Apartment Museum of Dostoevsky a Moscow: adireshin, bayanin da kuma hoto

Creativity F. M. Dostoevskogo, Wanda ya ciyar a mafi yawansu ya firgita rayuwa ciyar a St. Petersburg, Yanã sani, kuma ta nuna yabo ga dukan duniya. A babban marubuci da aka haife a Moscow. Yana da aka halitta a 1928 Apartment Museum of Dostoevsky. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci Ya mayar da yanayin da ya rayu kadan Fyodor tare da iyayensa da 'yan'uwansa.

Ina gidan kayan gargajiya

A kan titi. Dostoevsky, d. 2, dake Apartment Museum of Dostoevsky, da adireshin da muka riga muka nuna. A pre-neman sauyi Rasha akwai Mariinsky asibiti ga matalauta, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar marigayi matar Paul I. A m gargajiya dutse gini da colonnade gina Gilardi da Mikhailov a 1806 a kan daftarin Quarenghi. Ya ganawa yau a asibitin da ɗan canza. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance wani likita ma'aikata, wanda shige Phthisiopneumology Research Institute da Rasha jama'a phthisiologists. Street New Bozhedomka yadda har 1954 da aka kira Dostoevsky Street, dake a cikin cibiyar.

Na ga ɗan yaron, tare da Fedor

New Bozhedomka a cikin XIX karni da aka ba a babbar wuri. Yana da ke a wajen lardin yanki waje da babban titi Zobe. A cikin Haikalin Allah ya kawo a kan titi ba zato ba tsammani sami matattu, kashe a yi yãki, ko fashi da makami, kazalika da kashe kansa. A cikin irin wannan sadaka cibiyoyin garzaya matalauta ko talauci sosai marasa lafiya, wanda sahu a dogon queues. Domin Dostoevsky 'yan'uwa, shi ne wata saba gani. A kashe Annabãwa bã da iyayensu, da suka yi magana da bayi. A asibitin yadi Bozhedomka a cikin matasa rai na Fyodor zo a cikin matalauta, "ƙasƙanta, kuma cin mutunci" mutane. Ya kasance musamman mamaki a samartaka labarin fyade 'yan mata. Wannan real episode daga rai ya koma aiki a matsayin muradi ƙazantar da lalatashi yara, tattake a cikin laka. Saboda haka daga farkon shekarun Fyodor koya tausayi.

Ta yaya ka fara Museum

Bayan rasuwar Fyodor Mikhailovich a 1881 ya bazawara, Anna fara rayayye tattara dukan rubuce-rubucen, littattafai, haruffa, hotuna da kuma na sirri mallakarmu duka. Fiye da dubu abubuwa sanya shi a cikin 1889 a cikin vault na Historical Museum a Moscow. A da memory na Museum F. M. Dostoevskogo. Duk da haka, ya kasa zuwa jawo hankalin hankalin jama'a, kamar yadda wanzu a kadaici daga tunawa sarari. A lokacin juyin juya halin Musulunci hadari, da yawa takardun da aka rasa. Saboda haka, shi ne har yanzu ba a sani ba inda stationery da daftarin rubutum da labari "The Brothers Karamazov." Cewa kowa da kowa zai iya duba wurin da yara da kuma samartaka na gaba marubuci, an yanke shawarar kirkiro wani Apartment-gidan kayan gargajiya na Dostoevsky, kuma shi aka bude a birnin Moscow a 1928.

mararraba

A Mariinsky asibiti ga matalauta yi aiki a matsayin mai warkarwa, tsohon soja likita Mikhail, uban wani babban iyali a nan gaba. A halin yanzu, a 1821, lokacin da gidan daukan up kadan sarari a dama reshe, an haife na biyu dan Fedenka. da iyali koma na farko bene hagu, da arewa reshe, inda yanzu akwai wani Apartment-gidan kayan gargajiya na Dostoevsky shekaru biyu daga baya. Sai suka ba kawai biyu da dakuna, kitchen, kuma hallway. Akwai biyu mafi dakuna, amma su aiki ne ba a sani ba.

Yadda za a fara dubawa

Da farko, baƙi an gaishe ta farko ambaci Fyodor Dostoevsky, karanta wani shigarwa a cikin "Littafi na yi masa baftisma kuma inveterate a cikin Bitrus da Bulus Church of asibiti." baby sunan gefe da gefe da waɗanda suka sa akwai kuma mutu a asibiti: wani soja, mai ritaya kyaftin, matar ministan sufi da aka saki a cikin daji serf.

