da kananan poluostrovkami. A tsakiyar XVIII karni, baƙi sun rasa sha'awa a cikin data kasance lambuna da sabon lambu bai iya gabatar da, zuwa mutuža cewa aka shirya da farko.

Manyan Sin Bridge

Abu na farko da su koyi idan da za ku tafi zuwa ga Alexander Park (Tsarskoye Selo): jan hankali a nan a kowane mataki, kuma idan ma azumi, akwai da yawa miss. Tabbata a ziyarci Big Sin Bridge, gina a cikin 1785 na ruwan hoda dutse. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da ginin da aka partially hallaka, da karshe sabuntawa na sculptures cewa an yi amfani da wadanda sau, kammala kawai a 2010.

A gada iya zama da sauki a samu - shi ne located a gaban gefe na Catherine Palace, a kusa da tsakiyar ƙofar. The asali parapet a cikin nau'i na dutse vases duba sosai m kan bango na tsarin kanta. Da farko, da m Charles Cameron ya so ya ba da zũriyarsu da wani mabanbanta form, amma canza tunaninsa bayan da farkon gini.

Sin wasan kwaikwayo

Alexander Park (Pushkin), halin a cewa shi ne a nan a karshen da XVIII karni da aka gina a real Sin Theater. Marubucin na da ginin da aka sani na da sanannen m Antonio Rinaldi, yi da aka za'ayi da wani m - I. V. Neelovym wanda dan kadan modified asali ra'ayin da wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ya ba da shi a gaba daya sabon fasali. Na farko, da abu mai kama da wani Turai al'adu ma'aikata, shi featured a fadin ado.

A lokacin rani na 1779 a can aka gudanar da sosai farko yi, wanda da masu sauraro ya Empress Catherine II. Opera "Dmitriy Artakserks" wata babbar nasara, duk da haka, da kuma duk m wasanni. A cikin watan Satumba 1941, gini kamar yadda sakamakon wuta ƙone kusan gaba ɗaya. Yanzu jagorancin gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun akwai tsare-tsaren na ta maido, amma takamaiman kwanakin an ba su sani ba.

Kananan da Manyan son zũciyõyin

Alexander Park (Tsarskoye Selo) shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin ba tare da biyu manyan art abubuwa: Babba da Karami whim - biyu wucin gadi mounds, wanda sun arched Al'arshinSa na wucewa ta hanyar su masoyi. Akwai wani labari bisa ga abin da Catherine II na dogon lokaci shakka ko ko ba don ciyar da kudi a kan irin wannan m da tsada aikin gine-gine, amma har yanzu yanke shawarar a kan gina embankments, ya kira ta ya whim.

Arch Grand Caprice a tsawo har zuwa 7.5 mita da kuma a kalla nisa - 5.5. Wani baka gina kusa da nan, yana yiwuwa ya zamana abin da ake kira "hanya Podkaprizovoy", je zuwa Great Catherine Palace. Kamar yadda tarihi data, a lokacin da samar abubuwa magina amfani ƙasar, wanda aka samu da zurfafa data kasance tafkunan. Idan ka hawa zuwa saman Big whim, za ka iya samun akwai wani gazebo, wanda aka goyan bayan 8 ginshiƙai sanya daga m marmara.

Sin kauye

Alexander Park, a photo na wanda murna da fascinate da ido, yana da wani janye - mai Sin kauye, wanda aka gina a cikin 1780 ta. A key bambanci na aikin - shi ba gaba daya, an gama, gina kawai 10 daga cikin 18 shirya ayyukan. da ake kira "Observatory" is located in tsakiyar abun da ke ciki. Asalinsu kauyen da aka yi wa ado earthenware tiles, wanda, da rashin alheri, bai tsira da tsanani frosts da kuma fashe. Bayan haka, ginin da sauri shafe da kuma fentin Gabas ado.

A yi na kauye aka kammala bayan mutuwar Catherine II Mai girma. A 20-ies na XIX karni gidan tuba a cikin Apartments, da kuma saba wa baƙo Apartment. A can da zai iya sau da yawa a samu N. M. Karamzina, wanda aka hannu a cikin rubuce-rubuce na shahararrun rubutun "A tarihi na Rasha jihar." Yanzu kauye ne gaba daya gyara, dukan gidajen ana amfani da Apartments.

Peterhof

Wani haskaka daga cikin yankin, wanda shi ne kusa da Alexander Park - Peterhof, wanda don wani lokaci da aka kira Peterhof. Yana da aka kafa a 1710, asali taka rawar da kasar zama da kuma kawai a 1762 samu matsayi na musamman a cikin birnin. Wannan shi ne inda "Peterhof" Museum-Reserve, wanda ya hada da wani babbar dama farfado.

Cif daga gare su - da Great Peterhof Palace, wanda aka gina a cikin shekara 1714-1725 a cikin style of Bitrus Baroque. Har ila yau, ya kamata ka shakka ziyarci Upper Aljanna, dage farawa daga cikin 1724: shi ne yi wa ado da 5 marẽmari da kuma babban adadin mutummutumai. Lower Park aka gina a matsayin wani misali na kasa zama, wanda Peter Na shirya don amfani a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara. Ya kamata ka kuma tabbata ka ziyarci wurin shakatawa "Alexandria", halitta a cikin babban baje kolin - a 1832. Yana a matsayin rani mazaunin iyali amfani Nicholas I.

fari hasumiya

Alexander Park (Tsarskoye Selo), wanda a baya sau da yawa hotuna za a iya gani a kan katunan gaisuwa da kuma katunan, kuma yana da wata irin knightly castle - White Tower. Tsayinsa ne dan kadan kasa da 38 mita, aka gina shi a 1827 musamman ga yara na Nicholas I, inda suka ƙware da soja kimiyya, gymnastics, zanen da zane.

A lokacin yakin duniya na II Kabarin da aka kusan gaba daya hallaka bayan fadan da aka sani kawai ajiye ƙananan ɓangare na ginin. A shekarar 1990 mu ne ya yanke shawarar mayar da hasumiya. A aikin da aka yi game da ashirin da shekaru, bayyana wani abin tunawa a shekara ta 2012. Kamar yadda almara da aka rasa, da tarihi layout na ginin ba za a iya sake ƙirƙirarsu kuma yanzu amfani da gidan kayan gargajiya cibiyar.

reviews

Kuma abin da suka aikata da yawon bude ido da kuma yan unguwa, ya yi yawa, game da wannan mu'ujiza daga wuri mai faɗi gine a matsayin Alexander Park? Sharhi kan shi za ku zama mamakin. Da zarar nan sau daya, za ka so ka koma kuma da sake: a nan na musamman yanayi da cewa ba ka damar sauƙi kũtsawa a cikin gabata na tsarist Rasha. Za ka koya da yawa game da kasar su, kazalika da ji dadin asali ado na gida gidaje. All baƙi Tsarskoye Selo magana game da gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye na musamman a hanya mai kayu.

Very da yawa a matsayin m bayanin kula da cewa ga farfado da aniya saka idanu da kuma lokaci-lokaci da babban birnin kasar da kuma kwaskwarima sabuntawa. Nonresident matafiya yarda cewa, duk da janar urbanization, Tsarskoye Selo ya gudanar ya tsira kuma ci gaba da haihuwa Rasha ruhu, wanda mutane da yawa rubuta littattafai. M ma'aikata, kuma a shirye suke ciyarwa ko tilas balaguro din, domin yawon bude ido ra'ayi, su ne kuma daya daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni daga ziyartar nuni.