The iyali ya rayu a abin da yanayi

Household fuska sosai bayyana kane na Fyodor Mikhailovich, kyale warke mai sauki da kuma fadin gida a cikin Dostoevsky Museum a Moscow. A gaban take kaiwa a cikin cin abinci dakin, ko "aiki cikin dakin", inda ganuwar da aka fentin rawaya, da kuma ra'ayoyi na asibiti yadi da kuma Bozhedomka. Yana sanya armchairs, m tebur, katin tebur, gado mai matasai, bango hukuma a mahogany - m Empire, wanda ba ka damar ceton da daraja daraja. The cin abinci tebur A game da iyali a cikin abin da 'ya'ya bakwai. A ganuwar akwai hotuna da suke da dangantaka da farkon karni na sha tara, kuma suna hade da tunanin na ziyartar Kremlin, Triniti-Sergius Lavra. Kuma a cikin maraice a cikin wannan dakin ji tãtsũniyõyin Babysitting Alena Frolovna. Fyodor Mikhailovich tuna cewa a cikin shekaru uku da ya yi kokarin tsara bayani dalla-dalla da kuma ban tsoro labaru.

Bayan wani katako bangare

Yara dakin da aka rabu da hallway da wani bangare na itace ne. A da shi sun biyu akwati a kan abin da barci Michael kuma Fedor. A dakin ya darkish. An adana a cikin Dostoevsky Museum a Moscow.

fara koyarwa

A kan katin tebur ne da Littafi Mai Tsarki ya bayyana a cikin "Littafin Ayuba", da aka buga a 1815. Dukan labarun da na Tsohon Alkawali karanta yara fi so uwa Maria Fedorovna, wanda ya janye daga m yanayi da kuma tashe a Borovsk. Ita ce ta farko malami na 'ya'yansu. A farko littafi ga duk yara sun "ɗari huɗu da alfarma tarihi." Tare da wani kwafi na littafin Fyodor bai bar da kuma kiyaye dukan kwanakin ransa, kamar yadda wata shrine. Ga 'yan yara toys, a cikin abin da yara wasa a karkashin kulawa da mahaifiyata, yi needlework. Yana kama daya daga cikin biyu da dakuna a cikin wani Apartment-gidan kayan gargajiya na Dostoevsky.

falo

Wannan dakin an haɗa zuwa cin abinci dakin. The iyali taka muhimmiyar rawa. Shi ne kuma da muhimmanci sosai ga gidan kayan gargajiya-Apartment F. M. Dostoevskogo a Moscow. Yana Stores duk real abubuwa wadda ta shãfe Fyodor Mikhailovich. A cikin falo akwai wani gado mai matasai, a gaban wanda wani m tebur aka located a kan wani karamin kilishi. Around shi ne shirya kujeru da kuma wani akwatin littattafai a cikin kusurwa - a tebur da guitar. By koyon karatu, yara su kyauta zabi da suka fi so littattafai don su. Bayan abincin rana a cikin Apartment kome ya zama shiru, don haka kamar yadda ba su damemu da barci mahaifinsa, shakatawa a kan shimfiɗa, a lõkacin da rana ƙare a asibiti. Bayan Allaha, uban ya ci gaba da aiki da yamma: ya rubuta tarihin marasa lafiya, rubũta magani. A wannan lokaci, shi ne kuma babu daya dame ta m magana da amo. Lokacin da ya je wa gidan aure kawunsa, sai ya riƙi guitar. Maria Feodorovna taka leda up wa ɗan'uwansa, a kan na biyu kayan aiki. Suna rera waka Rasha songs kuma romances. The iyali shi ne ma sosai m, a lõkacin da duk yamma tara a kusa da teburin da kuma karanta litattafan, shayari kuma litattafan da Pushkin, "Tarihi" Karamzin.

Yanzu Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo Apartment Museum neman kai duk lokacin da samuwar irin hali ne na marubuci, sabili da haka, a cikin Bugu da kari zuwa yau da kullum abubuwa, mayar da hankali a kan rayuwar ruhaniya na marubuci. Daga St. Petersburg zuwa Moscow hawa tebur a abin da ya rubuta cikin babi na "The Brothers Karamazov", ya na sirri inkstand, ya tabarau da kuma katunan kasuwanci. Akwai ma misalai daga cikin ayyukansa, asali hotunan da mambobi na iyali na marubuci. A gidan kayan gargajiya, located a kan titi Dostoevsky, gladly yarda kowa sha'awar a cikin m baiwa, da kuma riko da ba kawai Tours amma kuma theme dare da rana.